Papers by IJARW Research Publication
IJARW, 2024
This study aims to evaluate the richness of ants that are present in the vicinity of Holy Mountai... more This study aims to evaluate the richness of ants that are present in the vicinity of Holy Mountain of Miracles in San Antonio East. This study employed a quantitative research design in terms of measurably assessing the species richness and abundance of the species of ants. Descriptive-Quantitative research was used in the sense of production of numerical data that could be statistically analyzed to come up with an objective estimation of our study, and with the use of Opportunistic sampling method. In this collection of data, only one (1) family of ants were collected at the study area, total of nine (9) representative species. Within the vicinity of Holy Mountain of Miracles in San Antonio East. At the first area Aphaenogaster sp. and Crematogaster biroi are found, while the second area have three: Laphomyrmex bedoti, Anoplolepis gracilipes, and Dolichoderus thoracicus. Third area consist of only Odontoponero transversa. And lastly, area four has Polyrhachis sp., Diacama panayensec, and Monomorium pharaonic. The ants are found along the side and on the trail of the mountain upon exploring with opportunistic method. It revealed that only nine (9) species are found in the study area under the family of Formicidae, with the diversity index of 2.077 using the Shanon-Weiner statistical tool, and species richness index of 2.551, under the moderate level of richness. Moreover, the study area is consisting of different ant species and clearly has abundance with it. However, the statistical analysis showed that the calculation regarding with the diversity index is Low.
IJARW, 2025
Lichens are unique symbiotic organisms formed through the association of fungi, algae, and cyanob... more Lichens are unique symbiotic organisms formed through the association of fungi, algae, and cyanobacteria in some cases. This study aims to identify the current diversity of lichens, describe the status of each species and examine the diversity of lichens species in different elevations. Acknowledging that lichens respond to environmental factors such as humidity and, temperature. This study examined the diversity of lichens at three elevations on Holy Mountain Miracles using field surveys, molecular techniques, and the Shannon-Weiner index. A 20x20-meter plot method was employed to collect data and identify species diversity and status. Researchers identified 41 species across the three sites, with most lichens being crustose, followed by foliose forms. Pertusariaceae was the most abundant family, while Lecanoraceae, Parmeliaceae, Physciaceae, and Graphidaceae were the least represented. The conservation status of these species ranged from Data Deficient (DD) to Apparently Secured (G4). As of diversity, results showed that Holy Mountain Miracles in San Antonio East, hosts a diverse lichen community with the diversity index of 3.466 using the Shanon-Weiner statistical tool, reflecting its ecological richness and variety across elevations. This study contributes to the documentation of local biodiversity, which is often overlooked in less urbanized regions. By identifying and cataloging lichen species, this research not only enriches scientific understanding but also provides a baseline for the localities, Local Government Unit (LGU), students, future researchers and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR).
IJARW, 2025
This paper examines the value of some different writing approaches amongst researchers, then prov... more This paper examines the value of some different writing approaches amongst researchers, then provides a systematic review on their application to teaching and learning by exploring how teachers utilize them in their English classrooms in higher education. This paper will be divided into two main parts including a brief literature review of each traditional writing approach with an analysis of the strengths and drawbacks and a brief review of recently related researches on the application of these approaches to teaching and learning writing skills. Therefore, any effective teaching method for writing skills as findings of this research are expected to be applied in teaching EFL students at School of Foreign languages at Thai Nguyen University in Vietnam. The findings showed that approaches namely process, genre, process-genre, process-product and product-based approaches were employed in ESL classrooms, of which the process approach was mostly employed in EFL teaching of writing in tertiary level in a flexible way.
IJARW, 2025
Omnichannel shopping has increasingly become a popular trend in consumer behavior, especially in ... more Omnichannel shopping has increasingly become a popular trend in consumer behavior, especially in major urban areas such as Ho Chi Minh City. This study aims to identify the factors influencing consumers' omnichannel shopping intention in Ho Chi Minh City, using a research model based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Data was collected from 400 consumers through online and offline surveys and analyzed using multiple regression methods. The results indicate that convenience, shopping experience, social influence, service quality, and perceived risk are the key factors affecting omnichannel shopping intention. Among these, convenience and shopping experience have the strongest impact.
IJARW, 2025
Omnichannel shopping has increasingly become a popular trend in consumer behavior, especially in ... more Omnichannel shopping has increasingly become a popular trend in consumer behavior, especially in major urban areas such as Ho Chi Minh City. This study aims to identify the factors influencing consumers' omnichannel shopping intention in Ho Chi Minh City, using a research model based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Data was collected from 400 consumers through online and offline surveys and analyzed using multiple regression methods. The results indicate that convenience, shopping experience, social influence, service quality, and perceived risk are the key factors affecting omnichannel shopping intention. Among these, convenience and shopping experience have the strongest impact.
IJARW, 2025
This study examines the digital transformation process in joint-stock commercial banks in Thai Ng... more This study examines the digital transformation process in joint-stock commercial banks in Thai Nguyen City, focusing on its impact on banking operations and customer satisfaction. Using a quantitative research approach, the study evaluates data from 500 surveyed customers to assess the development and effectiveness of digital banking services. Findings reveal that expanding digital payment methods, improving service quality, and modernizing technology have significantly contributed to banking digitalization. However, challenges such as transaction stability and security risks persist, necessitating further improvements. The research concludes that digital transformation positively impacts JSCBs' performance in Thai Nguyen City. Banks investing in technological innovation, digital services, and customer-centric approaches are better positioned for future success.
IJARW, 2025
Stress is one of the most prevalent conditions among university students, particularly those at t... more Stress is one of the most prevalent conditions among university students, particularly those at the University of Languages and International Studies-Thai Nguyen University. Contemporary students often face significant pressure from academic demands, family expectations, and social relationships. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of key factors contributing to student stress while also proposing effective interventions to mitigate its impact. These findings hold great significance in assisting students in overcoming challenges and optimizing their academic performance in the modern university environment.
IJARW, 2025
The integration of digital repository systems (DRS) in libraries has reformed information access ... more The integration of digital repository systems (DRS) in libraries has reformed information access and management, fostering higher levels of professional engagement among librarians. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Digital Repository System (DRS) and its associated training within the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM), particularly in relation to librarians' engagement levels. Utilizing a descriptive-correlational research design, 58 librarians from BARMM participated in the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman's Rho correlation analysis. Findings indicated that the DRS was highly rated in functionality, efficiency, reliability, and usefulness, emphasizing its effectiveness in supporting research and document retrieval. The usefulness dimension received the highest rating, highlighting the system's relevance to users' needs. DRS training was also evaluated positively, with participants expressing satisfaction with the quality, relevance, and delivery of the training content. While the training environment was conducive to learning. Librarians demonstrated high levels of cognitive, affective, and behavioral engagement, reflecting their active participation and enthusiasm in utilizing the DRS. A strong correlation was observed between the quality of the DRS and its training and the levels of librarian engagement, particularly in behavioral, affective, and cognitive domains. These findings underscore the critical role of robust systems and well-designed training programs in enhancing professional engagement. Hence, the DRS and its training effectively addressed librarians' professional needs, aligning with global best practices in digital information management. This study emphasizes the importance of leveraging technology and targeted training to empower librarians and ensure that library services remain responsive and innovative in the digital era.
IJARW, 2025
Public libraries play an important role in promoting cultural heritage, community awareness, and ... more Public libraries play an important role in promoting cultural heritage, community awareness, and information access. This descriptive-correlational study examines the implications of awareness and promotional activities of the Bangsamoro Library and Archives (BLA) on library users' satisfaction. Data from 50 participants comprising students, professionals, and community members, analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings reveal high awareness of Bangsamoro cultural heritage resources, driven by BLA's promotional initiatives in terms of library orientation, media campaigns, and exhibitions and displays. These activities effectively foster cultural appreciation and engagement, with a strong positive correlation between awareness and satisfaction. The study underscores the importance of promotional strategies in bridging gaps between heritage awareness and user satisfaction. Recommendations include enhancing strategies, leveraging innovative technologies, and fostering collaborations to strengthen BLA's role in cultural heritage advocacy. By addressing the research gap, this research contributes to sustainable cultural development and supports SDG 4-ensuring inclusive, equitable education and lifelong learning for all.
IJARW, 2024
The textile industry in Vietnam is one of the largest industries and has a profound impact on the... more The textile industry in Vietnam is one of the largest industries and has a profound impact on the national economy. However, the rapid growth of this sector also leads to increasing environmental issues, such as water pollution, emissions, and plastic waste. To address these problems and ensure sustainable development, green credit has become an important financial tool. This study will analyze the role of green credit in Vietnam's textile industry, the opportunities and challenges the sector faces when implementing green credit, as well as the support solutions to optimize the use of green credit for the sustainable development of the industry.
IJARW, 2025
Identifying trustworthy sources necessitates sound grasp of information and good cognitive skills... more Identifying trustworthy sources necessitates sound grasp of information and good cognitive skills. This study aimed to examine the relationship between information literacy skills and critical thinking strategies for judging the reliability of internet sources among 500 students selected at random. Using a descriptive correlation design, the study investigated how these abilities and tactics affect students' ability to evaluate the accuracy, relevance, and reliability of online materials. The research is based on the Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) framework and UNESCO's Digital Literacy Global Framework, focusing on key aspects of information literacy such as source evaluation, content analysis, and ethical information use, as well as critical thinking strategies that facilitate logical reasoning and evidence-based assessments. Findings reveal that both information literacy skills and critical thinking processes play an important role in evaluating the reliability of online sources. Students who have strong competences in these areas are better able to recognize misinformation, assess biases, and verify the legitimacy of sources. This highlights the importance of incorporating thorough training in information literacy and critical thinking methods into the academic curricula to prepare students to navigate the difficulties of the digital environment. The study can help educators, librarians, and legislators build courses that promote digital literacy and critical thinking by emphasizing the need of preparing students to be knowledgeable digital citizens who can make wise judgments in both academic and real-world settings.
IJARW, 2025
Librarians play a crucial role in the constantly evolving discipline of information management, s... more Librarians play a crucial role in the constantly evolving discipline of information management, serving as curators of knowledge. Librarians are not only responsible for organizing books and learning resources but they provide services to library users by serving as reference experts through their advanced bibliographic knowledge. This study aimed to determine the influence of solo librarians' skills and digital resource quality on the satisfaction of library users. The participants of the study were college students from selected higher education institutions in Misamis Oriental. The descriptivecorrelational method was employed and modified survey instruments were used for data gathering. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and regression. Findings revealed that librarians' skills and digital resource quality significantly influenced library users' satisfaction. Participants rated the librarians' skills as high in their communication, customer service, interpersonal, managing information services, and organization of library materials. It also revealed that librarian treats everyone with honesty, respect, and fairness got the highest satisfaction among the given indicators. Participants of the study also had high satisfaction with digital resource quality. This study reveals that the participants' assessment on solo librarians' skills and digital resource quality have significantly influenced their satisfaction. The study shows that librarians have a crucial role in providing information that contribute to library users' satisfaction. The study recommends that the school administrators continue honing the librarian skills through optimizing and expanding digital services and enhance their digital skills. Librarians are also encouraged to enhances user experience through personalized service and user feedback.
IJARW, 2025
Listening comprehension is viewed as a critical skill in language acquisition that significantly ... more Listening comprehension is viewed as a critical skill in language acquisition that significantly influences academic and communicative success. This study investigated the complex relationships between listening anxiety, attitude towards listening, and teachers' listening strategies and listening comprehension among 9th-grade students in a public high school in Pangantucan, Bukidnon, Philippines. This study employed a descriptive-correlational research design. It utilized adapted instruments including the Foreign Language Listening Anxiety Scale, Listening Attitude Scale, Teachers' Listening Strategy Questionnaire, and the TOEFL Junior Standard Test. A total of 301 participants were surveyed using random sampling techniques. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Most students demonstrated low-intermediate listening comprehension skills, indicating substantial room for improvement. The findings revealed moderate levels of listening anxiety, with worry and anticipatory fear showing the highest intensity. Students demonstrated a high positive attitude towards listening, particularly recognizing its necessity and individual learning differences. Teachers' listening strategies were evaluated as generally highly effective across metacognitive, cognitive, and social/affective dimensions. The study found that emotionality was the dimension of listening anxiety with a statistically significant negative correlation with listening comprehension. Grounded in Krashen's Affective Filter Hypothesis and Piaget's Schema Theory, the research underscores the critical role of emotionality as a component of listening anxiety in listening comprehension skills. The findings highlight the need for educational approaches that address psychological barriers, create supportive learning environments, and provide differentiated instruction to enhance students' listening comprehension skills. Future research may continue exploring innovative strategies to mitigate listening anxiety and develop comprehensive, learner-centered approaches to listening skill development.
IJARW, 2025
Libraries play an important role in supporting academic success of the criminology students. With... more Libraries play an important role in supporting academic success of the criminology students. With the evolving demands in the field of criminology students, understanding how library services and utilization of resources contribute to the student engagement is essential. This study investigated the influence of library services and the utilization of library resources on the library engagement of criminology students at a private higher education institution in Tandag City, Surigao del Sur. Employing a descriptive-correlational design, data were collected through surveys from 218 second to fourth-year criminology students during the first semester of S.Y 2024-2025. Results revealed high ratings for library services, particularly resource availability and staff support, underscoring their critical role in academic growth. Print resources were the most utilized. Technological tools, especially internet access, received high utilization ratings. Regression analysis showed that library services and resource utilization significantly influenced library engagement. Findings highlight the need to continuously update collections, improve access to non-print resources, and provide training for their use. Recommendations include enhancing book collections, organizing activities to foster engagement, and exploring additional factors affecting library engagement in future research. These initiatives aim to strengthen the library's role in promoting academic success and holistic student development, benefiting administrators, librarians, educators, and students alike.
IJARW, 2025
Baking has garnered renewed emphasis in educational curricula, recognized as both a creative outl... more Baking has garnered renewed emphasis in educational curricula, recognized as both a creative outlet and a valuable practical skill with diverse applications. This study investigated the influence of students' interest in baking and their exposure to baking on their performance in bread and pastry production, specifically focusing on pandesal and cookie making. Data were collected from 118 Grade 8 students at a public school in the Division of Malaybalay City. Descriptive-correlational analysis was utilized to interpret the collected data. The research used tools to assess key variables: students' interest in baking, their exposure to baking through various means (including video tutorials), and the effectiveness of TLE instructor instruction. Each tool was carefully selected and adapted to ensure accurate and reliable measurement of each variable. Based on established studies, some research tools were used specifically for this study. Results confirmed a significant influence of both interest and exposure on baking performance. However, exposure emerged as having the highest influence. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that exposure to baking highly influences their baking performance and, to a lesser extent, their interest in the said activity. To enhance students' baking skills, consistent hands-on practice is recommended as well as taking advantage of opportunities that can help to refine their skills and improve time management and cleanliness. Teachers are advised to provide regular feedback and employ diverse, real-world teaching strategies including the integration of technology to the teaching and learning process. Future research is encouraged to explore the long-term effects of various baking exposure methods and investigate innovative approaches to improve technical and instructional effectiveness.
IJARW, 2025
In an era where reading proficiency is crucial for academic success, Filipino students continue t... more In an era where reading proficiency is crucial for academic success, Filipino students continue to face challenges in reading comprehension, as evidenced by their performance in international assessments. This study investigated the influence of reading exposure, metacognitive strategies, and teachers' strategies on the reading comprehension skills of Grade 9 students in a public high school in Bukidnon, Philippines during SY 2024-2025. Employing a quantitative descriptive-correlational design, the study involved participants selected through random sampling. Data were collected using the Reading Literacy Questionnaire for EFL Learners, Metacognitive Awareness Inventory, and teacher strategies questionnaire, along with a reading comprehension assessment aligned with DepEd standards. Results revealed that students demonstrated high reading exposure levels, while metacognitive strategies showed varied proficiency, with monitoring understanding scoring highest among the dimensions. Teachers' strategies were rated moderately effective, and students performed at the instructional level in reading comprehension. Multiple regression analysis showed that reading exposure and metacognitive strategies significantly influenced reading comprehension skills, while teachers' strategies showed no direct impact. The study emphasizes the critical need for integrating diverse reading materials and metacognitive strategies into educational programs to improve reading comprehension skills among students. These findings suggest the need for comprehensive reading programs that integrate diverse reading materials with explicit metacognitive strategy instruction.
IJARW, 2025
Shocks are generally sudden, unexpected and high-impact events (Chishimba M. E., Wilson P. N., 20... more Shocks are generally sudden, unexpected and high-impact events (Chishimba M. E., Wilson P. N., 2021), the recurrence of which can have a multi-faceted impact on a household (health, housing, food, economy, education, social ties), requiring a holistic response from development stakeholders (Boubacar S. et al., 2017). Moreover, people who are socially and economically marginalised are proving to be the most affected by climate change (Beny et al., 2022). Given the increase in vulnerability, which is considered to be polysemous, multiscalar and multidimensional (Fabiani & Theys, 1987; Bogardi, 2004; Léone, 2007; Beccera, 2012), as evidenced by the failure of previous dominant paradigms (Revet S., 2011), a new concept emerged at the turn of the 2000s, which does not remain a panacea for life's disasters, but which is taking on a central role in Risk and Disaster Management, namely 'resilience'. Moreover, the lack of a clear generic definition in the face of the craze for it has created a complex semantic vagueness, which makes it difficult to operationalise (Reghezza M., 2020). Given that the "risk is systemic" (UNDRR, 2022), its impacts can affect the whole of social and economic life, as well as other existential risks, such as climate change and biodiversity loss. The appropriate definition for this purpose is that of the UNDRR as: "The capacity of a system, community or society exposed to hazards to resist, absorb, accommodate, adapt, transform and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely and effective manner, including through the preservation and restoration of its essential basic structures and functions through risk management". From this definition, then, given that resilience is also multifactorial (Lallau B., 2019), the effectiveness of its measurement depends on the indicators considered to measure it, depending on the scale considered. The methodology is based on the use and application of the Multidimensional Resilience Index (MRI) (Salava J. et al., 2021) to determine a community's level of resilience to disasters.
IJARW, 2025
The logistics industry after the Covid pandemic has received increasing attention and developed s... more The logistics industry after the Covid pandemic has received increasing attention and developed strongly both in the world and in Vietnam. As an emerging market in the logistics sector, Vietnam not only has its own advantages as a later developing market but also has certain limitations due to barriers in terms of incomplete legal conditions, human resources and difficulties in developing logistics infrastructure. This study aims to analyze the current situation and provide implications for solutions to remove the difficulties and obstacles mentioned in the current situation.
IJARW, 2024
The ultimate goal of this study was to determine the garbage disposal system of food establishmen... more The ultimate goal of this study was to determine the garbage disposal system of food establishment in Central Mindanao University. The purpose of this survey was to (1) Determine the demographic profile of the food establishments, (2) identify the current practices of garbage disposal in food establishments, and (3) to evaluate if there's a significant difference in the current practices of garbage disposal systems in food establishments in CMU when grouped according to profile. The research methodology is purposive sampling with a sample size of 10 food establishment owners. The study was specifically conducted at Central Mindanao University. A survey type of questionnaire was created with a total of 10. The questionnaires were meant to be analyzed using mean, frequency, and anova. The outcome of the survey indicated that most of the garbage disposal practices among food establishments at CMU is effective, including segregation of non-biodegradable waste and composting. Those establishments that have experienced more than six years proved to be efficient, using their experience and developed structure. The practice of separating non-biodegradable proved to be most effective compared to composting and even segregation of biodegradable and recyclable waste materials. Proper collection of garbage was reported, but sometimes there are challenges. The factors that most affect the practice include the years of operation, the availability of resources, and staff training.
IJARW, 2025
In the context of rapid and profound global changes driven by the Fourth Industrial Revolution an... more In the context of rapid and profound global changes driven by the Fourth Industrial Revolution and current technologies, communication is increasingly playing a pivotal role [in either promoting or restraining] all aspects of life. As a result, communication crises have become more frequent, with varying degrees and scopes, not only within business organizations but also in public administration agencies, presenting a new challenge for countries worldwide, including Viet Nam. In this paper, I aim to identify and analyze several factors that may lead to communication crises in public administration organizations in Viet Nam, while proposing effective crisis management solutions to help maintain stability and foster development within these agencies in Viet Nam.
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Papers by IJARW Research Publication