Papers by Ilgaitis Prusis
Observer Effect and Double Slit Experiment, 2025
In modern physics, it is assumed that all particles have both corpuscular and wave properties. Th... more In modern physics, it is assumed that all particles have both corpuscular and wave properties. The double slit experiment shows that when the properties of a particle are measured, it inexplicably turns into a particle that has no wave properties, i.e. it loses its duality. The analysis of the experiment shows that any particle performs many different motions at the same time. Chaotic thermal fluctuations, part of which is in the transverse direction, zitterbewegung [1] and longitudinal movement (drift) in the direction of the slit. The measuring instrument cancels the transverse oscillations, so the interference pattern fades.
Tunneling is a quantum mechanical phenomenon when an electron is able to penetrate through a pote... more Tunneling is a quantum mechanical phenomenon when an electron is able to penetrate through a potential energy barrier that is higher in energy than the particle's kinetic energy. The tunnel effect in contemporary physics is explained by the wavefunctions that can penetrate through a potential barrier. The article presents another view that the tunnel effect is caused by fluctuations of electrons in the Zitterbewegung.
The electron is the most widely used elementary particle and at the same time the least studied. ... more The electron is the most widely used elementary particle and at the same time the least studied. It is known that the electron has mass, charge, and spin. The article shows that an electron moves along a complex trajectory, the main components of which are chaotic thermal motion, zitterbewegung, and the direction determined by the external electric field. The trajectory of an electron can be mathematically described as a wave, but from this QM draws the incorrect conclusion that the electron itself is a wave. What is mentioned in the article also applies to protons, neutrons, and other elementary particles.
viXra, 2019
There is a widespread view in contemporary physics that the electric field of an electromagnetic ... more There is a widespread view in contemporary physics that the electric field of an electromagnetic wave is in the phase with the magnetic field. This statement is incorrect. The article discloses in detail that the above statement leads to violating the law of energy conservation. The right statement is that electric and magnetic fields in the photon are shifted mutually by 90 degrees. In this case the electric field converts to the magnetic field and vice versa. The energy of the photon over time remains constant.
viXra, Feb 1, 2019
This paper discloses a hypothesis how four Universes can emerge from one photon. Two of them cont... more This paper discloses a hypothesis how four Universes can emerge from one photon. Two of them contain ordinary matter and antimatter. The other two contain matter of magnetic monopoles and antimonopoles. In magnetic matter atoms are bound together by magnetic forces, the electric field can be only solenoidal and electric charges cannot be separated from one another.
viXra, Dec 1, 2018
The article discloses a new property of any known forcefield: elementary particles have an equal ... more The article discloses a new property of any known forcefield: elementary particles have an equal initial momentum at the distances comparable with the radius of a proton. It is probably the quanta of a decay momentum.
viXra, Feb 1, 2019
All laws of physics are time-invariant. Quantum mechanical experiments show time reversibility in... more All laws of physics are time-invariant. Quantum mechanical experiments show time reversibility in micro-scale conditions. Everyday experience demonstrates that time flows only from past to future and never back. This conundrum of physics has not been solved until now. The article discloses an explanation of nature of time based on the statement that time itself does not exist. Time is one characteristic of movement as such.
viXra, 2019
All attempts to find Dirac magnetic monopoles have remained unsuccessful until now. Only quasi pa... more All attempts to find Dirac magnetic monopoles have remained unsuccessful until now. Only quasi particles with characteristics similar to magnetic monopoles are created experimentally. This article formulates a new concept of intrinsic magnetic monopoles. Magnetic monopoles are elementary particles with magnetic charges and electric spins. They can be generated by splitting a photon in a strong magnetic field. According to the concept at least a magnetic lepton, magnetic baryon, magnetically neutral monopole and its antiparticles exist.
viXra, 2019
The Big Bang conception of main stream physics states that at the initial point there was an enor... more The Big Bang conception of main stream physics states that at the initial point there was an enormously high temperature. This does not explain the very low temperature of CMB radiation and existence of primordial pure hydrogen stars which cannot be generated at high temperatures. The article discloses a new statement that initially there was absolute zero of Kelvin degrees. The matter was in Bose-Einstein condensate state and slowly warmed up.
viXra, 2019
In contemporary physics, it is assumed that the decay of neutrons is a proof of electron neutrino... more In contemporary physics, it is assumed that the decay of neutrons is a proof of electron neutrino existence. The article has shown that in this case a mass defect of a proton may have a different cause, i.e., a negative mass of a positron. The hypothesis of an electron neutrino is not necessary.
viXra, 2019
It is well known that the photon is only a quanta of electromagnetic radiation. However, there ar... more It is well known that the photon is only a quanta of electromagnetic radiation. However, there are many myths around the photon in contemporary physics, for example, the photon loses energy when traveling through space. The article explains the basic features of the photon, such as wave-particle duality, the relation between a continuous electromagnetic wave and a quanta, the interaction of electric and magnetic fields, space of photon, speed of light.
In modern physics, each force has its own equation that shows the dependence of the force on the ... more In modern physics, each force has its own equation that shows the dependence of the force on the distance between the sources of force: Coulomb's law, Newton's law of gravity, Gilbert's law. The study shows that they can all be expressed with a single formula that includes the number of spatial dimensions. The new formula is valid for any space.
The study proves that the force of attraction between nucleons in the nucleus is caused by the in... more The study proves that the force of attraction between nucleons in the nucleus is caused by the interaction between electrons and protons, which is about 100 times stronger than the repulsive Coulomb forces between protons. Conceptions of Strong and Weak interaction forces are not necessary because all properties of the nucleus can be explained by electric forces. There are only two fundamental interactions: Electromagnetic and Gravitational.
In Search of Divine Reality
In contemporary physics a current Quantum Mechanics (QM) theory holds that all particles exhibit ... more In contemporary physics a current Quantum Mechanics (QM) theory holds that all particles exhibit a wave nature and vice versa. However, the meaning or interpretation of this statement has not been satisfactorily resolved yet. According to the multispace conception [1] the force field and space are synonyms. Each particle has several force fields: electric, magnetic, gravity. Therefore the particle can be simultaneously in several spaces. So a photon in its own electric and magnetic spaces is a particle, but in the gravity space the photon is a wave. This phenomenon is intrinsic wave-particle duality. The scattering and collisions of fermions (electrons) can form a picture of distribution similar to wave interference. It is apparent wave-particle duality because fermions remain as lumps.
viXra, May 1, 2021
The study proves that the outer protons of the atomic nucleus form a shell. It determines the che... more The study proves that the outer protons of the atomic nucleus form a shell. It determines the chemical properties of an atom because it shields the electric field of internal protons. Therefore, it can be called a Nuclear Valence Shell (NVS). The full NVS contains 8 protons. This corresponds to a 4-dimensional space inside nucleus with 2 protons in each dimension and explain Octet rule of periodic table of elements.
viXra, 2018
In contemporary physics space is the boundless, three-dimensional extent in which objects and eve... more In contemporary physics space is the boundless, three-dimensional extent in which objects and events occur, i.e., a large container and the force field is a part of space where force acts. In contradiction to this very basic principle of contemporary physics we here propose a new concept that space and physical force field are mutually dependent entities of the same phenomena. If the force field does not exist, then the corresponding space does not exist either. And vice verse, if space does not exist, there is no force field present. Therefore each force field is associated with a separate space, which we call eigenspace. Objects which carry several force fields form several eigenspaces, for example, an electron has gravitation eigenspace, electric eigenspace and magnetic eigenspace. Particles in one eigenspace can be entangled, while in another eigenspace they must be separated in large distances, for example, photons entangled in the electromagnetic eigenspace can be separated in...
viXra, 2019
Now the Special Relativity Theory (SRT) is the cornerstone of contemporary physics. The proof of ... more Now the Special Relativity Theory (SRT) is the cornerstone of contemporary physics. The proof of SRT is based on three basic experiments. The analysis of them shows that ordinary physics is sufficient for the interpretation of experimental results and there is no need for SRT. Therefore the above-mentioned experiments are not proof of SRT.
viXra, 2019
Now the Special Relativity Theory (SRT) is the cornerstone of contemporary physics. The comprehen... more Now the Special Relativity Theory (SRT) is the cornerstone of contemporary physics. The comprehension of SRT is based on the presumption that all what one sees, hears, measures or in some other way perceives is reality. It leads to inexplicable paradoxes such as twin, Ehrenfest, spaceship and other paradoxes of relativity. The article discloses a different view, i.e., the measured values of physical items are apparent and the SRT allows to calculate real actual values. There are no paradoxes in this case.
viXra, 2019
In contemporary physics the relativity theory states that the length of moving bodies contracts a... more In contemporary physics the relativity theory states that the length of moving bodies contracts and the local time of a moving system dilates. This paper discloses an analysis of basic relativity equations which show that length contraction and time dilatation are apparent.
viXra, 2018
Let us define the completeness of the complex system as a state where all individual components c... more Let us define the completeness of the complex system as a state where all individual components composing the system are in equilibrium. Mathematically it can be expressed as the case when the sum of systems constituents is equal to zero. Any deviation from the completeness state would be consequently defined as the incompleteness of the system. Here we postulate that the incompleteness of the system whether it is the formulation of any logical conclusion, the technical construction or physical law leads to paradoxes or instabilities of the system itself.
Uploads
Papers by Ilgaitis Prusis