Papers by Dr. I M T I A Z A H M A D KHAN
SOCIAL SCIENCE REVIEW ARCHIVES I
Through the institutionalism perspective, this article presents a comparative description of the ... more Through the institutionalism perspective, this article presents a comparative description of the bicameral legislatures within the Islamic countries. Regarding the relationship between bicameralism and political systems, it has been observed that bicameralism is a phenomenon that is widely used in many global political systems. This is because the two houses of a bicameral system perform various tasks, such as maintaining power equilibrium, providing representation, and supervising the smooth functioning of the State machinery. However, the execution of bicameralism varies according to the priority placed on the Islamic countries' political systems as well as their unique historical, cultural, and political circumstances. Because of this, this study uses case studies from a variety of Islamic nations to explain and analyze the ideas of institutionalization of bicameral legislatures and the functions of bicameral legislatures in certain Islamic countries. It examines how bicameralism has evolved historically in Islamic countries and how they have considered incorporating it into contemporary political structures. Additionally, this paper explores the ideas of bicameralism and evaluates its positive and negative aspects, including issues with accountability, representation, and legislation. Because of this, this work challenges academics and practitioners to consider the characteristics and implications of bicameral legislatures in the Islamic setting, drawing on knowledge in legislative theory, Islamic politics, and comparative politics.
Pakistan Languages and Humanities Review, 2024
This paper investigates the impact of social media campaigns on the voting behavior of university... more This paper investigates the impact of social media campaigns on the voting behavior of university and college students in District Jhang, Pakistan, in the general elections of 2024. Social media has become a powerful tool for political engagement on a large scale, with
platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter actively shaping young voters’ political identities and loyalties. To understand this effect, we surveyed 220 students, examining how social media influences their voting decisions. The findings show that targeted content, including political headlines, memes, endorsements, and advertisements, plays a significant role in shaping young voters’ opinions. Based on 1,753,999 registered voters in county, the impact of social media on electoral choices reflects broader trends in Pakistani elections. The study recommended that political parties increase their social media usage to better engage youth and also promote media literacy to combat misinformation. In addition, a dual online and offline campaign system is proposed to strengthen segmentation and ensure effective political communication.
EMPOWERING THE SENATE: ENHANCING EXECUTIVE OVERSIGHT AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN PAKISTAN, 2024
The Pakistani Constitution of 1973 established a bicameral Legislative Assembly. The fundamental ... more The Pakistani Constitution of 1973 established a bicameral Legislative Assembly. The fundamental idea behind creating a bicameral legislative assembly was to provide small provinces a voice in the upper house's deliberations. Initially, the upper chamber had no statutory power to call the executive to account. But in 2010, the Eighteenth Constitutional Amendment granted Pakistan's Senate the power to make the Executive responsible, along the National Assembly. The upper house's authority is practically constrained by the parliamentary political system. This research article aims to investigate how the upper house, the Senate does, contribute to executive accountability in Pakistan, and what lessons can be drawn from its role for strengthening parliamentary oversight mechanisms? "Focusing on the constitutional powers, procedural mechanisms, and historical precedents of the Senate, the study will analyze its effectiveness in scrutinizing executive actions, holding the government accountable, and safeguarding democratic principles. By examining case studies, legislative debates, and empirical data, the article will assess the Senate's impact on executive accountability, policy formulation, and governance outcomes.
Annal of Human and Social Sciences , 2022
This paper examines the challenges that the Pakistani federation encountered in creating a bicame... more This paper examines the challenges that the Pakistani federation encountered in creating a bicameral legislature. Despite the fact that the state agreed to adopt a federal system, disagreements over the nature and function of federal political institutions arose during the constitution-making process. In this respect, the major bone of contention between the federating units was the composition and role of federal second chamber in Pakistan. Several bicameral design proposals were turned down by the first constituent assembly of Pakistan. Subsequently, in the constitutions of 1956 and 1962, the federation established a unicameral parliament with equal representation for both provinces regardless of population size. Following the separation of East Pakistan in 1971, a bicameral parliament was established in the 1973 constitution. However, due to the parliamentary system of government, the second chamber was given a subordinate role to the popular house. In this context, the paper provides historical analysis to show how the federation faced challenges in designing a second chamber and assigning it a pivotal role in Pakistan.
Journal of International Peace and Security , 2021
After independence in 1947, the newly born state of Pakistan faced challenges of national integra... more After independence in 1947, the newly born state of Pakistan faced challenges of national integration. The political philosophy of federalism paved the way for a solution to this test but has failed to manifest itself ultimately. After the promulgation of 1973 constitution, the demand for the provincial autonomy and abolishment of concurrent list by the smaller provinces remained a bone of contention between the center and provinces. Subsequent military operations and insurgencies in Baluchistan further aggravated the already tense situation. The 18 th Constitutional Amendment with its aims and objectives, strived to strengthen this political philosophy by undoing some effects of the central rule over provinces. This paper tries to examine the functioning of federalism and constitutional history of Pakistan focusing on Baluchistan as an example for the federal-province relationship. This research is qualitative in nature. The 18 th Amendment is discussed thoroughly hence analyzing the extent of the Amendment in strengthening Federalism.
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Papers by Dr. I M T I A Z A H M A D KHAN
platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter actively shaping young voters’ political identities and loyalties. To understand this effect, we surveyed 220 students, examining how social media influences their voting decisions. The findings show that targeted content, including political headlines, memes, endorsements, and advertisements, plays a significant role in shaping young voters’ opinions. Based on 1,753,999 registered voters in county, the impact of social media on electoral choices reflects broader trends in Pakistani elections. The study recommended that political parties increase their social media usage to better engage youth and also promote media literacy to combat misinformation. In addition, a dual online and offline campaign system is proposed to strengthen segmentation and ensure effective political communication.
platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter actively shaping young voters’ political identities and loyalties. To understand this effect, we surveyed 220 students, examining how social media influences their voting decisions. The findings show that targeted content, including political headlines, memes, endorsements, and advertisements, plays a significant role in shaping young voters’ opinions. Based on 1,753,999 registered voters in county, the impact of social media on electoral choices reflects broader trends in Pakistani elections. The study recommended that political parties increase their social media usage to better engage youth and also promote media literacy to combat misinformation. In addition, a dual online and offline campaign system is proposed to strengthen segmentation and ensure effective political communication.