Irma Yunita (istri) yang sel~ menyemangatiku untuk terus berikhtiar men~,restasi Aldi Azhar (anak... more Irma Yunita (istri) yang sel~ menyemangatiku untuk terus berikhtiar men~,restasi Aldi Azhar (anak) yang senantiasa m tak pernah penat untuk selalu berkarya
Increasing fish cultivation activity triggers negative impact on the environment. An effort likel... more Increasing fish cultivation activity triggers negative impact on the environment. An effort likely applied to cope with this problem is phytoremediation with aquaponics system. Aims of this study were to process organic waste from the cultivation of gouramy, and then the processed waste is utilized as a medium for growing romaine lettuce in recirculation systems and to compare the effectiveness of hydroponics-aquaponics recirculation system on romaine lettuce growth. Organic waste such as feed residuals and feces from the cultivation of gouramy could be processed with phytoremediation by romaine lettuce. The organic material after the process of decomposition could be utilized for romaine lettuce growth. Final weight of romaine lettuce was 90.16 ± 13.3 g for P4 (hydroponics), 89.4 ± 7.4 g for P2 (aquaponics with 10 romaine lettuce), and 85 ± 11.5 g for P3 (aquaponics with 20 romain lettuce). The highest daily growth (DGR) and relative growth (RGR) were P4 (hydroponics) of 0.056 ± 0.001 cm/day and 0.007 ± 0.002 g/day, respectively. Organic waste from the cultivation of gouramy can be processed with phytoremediation by romaine lettuce. Organic materials such as feed residuals and feces after the process of decomposition can be utilized for romaine lettuce growth. Meanwhile the highest daily growth (GR), specific growth (SGR) and survival rate (SR) of gouramy were P2 (aquaponics with 10 romaine lettuce) at 7.43 ± 1.77g/fish/day, 1.26 ± 0.12%/day, 100%, respectively. However, the best feed conversion ratio (FCR) was P3 (aquaponics with 20 romaine lettuce) of 0.59 ± 0.28.
This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of tamarind seeds as a natural coagulant in the tre... more This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of tamarind seeds as a natural coagulant in the treatment of traditional gold mine wastewater. Treatment dosage of tamarind seed powder included 0.3 g/L, 0.4 g/L and 0.5 g/L. Coagulant of tamarind seeds can lower concentration of TSS (24.32 ± 9.74%) and mercury (59.70 ± 33.33%). However, COD could not be lowered by tamarind seed powder, conversely even increased. The highest mercury levels decrease occurred at dose of 0.3 g/L, while the highest decrease of TSS existed at 0.4 g/L tamarind seed powder coagulant treatment. The use of tamarind seed coagulant for traditional gold mine waste water treatment was likely not so effective.
The rapid growth of water hyacinth in Cirata Reservoir becomes an issue that must be addressed, b... more The rapid growth of water hyacinth in Cirata Reservoir becomes an issue that must be addressed, because of disrupting the function of the reservoir as a power plant. Research on reduction of water hyacinth population using grass carp was performed on floating net in Cirata Reservoir, West Java, Indonesia. The number of fish stocked was 30 fishes per nets, fish average weight of 100 g/fish, 150 g/fish and 200 g/fish as treatment. Each treatment was triplicates. Hyacinth (root length of 10-15 cm and 10-15 cm height) was placed in the transect (1 x 1 m) made from PVC pipe. As much as 8000 g hyacinth was introduced in each transect. This introduction was repeated every week. Experiment lasted 4 weeks. The highest percentage of hyacinth biomass reduction (86.8 – 88.4 %) occurred on treatment of 30 fishes (size 200 g/fish). However, 100 g/fish was recommended for controlling the blooming of water hyacinth. The choice of 100 g/fish is based on the highest feeding rate (31.5-35.2%). However, since there is no regulation yet for the introduction of grass carp to the open water in Indonesia, the usage of this fish for biocontrol of aquatic weed has not yet been legally allowed.
The main problem of coastal waters in Indonesia is generally caused by anthropogenic activities t... more The main problem of coastal waters in Indonesia is generally caused by anthropogenic activities that promoting the accumulation of organic matters in sediments. It was well-known that organic matters in sediment might influence the macrozoobenthic communities. AMBI and M-AMBI are two recent developed indices which could be used to evaluate the health of soft bottom macrozoobenthic community and their ecological quality status. This present study was aimed to compare and evaluate the ecological status of macrozoobenthic communities in Tangerang coast (northern part of Java) and Palabuhanratu Bay (southern part of Java) based on AMBI and M-AMBI indices. This study was conducted in April-May 2013 in Tangerang coastal area, and in May 2016 in Palabuhanratu Bay. There are 18 sampling sites in the Tangerang coast, and 30 sampling sites in Palabuhanratu Bay. The results showed that the disturbance level of macrozoobenthos community in Palabuhanratu Bay based on AMBI analysis ranged from undisturbed to slightly disturbed, while in Tangerang coastal waters ranged from undisturbed to moderate disturbed. Ecological quality status based on the M-AMBI ranged from poor to high for both locations. The AMBI and M-AMBI indices showed that benthic environment in Palabuhanratu Bay was ecologically better than that inTangerang coastal waters.
Ciliwung is the biggest river in Jakarta. It is 119 km long with a catchment area of 476 km2. It ... more Ciliwung is the biggest river in Jakarta. It is 119 km long with a catchment area of 476 km2. It flows from Bogor Regency and crosses Bogor City, Depok City, and Jakarta before finally flowing into Java Sea through Jakarta Bay. The water quality in Ciliwung River has degraded. Many factors affect water quality. Understanding the relationship between land use and surface water quality is necessary for effective water management. It has been widely accepted that there is a close relationship between the land use type and water quality. This study aims to analyze the influence of various land use types on the water quality within the Ciliwung Watershed based on the water quality monitoring data and remote sensing data in 2010 and 2014. Water quality parameters exhibited significant variations between the urban-dominated and forest-dominated sites. The proportion of urban land was strongly positively associated with total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen concentrations. The result can provide scientific reference for the local land use optimization and water pollution control and guidance for the formulation of policies to coordinate the exploitation and protection of the water resource
The surface sediments were identified from west part of Java Sea to evaluate spatial distribution... more The surface sediments were identified from west part of Java Sea to evaluate spatial distribution and ecological risk potential of heavy metals (Hg, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn and Ni). The samples were taken from surface sediment (<0.5 m) in 26 m up to 80 m water depth with Eikman grab. The average material composition on sediment samples were clay (9.86%), sand (8.57%) and mud sand (81.57%). The analysis showed that Pb (11.2%), Cd (49.7%), and Ni (59.5%) exceeded of Probably Effect Level (PEL). Base on ecological risk analysis, Cd ( :300.64) and Cr ( :0.02) were categorized to high risk and low risk criteria. The ecological risk potential sequences of this study were Cd>Hg>Pb>Ni>Cu>As>Zn>Cr. Furthermore, the result of multivariate statistical analysis shows that correlation among heavy metals (As/Ni, Cd/Ni, and Cu/Zn) and heavy metals with Risk Index (Cd/Ri and Ni/Ri) had positive correlation in significance level p<0.05. Total variance of analysis factor was 80.04% and developed into 3 factors (eigenvalues >1). On the cluster analysis, Cd, Ni, Pb were identified as fairly high contaminations level (cluster 1), Hg as moderate contamination level (cluster 2) and Cu, Zn, Cr with lower contamination level (cluster 3).
Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, Feb 6, 2015
ABSTRACT Soft corals contain bioactive compounds that can be used as a marine natural product. Th... more ABSTRACT Soft corals contain bioactive compounds that can be used as a marine natural product. The puposes of this study was to determine of the soft corals inhibition potential for antibacterial activity. The methodology in this study included field sampling, extraction (in the solvent of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol), antibacterial bioassay, and briefly describe the type of soft coral that possesed the highest inhibition. In sampling treatment, the biomass among wet samples and dry samples varied. The highest shrinkage due to drying was found in Nephthea, followed by Lobophytum and Sarcophyton, while the lowest was found in the genus of Sinularia. Extracted from 12 samples of soft coral, the lowest extract weight was found in the semi-polar solvent (EtOAc), while the extract weight of n-Hex and MeOH was vary. Inhibition power from all extract samples was found on soft coral extract in the EtOAc and MeOH solvents. The highest value of inhibition power was found in soft coral of Sinularia polydactyla and S. Flexibilis within strong catogery. Keywords: bioactive compounds, Lobophytum, Nephthea, Sarcophyton, Sinularia, soft coral
A rapid interpretation of river water quality is a compulsory since river is a dynamic ecosystem,... more A rapid interpretation of river water quality is a compulsory since river is a dynamic ecosystem, influenced by various activities in the river bank. Hence a preliminary rapid river water quality status determination using pollution index on locations near IPB Dramaga Campus was simulated. Based on grab sampling on 5 sites in River Cihideung, River Ciapus, and Lake of PPLH, all water quality parameter met water quality standard class III for fisheries and animal husbandry as stipulated in Government Regulation No 82/2001. Application of water pollution index towards 5 sampling sites (selected by location map consideration) denotes good water quality status with water pollution index ranging from 0.728 to 0.892.
Spreading heavy metals in the water column may subsequently be accumulated in sediment because of... more Spreading heavy metals in the water column may subsequently be accumulated in sediment because of low solubility then become sensitivity indicator for aquatic organism. Ecological risk is assessed through the heavy metals concentration in the surface sediment. Sediment samples were grabbed from 20 stations in Mahakam Delta. Hakanson method was used to identify ecological potential risk of heavy metals pollution. The results showed that Zn (70.63 mg/kg), Cr (4.93 mg/kg), Cd (0.11 mg/kg) and Ni (33.48 mg/kg) exceeded Threshold Effect Level. Furthermore Ni exceeded Probable Effect Level. Ecological potential risk of heavy metals sequence was Pb&gt;As&gt;Cd&gt;Ni&gt;Zn&gt;Cr&gt;Cu. The criteria of ecological risk on Pb and as were considerable risk (Pb: 52.18 and As: 50.00 and the others were low risk. Moreover, the potential ecological risk sequence of study were 7 belonged to considerable risk, ST 12 was low risk and others location were medium risk. Heavy metals input in Mahakam Delta are possibly caused by human activities such as industrial, mining, household activities, and from natural process by erosion and natural water flow.
The Mahakam Delta typically consisting of several ecosystems has been identified as one of biodiv... more The Mahakam Delta typically consisting of several ecosystems has been identified as one of biodiversity hotspot in Kalimantan Island. In order to provide phytoplankton distribution, diversity and abundance data, a research on 4 stations representing delta plain (ST1) and delta front (ST2, ST3, ST4) was performed. The studies describe phytoplankton community existing in this region and multivariate analysis using correspondent analysis (CA). There were 48 taxa phytoplankton belonging to Bacillariophyceae (35), Dinophyceae (6), Chlorophyceae (4), and Cyanophyceae (3). The highest taxa occurred in ST3 with diversity index of 2.09, followed by ST2 (1.95), ST1 (1.15), and ST4 (0.9). Diversity index of ST3, ST2, and ST1 delta was categorized as moderate stable community, while ST4 was categorized as unstable community. Bacillariophyceae was not only as the highest diversity class but also as the highest abundance, recorded in ST3. The abundance class ranged 1.4x105 cell/m 3 to 2.2x106 cell/m 3. Generally, phytoplankton diversity and abundance in delta front was higher than that in delta plain. Human activities and physical process likely influenced diversity and abundance of phytoplankton in Delta Mahakam.
International Journal of Marine Science, Nov 10, 2014
This study is aimed to determine the differences of the soft corals between sheltered and exposed... more This study is aimed to determine the differences of the soft corals between sheltered and exposed area in Pongok Island, Soulth of Bangka and Tegal Island in Lampung Bay, Indonesia. The physical-chemical parameters of waters were measured in the field and laboratorium. Soft coral types and covers were measured using line intercept transect (LIT) and quadrant transects methods. Eigtht types of soft corals classified in four genera (Lobophytum, Nephthea, Sarcophyton and Sinularia) were found in both sites, six species were identified in the waters of South Bangka (at 9 meters depth) and two species (at 3 meters depth). In Tegal Island waters (closed waters), only 3 species from the genus Sinularia were recorded (at 2-5m depth). There were 2 stations at Pongok Island namely, PGK1 and PGK2, while in Tegal Island, there were 4 stations namely MCN1, TGL2, GSN3 dan LHK4. Coral diversity was considered as medium category, similarity indexes were low to moderate, except at PGK2 station was considered high, and for the level of dominance, there were no type of coral that dominates. Principal component analyses showed that both waters can be classified based on their physical-chemical characteristic, which were turbidity, temperature, depth, currents, phosphate, nitrate and substrate type.
Upper Citarum Watershed is critically threatened by LULCC especially due to rapid urbanization, f... more Upper Citarum Watershed is critically threatened by LULCC especially due to rapid urbanization, forest conversion and agricultural expansion. Such changes have degraded the watershed and significantly impacted on the water quality in the upper Citarum River. In order to prevent such degradation, periodic LULCC monitoring is paramount. This study employed GIS and RS techniques to detect LULCC in Upper Citarum Watershed between 1997 and 2014. The results revealed a significant change in the proportions of the various LULC types of the study area from the year
Accurate information of paddy fields over wide areas is essential to support sustainable agricult... more Accurate information of paddy fields over wide areas is essential to support sustainable agricultural and a food security program. Monitoring of these lands continuously, using remote sensing technology, will provide information related to the cropping intensity in the field, as well as its dynamics change. We characterized seasonal vegetation dynamics from long-term multi-temporal MODIS satellite datasets in order to determine cropping intensity and to analyze the dynamics change in paddy field of Java.
Irma Yunita (istri) yang sel~ menyemangatiku untuk terus berikhtiar men~,restasi Aldi Azhar (anak... more Irma Yunita (istri) yang sel~ menyemangatiku untuk terus berikhtiar men~,restasi Aldi Azhar (anak) yang senantiasa m tak pernah penat untuk selalu berkarya
Increasing fish cultivation activity triggers negative impact on the environment. An effort likel... more Increasing fish cultivation activity triggers negative impact on the environment. An effort likely applied to cope with this problem is phytoremediation with aquaponics system. Aims of this study were to process organic waste from the cultivation of gouramy, and then the processed waste is utilized as a medium for growing romaine lettuce in recirculation systems and to compare the effectiveness of hydroponics-aquaponics recirculation system on romaine lettuce growth. Organic waste such as feed residuals and feces from the cultivation of gouramy could be processed with phytoremediation by romaine lettuce. The organic material after the process of decomposition could be utilized for romaine lettuce growth. Final weight of romaine lettuce was 90.16 ± 13.3 g for P4 (hydroponics), 89.4 ± 7.4 g for P2 (aquaponics with 10 romaine lettuce), and 85 ± 11.5 g for P3 (aquaponics with 20 romain lettuce). The highest daily growth (DGR) and relative growth (RGR) were P4 (hydroponics) of 0.056 ± 0.001 cm/day and 0.007 ± 0.002 g/day, respectively. Organic waste from the cultivation of gouramy can be processed with phytoremediation by romaine lettuce. Organic materials such as feed residuals and feces after the process of decomposition can be utilized for romaine lettuce growth. Meanwhile the highest daily growth (GR), specific growth (SGR) and survival rate (SR) of gouramy were P2 (aquaponics with 10 romaine lettuce) at 7.43 ± 1.77g/fish/day, 1.26 ± 0.12%/day, 100%, respectively. However, the best feed conversion ratio (FCR) was P3 (aquaponics with 20 romaine lettuce) of 0.59 ± 0.28.
This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of tamarind seeds as a natural coagulant in the tre... more This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of tamarind seeds as a natural coagulant in the treatment of traditional gold mine wastewater. Treatment dosage of tamarind seed powder included 0.3 g/L, 0.4 g/L and 0.5 g/L. Coagulant of tamarind seeds can lower concentration of TSS (24.32 ± 9.74%) and mercury (59.70 ± 33.33%). However, COD could not be lowered by tamarind seed powder, conversely even increased. The highest mercury levels decrease occurred at dose of 0.3 g/L, while the highest decrease of TSS existed at 0.4 g/L tamarind seed powder coagulant treatment. The use of tamarind seed coagulant for traditional gold mine waste water treatment was likely not so effective.
The rapid growth of water hyacinth in Cirata Reservoir becomes an issue that must be addressed, b... more The rapid growth of water hyacinth in Cirata Reservoir becomes an issue that must be addressed, because of disrupting the function of the reservoir as a power plant. Research on reduction of water hyacinth population using grass carp was performed on floating net in Cirata Reservoir, West Java, Indonesia. The number of fish stocked was 30 fishes per nets, fish average weight of 100 g/fish, 150 g/fish and 200 g/fish as treatment. Each treatment was triplicates. Hyacinth (root length of 10-15 cm and 10-15 cm height) was placed in the transect (1 x 1 m) made from PVC pipe. As much as 8000 g hyacinth was introduced in each transect. This introduction was repeated every week. Experiment lasted 4 weeks. The highest percentage of hyacinth biomass reduction (86.8 – 88.4 %) occurred on treatment of 30 fishes (size 200 g/fish). However, 100 g/fish was recommended for controlling the blooming of water hyacinth. The choice of 100 g/fish is based on the highest feeding rate (31.5-35.2%). However, since there is no regulation yet for the introduction of grass carp to the open water in Indonesia, the usage of this fish for biocontrol of aquatic weed has not yet been legally allowed.
The main problem of coastal waters in Indonesia is generally caused by anthropogenic activities t... more The main problem of coastal waters in Indonesia is generally caused by anthropogenic activities that promoting the accumulation of organic matters in sediments. It was well-known that organic matters in sediment might influence the macrozoobenthic communities. AMBI and M-AMBI are two recent developed indices which could be used to evaluate the health of soft bottom macrozoobenthic community and their ecological quality status. This present study was aimed to compare and evaluate the ecological status of macrozoobenthic communities in Tangerang coast (northern part of Java) and Palabuhanratu Bay (southern part of Java) based on AMBI and M-AMBI indices. This study was conducted in April-May 2013 in Tangerang coastal area, and in May 2016 in Palabuhanratu Bay. There are 18 sampling sites in the Tangerang coast, and 30 sampling sites in Palabuhanratu Bay. The results showed that the disturbance level of macrozoobenthos community in Palabuhanratu Bay based on AMBI analysis ranged from undisturbed to slightly disturbed, while in Tangerang coastal waters ranged from undisturbed to moderate disturbed. Ecological quality status based on the M-AMBI ranged from poor to high for both locations. The AMBI and M-AMBI indices showed that benthic environment in Palabuhanratu Bay was ecologically better than that inTangerang coastal waters.
Ciliwung is the biggest river in Jakarta. It is 119 km long with a catchment area of 476 km2. It ... more Ciliwung is the biggest river in Jakarta. It is 119 km long with a catchment area of 476 km2. It flows from Bogor Regency and crosses Bogor City, Depok City, and Jakarta before finally flowing into Java Sea through Jakarta Bay. The water quality in Ciliwung River has degraded. Many factors affect water quality. Understanding the relationship between land use and surface water quality is necessary for effective water management. It has been widely accepted that there is a close relationship between the land use type and water quality. This study aims to analyze the influence of various land use types on the water quality within the Ciliwung Watershed based on the water quality monitoring data and remote sensing data in 2010 and 2014. Water quality parameters exhibited significant variations between the urban-dominated and forest-dominated sites. The proportion of urban land was strongly positively associated with total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen concentrations. The result can provide scientific reference for the local land use optimization and water pollution control and guidance for the formulation of policies to coordinate the exploitation and protection of the water resource
The surface sediments were identified from west part of Java Sea to evaluate spatial distribution... more The surface sediments were identified from west part of Java Sea to evaluate spatial distribution and ecological risk potential of heavy metals (Hg, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn and Ni). The samples were taken from surface sediment (<0.5 m) in 26 m up to 80 m water depth with Eikman grab. The average material composition on sediment samples were clay (9.86%), sand (8.57%) and mud sand (81.57%). The analysis showed that Pb (11.2%), Cd (49.7%), and Ni (59.5%) exceeded of Probably Effect Level (PEL). Base on ecological risk analysis, Cd ( :300.64) and Cr ( :0.02) were categorized to high risk and low risk criteria. The ecological risk potential sequences of this study were Cd>Hg>Pb>Ni>Cu>As>Zn>Cr. Furthermore, the result of multivariate statistical analysis shows that correlation among heavy metals (As/Ni, Cd/Ni, and Cu/Zn) and heavy metals with Risk Index (Cd/Ri and Ni/Ri) had positive correlation in significance level p<0.05. Total variance of analysis factor was 80.04% and developed into 3 factors (eigenvalues >1). On the cluster analysis, Cd, Ni, Pb were identified as fairly high contaminations level (cluster 1), Hg as moderate contamination level (cluster 2) and Cu, Zn, Cr with lower contamination level (cluster 3).
Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, Feb 6, 2015
ABSTRACT Soft corals contain bioactive compounds that can be used as a marine natural product. Th... more ABSTRACT Soft corals contain bioactive compounds that can be used as a marine natural product. The puposes of this study was to determine of the soft corals inhibition potential for antibacterial activity. The methodology in this study included field sampling, extraction (in the solvent of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol), antibacterial bioassay, and briefly describe the type of soft coral that possesed the highest inhibition. In sampling treatment, the biomass among wet samples and dry samples varied. The highest shrinkage due to drying was found in Nephthea, followed by Lobophytum and Sarcophyton, while the lowest was found in the genus of Sinularia. Extracted from 12 samples of soft coral, the lowest extract weight was found in the semi-polar solvent (EtOAc), while the extract weight of n-Hex and MeOH was vary. Inhibition power from all extract samples was found on soft coral extract in the EtOAc and MeOH solvents. The highest value of inhibition power was found in soft coral of Sinularia polydactyla and S. Flexibilis within strong catogery. Keywords: bioactive compounds, Lobophytum, Nephthea, Sarcophyton, Sinularia, soft coral
A rapid interpretation of river water quality is a compulsory since river is a dynamic ecosystem,... more A rapid interpretation of river water quality is a compulsory since river is a dynamic ecosystem, influenced by various activities in the river bank. Hence a preliminary rapid river water quality status determination using pollution index on locations near IPB Dramaga Campus was simulated. Based on grab sampling on 5 sites in River Cihideung, River Ciapus, and Lake of PPLH, all water quality parameter met water quality standard class III for fisheries and animal husbandry as stipulated in Government Regulation No 82/2001. Application of water pollution index towards 5 sampling sites (selected by location map consideration) denotes good water quality status with water pollution index ranging from 0.728 to 0.892.
Spreading heavy metals in the water column may subsequently be accumulated in sediment because of... more Spreading heavy metals in the water column may subsequently be accumulated in sediment because of low solubility then become sensitivity indicator for aquatic organism. Ecological risk is assessed through the heavy metals concentration in the surface sediment. Sediment samples were grabbed from 20 stations in Mahakam Delta. Hakanson method was used to identify ecological potential risk of heavy metals pollution. The results showed that Zn (70.63 mg/kg), Cr (4.93 mg/kg), Cd (0.11 mg/kg) and Ni (33.48 mg/kg) exceeded Threshold Effect Level. Furthermore Ni exceeded Probable Effect Level. Ecological potential risk of heavy metals sequence was Pb&gt;As&gt;Cd&gt;Ni&gt;Zn&gt;Cr&gt;Cu. The criteria of ecological risk on Pb and as were considerable risk (Pb: 52.18 and As: 50.00 and the others were low risk. Moreover, the potential ecological risk sequence of study were 7 belonged to considerable risk, ST 12 was low risk and others location were medium risk. Heavy metals input in Mahakam Delta are possibly caused by human activities such as industrial, mining, household activities, and from natural process by erosion and natural water flow.
The Mahakam Delta typically consisting of several ecosystems has been identified as one of biodiv... more The Mahakam Delta typically consisting of several ecosystems has been identified as one of biodiversity hotspot in Kalimantan Island. In order to provide phytoplankton distribution, diversity and abundance data, a research on 4 stations representing delta plain (ST1) and delta front (ST2, ST3, ST4) was performed. The studies describe phytoplankton community existing in this region and multivariate analysis using correspondent analysis (CA). There were 48 taxa phytoplankton belonging to Bacillariophyceae (35), Dinophyceae (6), Chlorophyceae (4), and Cyanophyceae (3). The highest taxa occurred in ST3 with diversity index of 2.09, followed by ST2 (1.95), ST1 (1.15), and ST4 (0.9). Diversity index of ST3, ST2, and ST1 delta was categorized as moderate stable community, while ST4 was categorized as unstable community. Bacillariophyceae was not only as the highest diversity class but also as the highest abundance, recorded in ST3. The abundance class ranged 1.4x105 cell/m 3 to 2.2x106 cell/m 3. Generally, phytoplankton diversity and abundance in delta front was higher than that in delta plain. Human activities and physical process likely influenced diversity and abundance of phytoplankton in Delta Mahakam.
International Journal of Marine Science, Nov 10, 2014
This study is aimed to determine the differences of the soft corals between sheltered and exposed... more This study is aimed to determine the differences of the soft corals between sheltered and exposed area in Pongok Island, Soulth of Bangka and Tegal Island in Lampung Bay, Indonesia. The physical-chemical parameters of waters were measured in the field and laboratorium. Soft coral types and covers were measured using line intercept transect (LIT) and quadrant transects methods. Eigtht types of soft corals classified in four genera (Lobophytum, Nephthea, Sarcophyton and Sinularia) were found in both sites, six species were identified in the waters of South Bangka (at 9 meters depth) and two species (at 3 meters depth). In Tegal Island waters (closed waters), only 3 species from the genus Sinularia were recorded (at 2-5m depth). There were 2 stations at Pongok Island namely, PGK1 and PGK2, while in Tegal Island, there were 4 stations namely MCN1, TGL2, GSN3 dan LHK4. Coral diversity was considered as medium category, similarity indexes were low to moderate, except at PGK2 station was considered high, and for the level of dominance, there were no type of coral that dominates. Principal component analyses showed that both waters can be classified based on their physical-chemical characteristic, which were turbidity, temperature, depth, currents, phosphate, nitrate and substrate type.
Upper Citarum Watershed is critically threatened by LULCC especially due to rapid urbanization, f... more Upper Citarum Watershed is critically threatened by LULCC especially due to rapid urbanization, forest conversion and agricultural expansion. Such changes have degraded the watershed and significantly impacted on the water quality in the upper Citarum River. In order to prevent such degradation, periodic LULCC monitoring is paramount. This study employed GIS and RS techniques to detect LULCC in Upper Citarum Watershed between 1997 and 2014. The results revealed a significant change in the proportions of the various LULC types of the study area from the year
Accurate information of paddy fields over wide areas is essential to support sustainable agricult... more Accurate information of paddy fields over wide areas is essential to support sustainable agricultural and a food security program. Monitoring of these lands continuously, using remote sensing technology, will provide information related to the cropping intensity in the field, as well as its dynamics change. We characterized seasonal vegetation dynamics from long-term multi-temporal MODIS satellite datasets in order to determine cropping intensity and to analyze the dynamics change in paddy field of Java.
o Increasing fish cultivation triggers negative impact on the environment. o Plants and bacteria ... more o Increasing fish cultivation triggers negative impact on the environment. o Plants and bacteria in aquaponic system play an important role in processing of nitrogenous wastes. Treatment with romaine lettuce and the addition of bacteria (Nitrobacter sp. and Nitrosomonas sp.) showed better results than the control, and treatment of romaine lettuce without the addition of bacteria. o Aquaponic system was able to decrease the inorganic nitrogen of 91.50%, 34.41%, 22.86%, and 49.74% for ammonia, ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite, respectively.
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