Papers by Ibrahim Abd El-Rahim
Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society
The present study was carried out to record the clinical signs of equine herpesviruses (EHVs) inf... more The present study was carried out to record the clinical signs of equine herpesviruses (EHVs) infection and to detect the prevalence of EHVs infection among working equids in different provinces of Egypt. A total number of 115 working equids (92 horses and 23 donkeys) were clinically examined and sampled from November 2018 till November 2019 for this study. Two samples were collected from each animal (nasal swab and blood sample) and were subjected to multiplex-PCR to detect the prevalence of different EHVs infection among equids. In the current study, the overall prevalence of EHVs infection among equid populations in Egypt was 80% by using multiplex-PCR. Moreover, the most prevalent equine herpesvirus (EHV) among equids in Upper Egypt was EHV-2 (61.74%), followed by EHV-5 (43.48%), EHV-1 (20%), and EHV-4 (13.04%). The recorded clinical signs of the examined equids harbored EHVs (PCR-positive) can be summarized as follow: a higher percentage was detected among equids with a history...
International Food Research Journal
The handling and slaughtering processes for animals have a significant effect on meat quality. Is... more The handling and slaughtering processes for animals have a significant effect on meat quality. Islamic (halal) slaughter and many different stunning methods are used in the meat industry worldwide. The objective of the present review was to update the current literature and practices concerning halal slaughter and stunning methods, and their effects on meat quality. The present review used inductive reasoning and comparison between halal and stunning methods for the slaughtering of farm animals. Halal slaughter involves cutting the carotid arteries, jugular veins, oesophagus, and throat without stunning. Halal slaughter facilitates the draining of blood from the animal, which is necessary to produce high-quality meat with good conservation and increased shelf life. On the other hand, most stunning slaughter hinders the bleeding process in sheep and goats. The retained blood content may act as a suitable medium for the growth and multiplication of different kinds of harmful microorga...
Life
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a notorious Gram-positive pathogen present asymptomatically in the na... more Streptococcus pneumoniae is a notorious Gram-positive pathogen present asymptomatically in the nasophayrnx of humans. According to the World Health Organization (W.H.O), pneumococcus causes approximately one million deaths yearly. Antibiotic resistance in S. pneumoniae is raising considerable concern around the world. There is an immediate need to address the major issues that have arisen as a result of persistent infections caused by S. pneumoniae. In the present study, subtractive proteomics was used in which the entire proteome of the pathogen consisting of 1947 proteins is effectively decreased to a finite number of possible targets. Various kinds of bioinformatics tools and software were applied for the discovery of novel inhibitors. The CD-HIT analysis revealed 1887 non-redundant sequences from the entire proteome. These non-redundant proteins were submitted to the BLASTp against the human proteome and 1423 proteins were screened as non-homologous. Further, databases of essent...
Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Cryptosporidiosis is a critical gastrointestinal disease in calves. This study examined 150 fecal... more Cryptosporidiosis is a critical gastrointestinal disease in calves. This study examined 150 fecal samples of diarrheic calves collected from the eastern region of Saudi Arabia for detection of Cryptosporidium parvum using the Modified Ziehl-Neelsen (MZN) method, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), and conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The performance of these methods was assessed using diagnostic accuracy tests. The present study identified C. parvum oocysts in fecal samples by modified Ziehl-Neelsen 40/150; 26.66%, ELIZA 60/150; 40%, and PCR 78/150; 52% methods, respectively. The microscopic method revealed higher specificity 65.27% than the ELIZA 51.38%, while the ELIZA showed higher sensitivity 32.05% than MZN method 19.23%. However, MZN and ELIZA methods were unsatisfactory diagnostic tools compared with the PCR as the area under the curve values in Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) analysis were less than 0.6. Furthermore, using the kappa analysis test revealed no agreement between MZN and ELISA methods compared with PCR at P<0.05.
Frontiers in Animal Science
Compared to other mammals, Arabian camels are ideal models for exploring the structural adaptatio... more Compared to other mammals, Arabian camels are ideal models for exploring the structural adaptations that enable camels to survive in arid environments. Thus, this study aimed to explore how evolutionary adaptation to arid conditions modifies the characteristics of the kidneys in Arabian camels (Camelus dromedarius) compared to oxen. Urine samples were physically and chemically analyzed. Harvested kidneys were subjected to topographical and fast spin echo magnetic resonance (FSE-MR) imaging. Histology, histomorphometry, and Aquaporin-2 (AQP2) expression by immunohistochemistry were also performed. Here, in dromedaries, sodium and potassium values in the urine were much higher (p=0.001, for both), whereas chloride was much lower (p=0.004) than the values of oxen. Compared with oxen, the level of the hormone aldosterone in serum was significantly lower (p=0.002), whereas creatinine and urea were significantly higher (p=0.005 and p=0.001, respectively). Uric acid in dromedaries and oxen...
Alexandria Engineering Journal
Frontiers in Veterinary Science
Caseins determine the physicochemical, physiological, and biological characteristics of milk. Fou... more Caseins determine the physicochemical, physiological, and biological characteristics of milk. Four caseins—alpha-S-1, alpha-S-2, beta, and kappa—were analyzed phylogenetically and in silico and characterized regarding chemical, antimicrobial, and antioxidant features in five dairy animals: Arabian camels, sheep, goats, cattle, and water buffalos. The sequence of full-length amino acids of the four caseins for the five species was retracted from the NCBI GenBank database. Multiple sequence alignment is used to examine further the candidate sequences for phylogenetic analysis using Clustal X and NJ-Plot tools. The results revealed that sheep and goats possess strong similarities (98.06%) because of their common ancestor. The same was observed with cattle and water buffalos (96.25%). The Arabian camel was located in a single subclade due to low similarity in casein residues and compositions with other dairy animals. Protein modeling showed that alpha-S1- and alpha-S2-caseins possess th...
Pakistan Journal of Botany
International Journal of Bioassays, 2015
Annually huge numbers of small ruminants particularly sheep were imported into Saudi Arabia short... more Annually huge numbers of small ruminants particularly sheep were imported into Saudi Arabia shortly before pilgrimage season mostly from countries of the Horn of Africa, where circling disease ( Listeria monocytogenes ) is endemic. These imported animals may be actually or previously infected with L. monocytogenes without showing any clinical manifestations. Anti-Listeriolysin O (LLO) enzyme linked immuosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied for determination of the seroprevelance of L. monocytogenes infection among 1000 randomly selected sheep. In addition, public health significant as well as entrance of such zoonotic diseases into the country through imported animals was discussed. Out of 1000 tested sera, 178 (17.8%) were carried antibodies against Listeriolysin O (LLO) protein of L. monocytogenes . The present study suggested that circling disease should be added to the list of the quarantine infectious diseases. It was recommended that Anti-LLO ELISA could be applied for serodiag...
Islam has meant the development of the legal provisions governing the slaughter of animals. The I... more Islam has meant the development of the legal provisions governing the slaughter of animals. The Islamic Sharia achieved civilized scoop where imposed Islamic slaughter on ruminant animals which is permissible to eat their meat such as cattle, camels, sheep and goats, and the development of many of the Arts and the legal provisions during the slaughtering process. The slaughtering process is of a significant impact on the meat safety and hygiene. On the other hand it is of significant impact on human health. The Halal slaughter involves cutting of jugular veins, carotid arteries, throat and esophagus, which facilitates draining of blood from the animal and thus prevents growth and multiplication of harmful micro-organisms. The halal slaughter of animals has a great role in preventing infectious diseases, and is seen one of the main reasons for the popularity of the product even among non-Muslims. In addition to complete bleeding of flowing blood, there are numerous benefits of severi...
Paratuberculosis (PTB) or Johne’s disease (JD) is a chronic debilitating disease caused by the My... more Paratuberculosis (PTB) or Johne’s disease (JD) is a chronic debilitating disease caused by the Mycobacterium avium subsp . paratuberculosis (MAP). JD affects a wide range of animals including ruminants and characterized by enteritis and progressive diarrhea. The current study aimed to implement molecular tools for detection and identification of MAP among clinically suspected small ruminants in Makkah region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). A total of 2660 small ruminants from five different farms around Makkah were clinically investigated for characteristic signs of JD during the period of November 2013 to February of 2014. Out of investigated animals, 16 cases were selected as being suspected of JD infection based on the associated clinical symptoms (emaciation and unthriftiness with or without persistent diarrhea). Rectal scrapings were collected from all suspected animals and were subjected for molecular examination. Three different genetic targets were evaluated including 16S rD...
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
During hajj, some pilgrims shave or shorten their hairs in streets or in unlicensed salons which ... more During hajj, some pilgrims shave or shorten their hairs in streets or in unlicensed salons which lack health and safety standards. This study was undertaken to determine the occurrence of fungal contamination of hair samples in pilgrims who practice this kind of haircuts. About 150 hair specimens collected in pre-sterilized Petri dishes. Each hair specimen was cultured into two Sabouraud’s dextrose agars, one of them was fortified with chloramphenicol and cycloheximide. The result showed that 103 samples were found positive for fungal growth. The number of non-dermatophytes was 88 (85.4%) mainly Aspergillus (66), Penicillium (19), while the dermatophytes number was 15 (14.6%) mainly M. audouinii (5) followed by T. terrestre (4) species. The highest dermatophytes number (3) was seen in three nationalities Egyptian, Nigerian and Pakistani, while the highest age group number was seen in people with age < 20 years old (5) followed by people with age group > 60 years old (4). It wa...
Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal, 2005
Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine, 2022
Background. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is continuing to circulate and change, affecting ... more Background. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is continuing to circulate and change, affecting billions of people worldwide and leading to increased mortality rates, especially in the Holy City of Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This study was aimed at investigating the epidemiological features of COVID-19 in Makkah City, KSA. Methods. A retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate the prevalence of COVID-19 and the association between the severity and mortality of COVID-19 with demographic factors and comorbidities. Results. Among 4,742 COVID-19 patients, the incidence rate observed in males was 66.7%, and 69.7% were from Al-Noor Specialized Hospital. The highest incidence rate (25.2%) was found in the age group > 60 years old , followed by the age group 51-60 years (21.8%). Furthermore, the highest frequency was observed in patients from Saudi Arabia (36.8%), followed by patients from Myanmar (14.7%) and Bangladesh (9.4%). The overall frequency of COVID-19...
Arabian Journal of Geosciences
The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized disasters related to environmental topics, human health, soc... more The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized disasters related to environmental topics, human health, social lifestyles, and economic systems around the world. COVID-19 may further spread through municipal solid waste (MSW), if it is collected, handled, transported, or disposed in an improper way. The current paper provides an overview of the multiple challenges that COVID-19 has introduced to the various tasks of MSW management including the impact of the implemented precautionary measures on MSW management, priorities and hierarchy of MSW, direct impact on the constitution, and characterization of MSW in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, based on waste management characterization guidance. In addition, specific and alternative guidance plans for the potential critical points of the infection were suggested to protect public health during the pandemic. The results of the current study revealed that the hierarchical system of MSW was modified under pandemic conditions. Implementation of control measures in Makkah has led to a change of lifestyle, which resulted in a physical change of the MSW constitution in Makkah, with the following average rates: organic matter, 57%; plastics, 31%; paper and cardboard, 9%; metals, 1%; glass, 1%; and wood, 1%. In conclusion, a specific guidance plan for MSW management during the COVID-19 pandemic was developed, aimed at handlers, pickers, collection, transportation, transfer stations, and MSW disposal. Such a guidance plan may play a vital role in controlling the pandemic, especially in the outdoor environment. The suggested guidance plan describes and specifies structured and ordered practices of MSW management in Makkah during COVID-19 and other pandemics.
Arabian Journal of Geosciences
The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized disasters related to environmental topics, human health, soc... more The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized disasters related to environmental topics, human health, social lifestyles, and economic systems around the world. COVID-19 may further spread through municipal solid waste (MSW), if it is collected, handled, transported, or disposed in an improper way. The current paper provides an overview of the multiple challenges that COVID-19 has introduced to the various tasks of MSW management including the impact of the implemented precautionary measures on MSW management, priorities and hierarchy of MSW, direct impact on the constitution, and characterization of MSW in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, based on waste management characterization guidance. In addition, specific and alternative guidance plans for the potential critical points of the infection were suggested to protect public health during the pandemic. The results of the current study revealed that the hierarchical system of MSW was modified under pandemic conditions. Implementation of control measures in Makkah has led to a change of lifestyle, which resulted in a physical change of the MSW constitution in Makkah, with the following average rates: organic matter, 57%; plastics, 31%; paper and cardboard, 9%; metals, 1%; glass, 1%; and wood, 1%. In conclusion, a specific guidance plan for MSW management during the COVID-19 pandemic was developed, aimed at handlers, pickers, collection, transportation, transfer stations, and MSW disposal. Such a guidance plan may play a vital role in controlling the pandemic, especially in the outdoor environment. The suggested guidance plan describes and specifies structured and ordered practices of MSW management in Makkah during COVID-19 and other pandemics.
Journal of Bacteriology & Parasitology, 2014
Conventional culture methods for the isolation and identification of food borne bacterial pathoge... more Conventional culture methods for the isolation and identification of food borne bacterial pathogens are rather sensitive and quite inexpensive, but at the same time they are labor-intensive and time-consuming. Molecular techniques are more rapid and highly sensitive for identification of food pathogens. This study was carried out to evaluate a 12 hour PCR method for detection of Salmonella in food samples. The results showed that out of 150 food samples, 32 (21.3%) were positive by culture, 35 (23.3%) were positive by PCR, the sensitivity of PCR was 100% while specificity was 97.5%. The study concluded that the 6-h enrichment followed by PCR was rapid, simpler method that allowed the detection of Salmonella spp. within a maximum of 12 h.
Uploads
Papers by Ibrahim Abd El-Rahim