Papers by Hassan Heshmati
Pharmacogenomics and efficacy outcome of therapy with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes
Endocrine Abstracts
Waist-to-height ratio is a predictor of weight loss with Gelesis200 treatment for people with overweight or obesity having prediabetes or type 2 diabetes in the LIGHT-UP study
Endocrine Abstracts
Endocrine Practice
Objective: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pandemic with a prevalence of approximat... more Objective: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pandemic with a prevalence of approximately 25% among adult population worldwide. The highest prevalence is observed in the Middle East (32%) and the lowest prevalence in Africa (13%). NAFLD is a spectrum of liver disorders ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH is the aggressive form of NAFLD that can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. Although NAFLD is commonly associated with overweight and obesity, some NAFLD subjects are lean. The purpose of this review is to present an update on the prevalence, pathophysiology, and management of lean NAFLD subjects. Methods: A systematic search of literature was conducted using the search terms nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, lean, overweight, obesity, prevalence, pathophysiology, and management. Results: A meta-analysis of 84 studies including 10,530,308 subjects showed that in the general population, 5.1% of the subjects have lean NAFLD and within the NAFLD population, 19.2% of the subjects are lean. The prevalence of lean NAFLD is higher in the middle-aged individuals of Asian countries. The underlying pathophysiology of lean NAFLD is not fully understood. Genetic and environmental factors may predispose to lean NAFLD. Several studies have reported that lean NAFLD subjects have a greater proportion of the variant PNPLA3 allele. Lean NAFLD subjects have the same comorbidities in comparison to non-lean NAFLD subjects (e.g., hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia) and remain at risk for development of severe complications and high mortality. There are no specific treatments for lean NAFLD. While the first-line therapy of non-lean NAFLD is based on lifestyle intervention (diet and exercise) with a targeted weight loss of at least 7%, the relevance of diet and exercise in lean NAFLD is questionable. However, some lean NAFLD subjects may have visceral obesity not detected by body mass index (BMI) and can benefit from lifestyle intervention and weight loss. Also, exercise, independently of weight loss, may have a favorable impact. Discussion/Conclusion: Lean NAFLD is a distinct entity with several metabolic abnormalities. It represents a significant portion of subjects with NAFLD even after using an ethnicity-specific BMI criterion (cutoffs of 25 in Caucasian and 23 in Asian subjects, respectively). The pathogenesis of lean NAFLD may be very different than non-lean NAFLD. In the absence of overweight or obesity (as defined by BMI), lean NAFLD may remain underrecognized. The treatment of lean NAFLD is a medical challenge. Lifestyle intervention and weight loss can be beneficial in some subjects.
Hot Topics in Endocrinology and Metabolism [Working Title], 2021
A pandemic is an epidemic that spreads globally. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused a maj... more A pandemic is an epidemic that spreads globally. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused a major pandemic that affected human health and activities around the world since the beginning of 2020 and became a major international emergency. Through multiple paths, COVID-19 pandemic influenced life at individual, familial, societal, and environmental levels and led to a global economic recession. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus responsible for the disease. It invades the target cells by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Endocrine and metabolic systems can be implicated in COVID-19 infection. Subjects with several comorbidities (e.g., hypertension, diabetes, and obesity) are more likely to be infected and are at a higher risk for complications and death from COVID-19. Wearing mask, social distancing, home confinement, and isolation have been recommended and implemented in several countries to curb the spread of the outbreak. Va...
Mayo Clinic …, 1997
316 THYROGLOSSAL DUCT CARCINOMA Mayo Clin Proc, April 1997, Vol 72 When appropriate, multiple new... more 316 THYROGLOSSAL DUCT CARCINOMA Mayo Clin Proc, April 1997, Vol 72 When appropriate, multiple new sections from preserved gross specimens were prepared and reviewed. Criteria for inclusion in this study were clinical and operative evidence of a ...
Gut Microbiome Modulation in the Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Academia Letters, 2021
Update in Geriatrics, 2021
Long life is a topic of great interest in medicine and among the general public. The “successful ... more Long life is a topic of great interest in medicine and among the general public. The “successful aging” which is a high priority for individuals and societies, is aging without any disabilities and severe diseases. In several countries, the increase in life expectancy has led the very old to become the fastest growing segment of the population. Centenarians are subjects living 100 years or older. The majority of centenarians are females (female to male ratio around 3.6/1). A very small fraction of centenarians (up to 0.5%) will live 110 years or older (supercentenarians). Most centenarians have managed to avoid, postpone, or overcome the important age-related and life-threatening diseases and disabilities (e.g., ischemic heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, respiratory infection, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, and dementia). Some forecasts suggest that most babies born in developed countries since 2000 will become centenarians. In 2020, the number of...
Daily use of chemicals is an essential part of modern life. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs)... more Daily use of chemicals is an essential part of modern life. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a heterogeneous group of exogenous chemicals or chemical mixtures that interfere with the action of hormones and consequently cause adverse effects to humans and wildlife. The number of EDCs has markedly increased over the past 60 years. Humans are constantly exposed to hundreds of EDCs mainly through air, water, and food. Exposure to EDCs (in utero or lifetime) may be a significant component of the environmental origin of several medical conditions. The developing fetus and neonate are more sensitive than adults to perturbation by EDCs. The prenatal damage can cause adverse consequences later in life (developmental origins of adult disease). In many cases, the damage is irreversible. There is also a possibility of transgenerational effects. By interfering with hormonal functions, EDCs can contribute to a variety of dysfunctions and diseases including obesity, diabetes, reproductive...
Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2019
This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of Gelesis100, a novel, nonsystemic, superabsor... more This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of Gelesis100, a novel, nonsystemic, superabsorbent hydrogel to treat overweight or obesity.
Impact of Climate Change on Life
Air temperatures 1.37o F increase globally Seawater temperatures 0.18o F increase globally, oce... more Air temperatures 1.37o F increase globally Seawater temperatures 0.18o F increase globally, oceans have absorbed >80% of heat increases Sea level 0.56 ft. rise in the 20th century Extreme weather events increased droughts, heavy rains, heat waves and hurricanes Snow and ice melting decreased snow, sea ice, and glacier cover and thickness in the last half century Ocean Acidification rising acidity along the West Coast may be cause of decreased oyster farm production ________________________________________________________________________ Species are: Shifting and contracting their distributions Undergoing earlier seasonal changes Going extinct
Obesogens and obesity pandemic
Xanthomes cutanés, xanthelasma, hypobetalipoproteinémie. Association exceptionnelle de pathogénie indeterminée
Apport De L'Immunocytochimie a La Classification Des Adenomes Hypophysaires 1 300 Cas
Presse Medicale, 1994
Hypertension intra-crânienne bénigne et syndrome de Turner
Successful Long-Term Treatment of Hyponatremia in Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone ... more Successful Long-Term Treatment of Hyponatremia in Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion with Satavaptan (SR121463B), an Orally Active Nonpeptide Vasopressin V2-Receptor Antagonist Alain Soupart,* Peter Gross, Jean-Jacques Legros, Sándor Alföldi, Djillali Annane, Hassan M. Heshmati, and Guy Decaux ** *Department of Internal Medicine, Jolimont/Tubize-Nivelles Hospital, Tubize, Research Unit for the Study of Hydromineral Metabolism and **Department of General Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, and Department of Internal Medicine, Regional Hospital Center of Citadelle, Liege, Belgium; Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Care Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Szent Imre Kórház és Rendelöintézet I, Belgyógyászati Osztály, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Intensive Care Unit, Raymond Poincare Hospital, Garches, France; and Clinical Development, Sanofi-Aventis, Malvern, Pennsylvania
MON-112 Gelesis100 Reduces Insulin Resistance in Patients Who Are Overweight or Have Obesity with High Insulin Resistance: Results of the GLOW Study
Background: Overweight and obesity are predisposing conditions for the development of prediabetes... more Background: Overweight and obesity are predisposing conditions for the development of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance caused by excess adiposity is a key factor in this process. Methods: The effect of Gelesis100, a novel hydrogel, was assessed in patients who were overweight or had obesity, without antidiabetic medications, and who completed the Gelesis Loss Of Weight (GLOW; NCT02307279) study. GLOW was a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled pivotal study with patients randomized to 2.25 g of Gelesis100 or placebo in capsules taken with 500 mL of water before lunch and dinner while on a hypocaloric diet (-300 kcal/day) for 24 weeks. Insulin resistance was measured by homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and Logit models comparing Gelesis100 to placebo arms in 2 subgroups of patients based on baseline HOMA-IR (subgroup 1, HOMA-IR ≥ 3.0, subgroup 2, HOMA-IR < 3.0). Results: The overal...
CONTEXT Rimonabant, a selective cannabinoid-1 receptor blocker, may reduce body weight and improv... more CONTEXT Rimonabant, a selective cannabinoid-1 receptor blocker, may reduce body weight and improve cardiometabolic risk factors in patients who are overweight or obese. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of rimonabant with placebo each in conjunction with diet and exercise for sustained changes in weight and cardiometabolic risk factors over 2 years. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 3045 obese (body mass index > or =30) or overweight (body mass index >27 and treated or untreated hypertension or dyslipidemia) adult patients at 64 US and 8 Canadian clinical research centers from August 2001 to April 2004. INTERVENTION After a 4-week single-blind placebo plus diet (600 kcal/d deficit) run-in period, patients were randomized to receive placebo, 5 mg/d of rimonabant, or 20 mg/d of rimonabant for 1 year. Rimonabant-treated patients were rerandomized to receive placebo or continued to receive the same rimonabant dose wh...
Abstract #1003779: Impact of Glycemic Status and Antidiabetic Treatments on Body Weight in Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes
Overweight and obesity are major health concerns worldwide, and are major predisposing factors fo... more Overweight and obesity are major health concerns worldwide, and are major predisposing factors for type 2 diabetes. This single centre, Phase I, randomised, open-label, single-dose, four-arm crossover, device-drug interaction study on 24 healthy volunteers with a body mass index of 25-40 kg/m 2 tested the effect of a novel, non-systemic, orally administered hydrogel (GS100) on the pharmacokinetics of the oral antidiabetic drug, metformin. When administered in both the fed and fasted states, the effect of GS100 on metformin pharmacokinetic characteristics was found to be similar to that of food. The type, frequency, and intensity of adverse events observed when GS100 was co-administered with metformin were similar to those observed with metformin alone. This study demonstrates that GS100 can be taken by patients receiving metformin, without altering the administration of metformin.
Immunocytochimie des adénomes hypophysaires mixtes (hormone de croissance et prolactine) en double marquage
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Papers by Hassan Heshmati