The adaptation of the formative program to the European Higher Education Areas requirements has c... more The adaptation of the formative program to the European Higher Education Areas requirements has constitute almost a revolution in the Spanish Universities, as it could represent a complete change in the way of teaching and, what is probably more significant, in the organization of the degrees. The new formative program for Telecommunication Engineering at the Universidade de Vigo is presented along this paper, including the main constraints during the design process, as well as the complete module-matter-topic structure and the time sequence of the contents along the four years.
Reliable cost-effective traffic monitoring stations are a key component of intelligent transporta... more Reliable cost-effective traffic monitoring stations are a key component of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). While modern surveillance camera systems provide a high amount of data, due to high installation price or invasion of drivers’ personal privacy, they are not the right technology. Therefore, in this paper we introduce a traffic flow parameterization system, using a built-in pavement sensing hub of a pair of AMR (anisotropic magneto resistance) magnetic field and MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) accelerometer sensors. In comparison with inductive loops, AMR magnetic sensors are significantly cheaper, have lower installation price and cause less intrusion to the road. The developed system uses magnetic signature to estimate vehicle speed and length. While speed is obtained from the cross-correlation method, a novel vehicle length estimation algorithm based on characterization of the derivative of magnetic signature is presented. The influence of signature filtering...
2020 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, 2020
A deep knowledge of radio propagation is necessary before deploying wireless networks. In indoor ... more A deep knowledge of radio propagation is necessary before deploying wireless networks. In indoor environments, when people are moving, experimental analysis is needed, as many elements are difficult to model with a deterministic simulation tool. Thus, before deploying 5G systems at the 3.5 GHz band, insights on the effect of people moving in the indoor channel are required. This contribution describes the results of a measurement campaign considering different conditions. For analyzing the results, box plots of measured attenuations due to the people moving are compiled. Both the speed of the people and their concentration seem to influence the narrowband parameters of the radio channel. However, the position of the people seems to provide fewer effects on the radio channel.
2017 11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP), 2017
The evaluation of performance represents a critical activity to ensure the quality standards of e... more The evaluation of performance represents a critical activity to ensure the quality standards of electromagnetic test labs. Intra- and inter-laboratory measurement campaigns are used for that purpose. However, problems arise when a low number of participants take part in the comparison. We present several intercomparison examples and the difficulties that appear in the data analysis.
2017 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, 2017
This contribution provides a comparison between frequency diversity and frequency hopping, when u... more This contribution provides a comparison between frequency diversity and frequency hopping, when using to improve the performance of wireless links in presence of people moving in the band of 5.8 GHz. Indoor measurement data support the tests performed, which demonstrate the advantage of frequency hopping in terms of band occupancy. Besides, data show the uncertainty of frequency diversity to provide a channel performance better than the mean of the allocated band.
Measuring the radiation pattern from antennas operating on ships is costly in terms of time and m... more Measuring the radiation pattern from antennas operating on ships is costly in terms of time and money. Due to the reflections on the sea surface, multipath influences measurement results. The standard procedures recommend repeating the measurement process several times and then applying a statistical analysis to suppress the multipath effect and obtain the correct antenna radiation pattern. However, a close analysis of the multipath problem using a two-ray model may help to find a measurement setup that minimizes the multipath effect and reduces the need for measurement repetitions. This would dramatically reduce the time and cost of measurements and improve the efficiency of the process.
International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, 2016
This work focuses on radio wave propagation within forested environments, at 5.8 GHz. Concretely,... more This work focuses on radio wave propagation within forested environments, at 5.8 GHz. Concretely, we explore the advantages of implementing spatial diversity in reception or even in both ends for improving the strength of the received signal in such environments, which could be useful in applications such as vehicle-to-infrastructure, vehicle-to-vehicle, or emergency communications. Measurements gathered at both evergreen and deciduous forests sustain the thesis. Once processed, the results support the proposal of implementing a spatial diversity technique in reception or in both ends using a 2 × 4 (or 2 × 2) scheme in order to improve the connectivity at 5.8 GHz band within forests. In fact, we estimated a gain due to spatial diversity in reception of 5 dB and 2 dB at evergreen and deciduous forests, respectively, and 16 dB or 5 dB when implementing at both ends.
Traceability and embedded sensing are analyzed in this chapter by three main approaches: firstly,... more Traceability and embedded sensing are analyzed in this chapter by three main approaches: firstly, a Wireless Sensor Network; secondly, a Sensor Area Network; and, finally, a Wireless Identification and Sensing Platform. This chapter presents an introduction to the "RFID F2F" action, and its application to the wine sector briefly describing a wine pilot developed in Spain. The traceability system resulting of the WSN and RFID integration is sketched and concisely described. The current deployment of this pilot is commented. In a second block, this chapter introduces the accomplishment of an RFID tracking through a mesh of individual active radiofrequency (RF) barriers composed by active emitter and receiver nodes/tags that cover only small individual areas. The result is a Sensor Area Network (SAN). Finally, the authors of this chapter discuss the Wireless Identification and Sensing Platform technology. WISP chips have the capabilities of RFID tags-compliant with EPC Class-1 Generation-2 standardbut they also support embedded sensing and computing. WISP technology is shown as the next step forward in the design of pervasive devices. The chapter discusses the main features of the emerging computational RFID technologies.
Cybersecurity commonly focuses on higher layers of Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, as i... more Cybersecurity commonly focuses on higher layers of Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, as it is a discipline associated to Computer Science. However, physical layer is the front line of the defence of a system against external attacks, and Electrical Engineering, concretely Radiofrequency Engineering, can provide tools to reinforce radio networks also in terms of information security. This paper analyses different techniques related to site shielding. From hard traditional shielding, similar to Faraday cages, to different soft shielding solutions as vegetation fences and frequency selective surfaces (FSS), the variety of solutions is broad and would be useful in actual deployments. Finally, Building Information Modelling (BIM) appears as an interesting tool that could be incorporated along the design and construction of an office building to improve the electromagnetic behaviour, and subsequently the cybersecurity issues of the communication networks hosted by the building its...
Reliable cost-effective traffic monitoring stations are a key component of intelligent transporta... more Reliable cost-effective traffic monitoring stations are a key component of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). While modern surveillance camera systems provide a high amount of data, due to high installation price or invasion of drivers’ personal privacy, they are not the right technology. Therefore, in this paper we introduce a traffic flow parameterization system, using a built-in pavement sensing hub of a pair of AMR (anisotropic magneto resistance) magnetic field and MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) accelerometer sensors. In comparison with inductive loops, AMR magnetic sensors are significantly cheaper, have lower installation price and cause less intrusion to the road. The developed system uses magnetic signature to estimate vehicle speed and length. While speed is obtained from the cross-correlation method, a novel vehicle length estimation algorithm based on characterization of the derivative of magnetic signature is presented. The influence of signature filtering...
The adaptation of the formative program to the European Higher Education Areas requirements has c... more The adaptation of the formative program to the European Higher Education Areas requirements has constitute almost a revolution in the Spanish Universities, as it could represent a complete change in the way of teaching and, what is probably more significant, in the organization of the degrees. The new formative program for Telecommunication Engineering at the Universidade de Vigo is presented along this paper, including the main constraints during the design process, as well as the complete module-matter-topic structure and the time sequence of the contents along the four years.
Reliable cost-effective traffic monitoring stations are a key component of intelligent transporta... more Reliable cost-effective traffic monitoring stations are a key component of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). While modern surveillance camera systems provide a high amount of data, due to high installation price or invasion of drivers’ personal privacy, they are not the right technology. Therefore, in this paper we introduce a traffic flow parameterization system, using a built-in pavement sensing hub of a pair of AMR (anisotropic magneto resistance) magnetic field and MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) accelerometer sensors. In comparison with inductive loops, AMR magnetic sensors are significantly cheaper, have lower installation price and cause less intrusion to the road. The developed system uses magnetic signature to estimate vehicle speed and length. While speed is obtained from the cross-correlation method, a novel vehicle length estimation algorithm based on characterization of the derivative of magnetic signature is presented. The influence of signature filtering...
2020 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, 2020
A deep knowledge of radio propagation is necessary before deploying wireless networks. In indoor ... more A deep knowledge of radio propagation is necessary before deploying wireless networks. In indoor environments, when people are moving, experimental analysis is needed, as many elements are difficult to model with a deterministic simulation tool. Thus, before deploying 5G systems at the 3.5 GHz band, insights on the effect of people moving in the indoor channel are required. This contribution describes the results of a measurement campaign considering different conditions. For analyzing the results, box plots of measured attenuations due to the people moving are compiled. Both the speed of the people and their concentration seem to influence the narrowband parameters of the radio channel. However, the position of the people seems to provide fewer effects on the radio channel.
2017 11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP), 2017
The evaluation of performance represents a critical activity to ensure the quality standards of e... more The evaluation of performance represents a critical activity to ensure the quality standards of electromagnetic test labs. Intra- and inter-laboratory measurement campaigns are used for that purpose. However, problems arise when a low number of participants take part in the comparison. We present several intercomparison examples and the difficulties that appear in the data analysis.
2017 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, 2017
This contribution provides a comparison between frequency diversity and frequency hopping, when u... more This contribution provides a comparison between frequency diversity and frequency hopping, when using to improve the performance of wireless links in presence of people moving in the band of 5.8 GHz. Indoor measurement data support the tests performed, which demonstrate the advantage of frequency hopping in terms of band occupancy. Besides, data show the uncertainty of frequency diversity to provide a channel performance better than the mean of the allocated band.
Measuring the radiation pattern from antennas operating on ships is costly in terms of time and m... more Measuring the radiation pattern from antennas operating on ships is costly in terms of time and money. Due to the reflections on the sea surface, multipath influences measurement results. The standard procedures recommend repeating the measurement process several times and then applying a statistical analysis to suppress the multipath effect and obtain the correct antenna radiation pattern. However, a close analysis of the multipath problem using a two-ray model may help to find a measurement setup that minimizes the multipath effect and reduces the need for measurement repetitions. This would dramatically reduce the time and cost of measurements and improve the efficiency of the process.
International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, 2016
This work focuses on radio wave propagation within forested environments, at 5.8 GHz. Concretely,... more This work focuses on radio wave propagation within forested environments, at 5.8 GHz. Concretely, we explore the advantages of implementing spatial diversity in reception or even in both ends for improving the strength of the received signal in such environments, which could be useful in applications such as vehicle-to-infrastructure, vehicle-to-vehicle, or emergency communications. Measurements gathered at both evergreen and deciduous forests sustain the thesis. Once processed, the results support the proposal of implementing a spatial diversity technique in reception or in both ends using a 2 × 4 (or 2 × 2) scheme in order to improve the connectivity at 5.8 GHz band within forests. In fact, we estimated a gain due to spatial diversity in reception of 5 dB and 2 dB at evergreen and deciduous forests, respectively, and 16 dB or 5 dB when implementing at both ends.
Traceability and embedded sensing are analyzed in this chapter by three main approaches: firstly,... more Traceability and embedded sensing are analyzed in this chapter by three main approaches: firstly, a Wireless Sensor Network; secondly, a Sensor Area Network; and, finally, a Wireless Identification and Sensing Platform. This chapter presents an introduction to the "RFID F2F" action, and its application to the wine sector briefly describing a wine pilot developed in Spain. The traceability system resulting of the WSN and RFID integration is sketched and concisely described. The current deployment of this pilot is commented. In a second block, this chapter introduces the accomplishment of an RFID tracking through a mesh of individual active radiofrequency (RF) barriers composed by active emitter and receiver nodes/tags that cover only small individual areas. The result is a Sensor Area Network (SAN). Finally, the authors of this chapter discuss the Wireless Identification and Sensing Platform technology. WISP chips have the capabilities of RFID tags-compliant with EPC Class-1 Generation-2 standardbut they also support embedded sensing and computing. WISP technology is shown as the next step forward in the design of pervasive devices. The chapter discusses the main features of the emerging computational RFID technologies.
Cybersecurity commonly focuses on higher layers of Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, as i... more Cybersecurity commonly focuses on higher layers of Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, as it is a discipline associated to Computer Science. However, physical layer is the front line of the defence of a system against external attacks, and Electrical Engineering, concretely Radiofrequency Engineering, can provide tools to reinforce radio networks also in terms of information security. This paper analyses different techniques related to site shielding. From hard traditional shielding, similar to Faraday cages, to different soft shielding solutions as vegetation fences and frequency selective surfaces (FSS), the variety of solutions is broad and would be useful in actual deployments. Finally, Building Information Modelling (BIM) appears as an interesting tool that could be incorporated along the design and construction of an office building to improve the electromagnetic behaviour, and subsequently the cybersecurity issues of the communication networks hosted by the building its...
Reliable cost-effective traffic monitoring stations are a key component of intelligent transporta... more Reliable cost-effective traffic monitoring stations are a key component of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). While modern surveillance camera systems provide a high amount of data, due to high installation price or invasion of drivers’ personal privacy, they are not the right technology. Therefore, in this paper we introduce a traffic flow parameterization system, using a built-in pavement sensing hub of a pair of AMR (anisotropic magneto resistance) magnetic field and MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) accelerometer sensors. In comparison with inductive loops, AMR magnetic sensors are significantly cheaper, have lower installation price and cause less intrusion to the road. The developed system uses magnetic signature to estimate vehicle speed and length. While speed is obtained from the cross-correlation method, a novel vehicle length estimation algorithm based on characterization of the derivative of magnetic signature is presented. The influence of signature filtering...
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