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I. Mishustin

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Igor Mishustin studied theoretical physics and astrophysics at the Moscow State University. He obtained his PhD and then the Doctor of Sciences degree (habilitation) at the Kurchatov Institute in Moscow. In 80-s and 90-s he worked at the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen, first as visiting scientist and later as Carlsberg professor. During 1999-2003 he made several long-term visits to the Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe University, as Humboldt awardee and DAAD professor. In 2004 he joined the newly-established Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies where he conducts research in theoretical subatomic physics and astrophysics. His main interests are focused on studying new phases of strongly interacting matter in relativistic heavy-ion collisions and compact stars.

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Papers by I. Mishustin

Phase Transitions in the Interacting Relativistic Boson Systems

by Dima Anch and I. Mishustin

Universe

The thermodynamic properties of the interacting particle–antiparticle boson system at high temper... more The thermodynamic properties of the interacting particle–antiparticle boson system at high temperatures and densities were investigated within the framework of scalar and thermodynamic mean-field models. We assume isospin (charge) density conservation in the system. The equations of state and thermodynamic functions are determined after solving the self-consistent equations. We study the relationship between attractive and repulsive forces in the system and the influence of these interactions on the thermodynamic properties of the bosonic system, especially on the development of the Bose–Einstein condensate. It is shown that under “weak” attraction, the boson system has a phase transition of the second order, which occurs every time the dependence of the particle density crosses the critical curve or even touches it. It was found that with a “strong” attractive interaction, the system forms a Bose condensate during a phase transition of the first order, and, despite the finite value...

Geometrical clusterization and deconfinement phase transition in SU(2) gluodynamics

EPJ Web of Conferences, 2017

A novel approach to identify the geometrical (anti)clusters formed by the Polyakov loops of the s... more A novel approach to identify the geometrical (anti)clusters formed by the Polyakov loops of the same sign and to study their properties in the lattice SU(2) gluodynamics is developed. The (anti)cluster size distributions are analyzed for the lattice coupling constant β ∈ [2.3115, 3]. The found distributions are similar to the ones existing in 2-and 3-dimensional Ising systems. Using the suggested approach, we explain the phase transition in SU(2) gluodynamics at β = 2.52 as a transition between two liquids during which one of the liquid droplets (the largest cluster of a certain Polyakov loop sign) experiences a condensation, while another droplet (the next to the largest cluster of opposite Polyakov loop sign) evaporates. The clusters of smaller sizes form two accompanying gases, which behave oppositely to their liquids. The liquid drop formula is used to analyze the distributions of the gas (anti)clusters and to determine their bulk, surface and topological parts of free energy. Surprisingly, even the monomer multiplicities are reproduced with high quality within such an approach. The behavior of surface tension of gaseous (anti)clusters is studied. It is shown that this quantity can serve as an order parameter of the deconfinement phase transition in SU(2) gluodynamics. Moreover, the critical exponent β of surface tension coefficient of gaseous clusters is found in the upper vicinity of critical temperature. Its value coincides with the one found for 3-dimensional Ising model within error bars. The Fisher topological exponent τ of (anti)clusters is found to have the same value 1.806 ± 0.008, which agrees with an exactly solvable model of the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition and disagrees with the Fisher droplet model, which may evidence for the fact that the SU(2) gluodynamics and the model are in the same universality class.

Strangeness in Quark Matter: Opening Talk

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2014

We discuss several new developments in the field of strange and heavy flavor physics in high ener... more We discuss several new developments in the field of strange and heavy flavor physics in high energy heavy ion collisions. As shown by many recent theoretical works, heavy flavored particles give us a unique opportunity to study the properties of systems created in these collisions. Two in particular important aspects, the production of (multi) strange hypernuclei and the properties of heavy flavor mesons, are at the core of several future facilities and will be discussed in detail.

Fluctuations Near the Deconfinement Phase Transition Boundary

NATO Security through Science Series

In this talk I discuss how a first order phase transition may proceed in rapidly expanding parton... more In this talk I discuss how a first order phase transition may proceed in rapidly expanding partonic matter produced in a relativistic heavy-ion collision. The resulting picture is that a strong collective flow of matter will lead to the fragmentation of a metastable phase into droplets. If the transition from quark-gluon plasma to hadron gas is of the first order, it will manifest itself by strong nonstatistical fluctuations in observable hadron distributions. I discuss shortly existing experimental data on the multiplicity fluctuations.

Hydrodynamic modeling of the deconfinement phase transition and explosive hadronization

Proceedings of Critical Point and Onset of Deconfinement - 4th International Workshop — PoS(CPOD07), Mar 28, 2008

Dynamics of relativistic heavy-ion collisions is investigated on the basis of a simple (1+1)dimen... more Dynamics of relativistic heavy-ion collisions is investigated on the basis of a simple (1+1)dimensional hydrodynamical model in light-cone coordinates. The main emphasis is put on studying sensitivity of the dynamics and observables to the equation of state and initial conditions. Low sensitivity of pion rapidity spectra to the presence of the phase transition is demonstrated, and some inconsistencies of the equilibrium scenario are pointed out. Possible non-equilibrium effects are discussed, in particular, a possibility of an explosive disintegration of the deconfined phase into quark-gluon droplets. Simple estimates show that the characteristic droplet size should decrease with increasing the collective expansion rate. These droplets will hadronize individually by emitting hadrons from the surface. This scenario should reveal itself by strong non-statistical fluctuations of observables.

Strange quark stars within the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model

by Horst Stoecker and I. Mishustin

Physical Review D, 2001

We investigate the properties of charge-neutral β-equilibrium cold quark matter within the Nambu-... more We investigate the properties of charge-neutral β-equilibrium cold quark matter within the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. The calculations are carried out for different ratios of coupling constants characterizing the vector and scalar 4-fermion interaction, ξ ≡ G V /G S . It is shown that for ξ < 0.4 matter is self-bound and for ξ < 0.65 it has a first order phase transition of the liquidgas type. The Gibbs conditions in the mixed phase are applied for the case

Feasibility study of gas-cooled ADS

The Hydrodynamic Model for High-Energy Heavy Ion Reactions

NATO ASI Series, 1994

The contributions of the hydrodynamic model to the problem of extracting the equatioo oí state ar... more The contributions of the hydrodynamic model to the problem of extracting the equatioo oí state are discussed with special emphasis on the minimum experimental input needed and the role of viscosity. Next the problems of hydrodynamics at ultrarelativistic energies and the methods for obtaining a reHable and accurate solution are introduced. Finally sorne fundamenta! problems concerning the hydrodynamic equations of motion in the dissipative case are indicated. RESUMEN. Se discuten las contribuciones del modelo hidrodioámico a! problema de extraer la ecuación de estado, con especial énfasis en una información experimental mínima y en el papel que juega la viscosidad. Se introducen los problemas de la hidrodinámica a energías ultrarelativistas y los métodos para obtener una solución precisa y realista. Finalmente, se indican algunos problemas fundamentales involucrados en las ecuaciones de movimiento hidrodinámicas.

Hypernuclei, dibaryon and antinuclei production in high energy heavy ion collisions: Thermal production vs. Coalescence

We study the production of (hyper-)nuclei and di-baryons in most central heavy Ion collisions at ... more We study the production of (hyper-)nuclei and di-baryons in most central heavy Ion collisions at energies of E_lab=1-160 A GeV. In particular we are interested in clusters produced from the hot and dense fireball. The formation rate of strange and non-strange clusters is estimated by assuming thermal production from the intermediate phase of the UrQMD-hydro hybrid model and alternatively by the coalescence mechanism from a hadronic cascade model. Both model types are compared in detail. For most energies we find that both approaches agree in their predictions for the yields of the clusters. Only for very low beam energies, and for di-baryons including Ξ's, we observe considerable differences. We also study the production of anti-matter clusters up to top RHIC energies and show that the observation of anti-^4He and even anti-^4_ΛHe is feasible. We have found a considerable qualitative difference in the energy dependence of the strangeness population factor R_H when comparing the ...

Catastrophic rearrangement of a compact star due to the quark core formation

Physics Letters B, 2003

We study properties of compact stars with the deconfinement phase transition in their interiors. ... more We study properties of compact stars with the deconfinement phase transition in their interiors. The equation of state of cold baryon-rich matter is constructed by combining a relativistic mean-field model for the hadronic phase and the MIT Bag model for the deconfined phase. In a narrow parameter range two sequences of compact stars (twin stars), which differ by the size of the quark core, have been found. We demonstrate the possibility of a rapid transition between the twin stars with the energy release of about 10 52 ergs. This transition should be accompanied by the prompt neutrino burst and the delayed gamma-ray burst.

Anti- and Hypermatter Research at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research FAIR

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2012

ABSTRACT Within the next six years, the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) is built ... more ABSTRACT Within the next six years, the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) is built adjacent to the existing accelerator complex of the GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research at Darmstadt, Germany. Thus, the current research goals and the technical possibilities are substantially expanded. With its worldwide unique accelerator and experimental facilities, FAIR will provide a wide range of unprecedented fore-front research in the fields of hadron, nuclear, atomic, plasma physics and applied sciences which are summarized in this article. As an example this article presents research efforts on strangeness at FAIR using heavy ion collisions, exotic nuclei from fragmentation and antiprotons to tackle various topics in this area. In particular, the creation of hypernuclei and antimatter is investigated.

Constraints on possible phase transitions above the nuclear saturation density

Physical Review C, 2002

We compare different models for hadronic and quark phases of cold baryon-rich matter in an attemp... more We compare different models for hadronic and quark phases of cold baryon-rich matter in an attempt to find a deconfinement phase transition between them. For the hadronic phase we consider Walecka-type mean-field models which describe well the nuclear saturation properties. We also use the variational chain model which takes into account correlation effects. For the quark phase we consider the MIT bag model, the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio and the massive quasiparticle models. By comparing pressure as a function of baryon chemical potential we find that crossings of hadronic and quark branches are possible only in some exceptional cases while for most realistic parameter sets these branches do not cross at all. Moreover, the chiral phase transition, often discussed within the framework of QCD motivated models, lies in the region where the quark phases are unstable with respect to the hadronic phase. We discuss possible physical consequences of these findings.

Heavy ions and X-rays in brain tumor treatment: acomparison of their biological effects on tissue slice cultures

Background: In this interdisciplinary project, the biological effects of heavy ions are compared ... more Background: In this interdisciplinary project, the biological effects of heavy ions are compared to those of X-rays using tissue slice culture preparations from rodents and humans. Advantages of this biological model are the conservation of an organotypic environment and the independency from genetic[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]

The hydrodynamic model for high-energy heavy-ion

The contributions of the hydrodynamic model to the problem of extracting the equatioo oí state ar... more The contributions of the hydrodynamic model to the problem of extracting the equatioo oí state are discussed with special emphasis on the minimum experimental input needed and the role of viscosity. Next the problems of hydrodynamics at ultrarelativistic energies and the methods for obtaining a reHable and accurate solution are introduced. Finally sorne fundamenta! problems concerning the hydrodynamic equations of motion in the dissipative case are indicated. RESUMEN. Se discuten las contribuciones del modelo hidrodioámico a! problema de extraer la ecuación de estado, con especial énfasis en una información experimental mínima y en el papel que juega la viscosidad. Se introducen los problemas de la hidrodinámica a energías ultrarelativistas y los métodos para obtener una solución precisa y realista. Finalmente, se indican algunos problemas fundamentales involucrados en las ecuaciones de movimiento hidrodinámicas.

Separate freeze-out of strange particles and the quark-hadron phase transition

The scenario of the independent chemical freeze-outs for strange and nonstrange particles is disc... more The scenario of the independent chemical freeze-outs for strange and nonstrange particles is discussed. Within such a scenario an apparent in-equilibrium of strangeness is naturally explained by a separation of chemical freeze-out of strange hadrons from the one of non-strange hadrons, which, nevertheless, are connected by the conservation laws of entropy, baryonic charge and third isospin projection. An interplay between the separate freeze-out of strangeness and its residual non-equilibrium is studied within an elaborate version of the hadron resonance gas model. The developed model enables us to perform a high-quality fit of the hadron multiplicity ratios measured at AGS, SPS and RHIC with an overall fit quality ϰ2 /dof = 0:93. A special attention is paid to a description of the Strangeness Horn and to the well-known problem of selective suppression of Δ- and ж hyperons. It is remarkable that for all collision energies the strangeness suppression factor γs is about 1 within the e...

Geometrical clusterization of Polyakjov loops in SU(2) lattice gluodynamics

Journal of Physics: Conference Series

The liquid droplet formula is applied to an analysis of the properties of geometrical (anti)clust... more The liquid droplet formula is applied to an analysis of the properties of geometrical (anti)clusters formed in SU(2) gluodynamics by the Polyakov loops of the same sign. Using this approach, we explain the phase transition in SU(2) gluodynamics as a transition between two liquids during which one of the liquid droplets (the largest cluster of a certain Polyakov loop sign) experiences a condensation, while the droplet of another liquid (the next to the largest cluster of the opposite sign of Polyakov loop) evaporates. The clusters of smaller sizes form two accompanying gases, which behave oppositely to their liquids. The liquid droplet formula is used to analyze the size distributions of the gaseous (anti)clusters. The fit of these distributions allows us to extract the temperature dependence of surface tension and the value of Fisher topological exponent τ for both kinds of gaseous clusters. It is shown that the surface tension coefficient of gaseous (anti)clusters can serve as an order parameter of the deconfinement phase transition in SU(2) gluodynamics. The Fisher topological exponent τ of clusters and anticlusters is found to have the same value 1.806 ± 0.008. This value disagrees with the famous Fisher droplet model, but it agrees well with an exactly solvable model of the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition. This finding may evidence for the fact that the SU(2) gluodynamics and this exactly solvable model of nuclear liquid-gas phase transition are in the same universality class.

The phase diagram in T-μ-N c space

We examine the phase diagram of hadronic matter when the number of colors, as well as temperature... more

Clusters of matter and antimatter

Nuclear Physics A, 2004

In this talk I first give a short overview of antinuclei produsction in recent experiments at RHI... more In this talk I first give a short overview of antinuclei produsction in recent experiments at RHIC. Then I discuss the possibility of producing new types of nuclear systems by implanting an antibaryon into ordinary nuclei. The structure of nuclei containing one antiproton or antilambda is investigated within the framework of a relativistic mean-field model. Self-consistent calculations predict an enhanced binding and considerable compression in such systems as compared with normal nuclei. I present arguments that the life time of such nuclei with respect to the antibaryon annihilation might be long enough for their observation. Few experimental signatures are suggested. Possible formation of multi-quark-antiquark clusters is also discussed.

Gating in fragmentation processes?

Nuclear Physics A, 1992

... Mishustin, H. Schulz and K. Sneppen The Niels Bohr Insttrte, 2100 Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17,... more

Modeling phase transitions in rapidly expanding systems

Proceedings of 5th International Workshop on Critical Point and Onset of Deconfinement — PoS(CPOD 2009)

Phase Transitions in the Interacting Relativistic Boson Systems

by Dima Anch and I. Mishustin

Universe

The thermodynamic properties of the interacting particle–antiparticle boson system at high temper... more The thermodynamic properties of the interacting particle–antiparticle boson system at high temperatures and densities were investigated within the framework of scalar and thermodynamic mean-field models. We assume isospin (charge) density conservation in the system. The equations of state and thermodynamic functions are determined after solving the self-consistent equations. We study the relationship between attractive and repulsive forces in the system and the influence of these interactions on the thermodynamic properties of the bosonic system, especially on the development of the Bose–Einstein condensate. It is shown that under “weak” attraction, the boson system has a phase transition of the second order, which occurs every time the dependence of the particle density crosses the critical curve or even touches it. It was found that with a “strong” attractive interaction, the system forms a Bose condensate during a phase transition of the first order, and, despite the finite value...

Geometrical clusterization and deconfinement phase transition in SU(2) gluodynamics

EPJ Web of Conferences, 2017

A novel approach to identify the geometrical (anti)clusters formed by the Polyakov loops of the s... more A novel approach to identify the geometrical (anti)clusters formed by the Polyakov loops of the same sign and to study their properties in the lattice SU(2) gluodynamics is developed. The (anti)cluster size distributions are analyzed for the lattice coupling constant β ∈ [2.3115, 3]. The found distributions are similar to the ones existing in 2-and 3-dimensional Ising systems. Using the suggested approach, we explain the phase transition in SU(2) gluodynamics at β = 2.52 as a transition between two liquids during which one of the liquid droplets (the largest cluster of a certain Polyakov loop sign) experiences a condensation, while another droplet (the next to the largest cluster of opposite Polyakov loop sign) evaporates. The clusters of smaller sizes form two accompanying gases, which behave oppositely to their liquids. The liquid drop formula is used to analyze the distributions of the gas (anti)clusters and to determine their bulk, surface and topological parts of free energy. Surprisingly, even the monomer multiplicities are reproduced with high quality within such an approach. The behavior of surface tension of gaseous (anti)clusters is studied. It is shown that this quantity can serve as an order parameter of the deconfinement phase transition in SU(2) gluodynamics. Moreover, the critical exponent β of surface tension coefficient of gaseous clusters is found in the upper vicinity of critical temperature. Its value coincides with the one found for 3-dimensional Ising model within error bars. The Fisher topological exponent τ of (anti)clusters is found to have the same value 1.806 ± 0.008, which agrees with an exactly solvable model of the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition and disagrees with the Fisher droplet model, which may evidence for the fact that the SU(2) gluodynamics and the model are in the same universality class.

Strangeness in Quark Matter: Opening Talk

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2014

We discuss several new developments in the field of strange and heavy flavor physics in high ener... more We discuss several new developments in the field of strange and heavy flavor physics in high energy heavy ion collisions. As shown by many recent theoretical works, heavy flavored particles give us a unique opportunity to study the properties of systems created in these collisions. Two in particular important aspects, the production of (multi) strange hypernuclei and the properties of heavy flavor mesons, are at the core of several future facilities and will be discussed in detail.

Fluctuations Near the Deconfinement Phase Transition Boundary

NATO Security through Science Series

In this talk I discuss how a first order phase transition may proceed in rapidly expanding parton... more In this talk I discuss how a first order phase transition may proceed in rapidly expanding partonic matter produced in a relativistic heavy-ion collision. The resulting picture is that a strong collective flow of matter will lead to the fragmentation of a metastable phase into droplets. If the transition from quark-gluon plasma to hadron gas is of the first order, it will manifest itself by strong nonstatistical fluctuations in observable hadron distributions. I discuss shortly existing experimental data on the multiplicity fluctuations.

Hydrodynamic modeling of the deconfinement phase transition and explosive hadronization

Proceedings of Critical Point and Onset of Deconfinement - 4th International Workshop — PoS(CPOD07), Mar 28, 2008

Dynamics of relativistic heavy-ion collisions is investigated on the basis of a simple (1+1)dimen... more Dynamics of relativistic heavy-ion collisions is investigated on the basis of a simple (1+1)dimensional hydrodynamical model in light-cone coordinates. The main emphasis is put on studying sensitivity of the dynamics and observables to the equation of state and initial conditions. Low sensitivity of pion rapidity spectra to the presence of the phase transition is demonstrated, and some inconsistencies of the equilibrium scenario are pointed out. Possible non-equilibrium effects are discussed, in particular, a possibility of an explosive disintegration of the deconfined phase into quark-gluon droplets. Simple estimates show that the characteristic droplet size should decrease with increasing the collective expansion rate. These droplets will hadronize individually by emitting hadrons from the surface. This scenario should reveal itself by strong non-statistical fluctuations of observables.

Strange quark stars within the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model

by Horst Stoecker and I. Mishustin

Physical Review D, 2001

We investigate the properties of charge-neutral β-equilibrium cold quark matter within the Nambu-... more We investigate the properties of charge-neutral β-equilibrium cold quark matter within the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. The calculations are carried out for different ratios of coupling constants characterizing the vector and scalar 4-fermion interaction, ξ ≡ G V /G S . It is shown that for ξ < 0.4 matter is self-bound and for ξ < 0.65 it has a first order phase transition of the liquidgas type. The Gibbs conditions in the mixed phase are applied for the case

Feasibility study of gas-cooled ADS

The Hydrodynamic Model for High-Energy Heavy Ion Reactions

NATO ASI Series, 1994

The contributions of the hydrodynamic model to the problem of extracting the equatioo oí state ar... more The contributions of the hydrodynamic model to the problem of extracting the equatioo oí state are discussed with special emphasis on the minimum experimental input needed and the role of viscosity. Next the problems of hydrodynamics at ultrarelativistic energies and the methods for obtaining a reHable and accurate solution are introduced. Finally sorne fundamenta! problems concerning the hydrodynamic equations of motion in the dissipative case are indicated. RESUMEN. Se discuten las contribuciones del modelo hidrodioámico a! problema de extraer la ecuación de estado, con especial énfasis en una información experimental mínima y en el papel que juega la viscosidad. Se introducen los problemas de la hidrodinámica a energías ultrarelativistas y los métodos para obtener una solución precisa y realista. Finalmente, se indican algunos problemas fundamentales involucrados en las ecuaciones de movimiento hidrodinámicas.

Hypernuclei, dibaryon and antinuclei production in high energy heavy ion collisions: Thermal production vs. Coalescence

We study the production of (hyper-)nuclei and di-baryons in most central heavy Ion collisions at ... more We study the production of (hyper-)nuclei and di-baryons in most central heavy Ion collisions at energies of E_lab=1-160 A GeV. In particular we are interested in clusters produced from the hot and dense fireball. The formation rate of strange and non-strange clusters is estimated by assuming thermal production from the intermediate phase of the UrQMD-hydro hybrid model and alternatively by the coalescence mechanism from a hadronic cascade model. Both model types are compared in detail. For most energies we find that both approaches agree in their predictions for the yields of the clusters. Only for very low beam energies, and for di-baryons including Ξ's, we observe considerable differences. We also study the production of anti-matter clusters up to top RHIC energies and show that the observation of anti-^4He and even anti-^4_ΛHe is feasible. We have found a considerable qualitative difference in the energy dependence of the strangeness population factor R_H when comparing the ...

Catastrophic rearrangement of a compact star due to the quark core formation

Physics Letters B, 2003

We study properties of compact stars with the deconfinement phase transition in their interiors. ... more We study properties of compact stars with the deconfinement phase transition in their interiors. The equation of state of cold baryon-rich matter is constructed by combining a relativistic mean-field model for the hadronic phase and the MIT Bag model for the deconfined phase. In a narrow parameter range two sequences of compact stars (twin stars), which differ by the size of the quark core, have been found. We demonstrate the possibility of a rapid transition between the twin stars with the energy release of about 10 52 ergs. This transition should be accompanied by the prompt neutrino burst and the delayed gamma-ray burst.

Anti- and Hypermatter Research at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research FAIR

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2012

ABSTRACT Within the next six years, the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) is built ... more ABSTRACT Within the next six years, the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) is built adjacent to the existing accelerator complex of the GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research at Darmstadt, Germany. Thus, the current research goals and the technical possibilities are substantially expanded. With its worldwide unique accelerator and experimental facilities, FAIR will provide a wide range of unprecedented fore-front research in the fields of hadron, nuclear, atomic, plasma physics and applied sciences which are summarized in this article. As an example this article presents research efforts on strangeness at FAIR using heavy ion collisions, exotic nuclei from fragmentation and antiprotons to tackle various topics in this area. In particular, the creation of hypernuclei and antimatter is investigated.

Constraints on possible phase transitions above the nuclear saturation density

Physical Review C, 2002

We compare different models for hadronic and quark phases of cold baryon-rich matter in an attemp... more We compare different models for hadronic and quark phases of cold baryon-rich matter in an attempt to find a deconfinement phase transition between them. For the hadronic phase we consider Walecka-type mean-field models which describe well the nuclear saturation properties. We also use the variational chain model which takes into account correlation effects. For the quark phase we consider the MIT bag model, the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio and the massive quasiparticle models. By comparing pressure as a function of baryon chemical potential we find that crossings of hadronic and quark branches are possible only in some exceptional cases while for most realistic parameter sets these branches do not cross at all. Moreover, the chiral phase transition, often discussed within the framework of QCD motivated models, lies in the region where the quark phases are unstable with respect to the hadronic phase. We discuss possible physical consequences of these findings.

Heavy ions and X-rays in brain tumor treatment: acomparison of their biological effects on tissue slice cultures

Background: In this interdisciplinary project, the biological effects of heavy ions are compared ... more Background: In this interdisciplinary project, the biological effects of heavy ions are compared to those of X-rays using tissue slice culture preparations from rodents and humans. Advantages of this biological model are the conservation of an organotypic environment and the independency from genetic[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]

The hydrodynamic model for high-energy heavy-ion

The contributions of the hydrodynamic model to the problem of extracting the equatioo oí state ar... more The contributions of the hydrodynamic model to the problem of extracting the equatioo oí state are discussed with special emphasis on the minimum experimental input needed and the role of viscosity. Next the problems of hydrodynamics at ultrarelativistic energies and the methods for obtaining a reHable and accurate solution are introduced. Finally sorne fundamenta! problems concerning the hydrodynamic equations of motion in the dissipative case are indicated. RESUMEN. Se discuten las contribuciones del modelo hidrodioámico a! problema de extraer la ecuación de estado, con especial énfasis en una información experimental mínima y en el papel que juega la viscosidad. Se introducen los problemas de la hidrodinámica a energías ultrarelativistas y los métodos para obtener una solución precisa y realista. Finalmente, se indican algunos problemas fundamentales involucrados en las ecuaciones de movimiento hidrodinámicas.

Separate freeze-out of strange particles and the quark-hadron phase transition

The scenario of the independent chemical freeze-outs for strange and nonstrange particles is disc... more The scenario of the independent chemical freeze-outs for strange and nonstrange particles is discussed. Within such a scenario an apparent in-equilibrium of strangeness is naturally explained by a separation of chemical freeze-out of strange hadrons from the one of non-strange hadrons, which, nevertheless, are connected by the conservation laws of entropy, baryonic charge and third isospin projection. An interplay between the separate freeze-out of strangeness and its residual non-equilibrium is studied within an elaborate version of the hadron resonance gas model. The developed model enables us to perform a high-quality fit of the hadron multiplicity ratios measured at AGS, SPS and RHIC with an overall fit quality ϰ2 /dof = 0:93. A special attention is paid to a description of the Strangeness Horn and to the well-known problem of selective suppression of Δ- and ж hyperons. It is remarkable that for all collision energies the strangeness suppression factor γs is about 1 within the e...

Geometrical clusterization of Polyakjov loops in SU(2) lattice gluodynamics

Journal of Physics: Conference Series

The liquid droplet formula is applied to an analysis of the properties of geometrical (anti)clust... more The liquid droplet formula is applied to an analysis of the properties of geometrical (anti)clusters formed in SU(2) gluodynamics by the Polyakov loops of the same sign. Using this approach, we explain the phase transition in SU(2) gluodynamics as a transition between two liquids during which one of the liquid droplets (the largest cluster of a certain Polyakov loop sign) experiences a condensation, while the droplet of another liquid (the next to the largest cluster of the opposite sign of Polyakov loop) evaporates. The clusters of smaller sizes form two accompanying gases, which behave oppositely to their liquids. The liquid droplet formula is used to analyze the size distributions of the gaseous (anti)clusters. The fit of these distributions allows us to extract the temperature dependence of surface tension and the value of Fisher topological exponent τ for both kinds of gaseous clusters. It is shown that the surface tension coefficient of gaseous (anti)clusters can serve as an order parameter of the deconfinement phase transition in SU(2) gluodynamics. The Fisher topological exponent τ of clusters and anticlusters is found to have the same value 1.806 ± 0.008. This value disagrees with the famous Fisher droplet model, but it agrees well with an exactly solvable model of the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition. This finding may evidence for the fact that the SU(2) gluodynamics and this exactly solvable model of nuclear liquid-gas phase transition are in the same universality class.

The phase diagram in T-μ-N c space

We examine the phase diagram of hadronic matter when the number of colors, as well as temperature... more

Clusters of matter and antimatter

Nuclear Physics A, 2004

In this talk I first give a short overview of antinuclei produsction in recent experiments at RHI... more In this talk I first give a short overview of antinuclei produsction in recent experiments at RHIC. Then I discuss the possibility of producing new types of nuclear systems by implanting an antibaryon into ordinary nuclei. The structure of nuclei containing one antiproton or antilambda is investigated within the framework of a relativistic mean-field model. Self-consistent calculations predict an enhanced binding and considerable compression in such systems as compared with normal nuclei. I present arguments that the life time of such nuclei with respect to the antibaryon annihilation might be long enough for their observation. Few experimental signatures are suggested. Possible formation of multi-quark-antiquark clusters is also discussed.

Gating in fragmentation processes?

Nuclear Physics A, 1992

... Mishustin, H. Schulz and K. Sneppen The Niels Bohr Insttrte, 2100 Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17,... more

Modeling phase transitions in rapidly expanding systems

Proceedings of 5th International Workshop on Critical Point and Onset of Deconfinement — PoS(CPOD 2009)