In light of the growing use of tablets for news reading and mobile news consumption behaviors, th... more In light of the growing use of tablets for news reading and mobile news consumption behaviors, this study examined whether an innovative way of structuring news on the tablet that mimics mobile news behaviors reinforced attention for, and learning from, news. Specifically, it was theorized that the chronological and associative structuring of news articles into so-called developing news stories would lead to more attention for news, and better recall and comprehension of news, than the linear print newspaper structure that newspaper publishers continue to copy from print to tablet. A multiple-day experiment was set up using the eye-tracking method to measure and control for attention. The results show that the developing news structure increased comprehension of news substantively, independently of attention effects; no effects were found on attention and factual recall.
The aim of the present study is to examine, on the one hand, whether adult television viewers' ch... more The aim of the present study is to examine, on the one hand, whether adult television viewers' choices are influenced by their childhood experience (i.e., their parents' viewing choices) and, on the other hand, whether their choices are influenced by their current context (e.g., their partners' choices). The sample consists of 844 heterosexual couples. Genre choices made by each respondent's parents (when the respondent was 15 years old) were measured using retrospective questions about exposure to two genres: television news and soap series. Meanwhile, genre choices made by each respondent's partners were collected using self-reported questions about news and soaps. structural equation modelling was used to analyze the data. The results show that, first, adult television viewers' choices are predicted by their parents' choices that the respondents experienced when they were about 15 years old. Second, male partners have more influence on their female partners' television choices than the other way around. Third, both intergenerational and inter-partner influences on television choices are exerted through the preferences of the present household members.
Page 1. a cura di Piermarco Aroldi gioco delle regole tutela dei minori in sei paesi europei Page... more Page 1. a cura di Piermarco Aroldi gioco delle regole tutela dei minori in sei paesi europei Page 2. Page 3. ... Page 4. Page 5. CONTRIBUTI a cura di Piermarco Aroldi Il gioco delle regole Tv e tutela dei minori in sei paesi europei W STRUMENTI Page 6. ...
Go Figure! New Directions in Advertising Rhetoric, 2014
... ads. Confirming the finding of van Mulken, van Enschot, and Hoeken (2005), the negative relatio... more ... ads. Confirming the finding of van Mulken, van Enschot, and Hoeken (2005), the negative relation of openness with Aad did not change into a positive relation, but only changed in strength, be-coming less negative. Even when ...
This paper is a description of the first step in a research project aiming at the development of ... more This paper is a description of the first step in a research project aiming at the development of an instrument to measure media literacy. Media literacy is concerned with the extent to which people are critical media users. Although media literacy has been a popular research topic for several decades, no attempt has yet been made to develop an instrument with which one can measure the level of media literacy of the general population. In light of the increasing importance of the media in our daily lives, finding out the extent to which people appraise the media in a critical manner is worthwhile. This paper describes the first step towards the creation of such an instrument; the reconceptualization of media literacy. Why media literacy? The importance of media literacy is related to the assumption that the media are institutions which play a large role in people's lives. This role becomes apparent on both the individual and societal level. The role of the media on an individual level First of all, research has shown that people spend a large amount of time using the media. People are bombarded with thousands of mediated messages every day, and children grow up in a world saturated with media messages (Dorr, Browne Graves & Phelps, 1980). An example of this research is a survey carried out in the U.S. on behalf of the Kaiser Family Foundation among 2065 children. This study found that children between the ages of 8 and 18 spent 6 hours and 32 minutes per day using the media (Roberts, Foehr, Hideout & Brodie, 1999). Second, people are likely to obtain most if not all of their knowledge about aspects of the world not directly accessible to them from the media (Alvardo & Boyd-Bärrett, 1992; Robinson & Levy, 1996). The media thus seem to have the power to shape people's ideas about and opinions on subjects with which people have had no direct experience. Additionally, research has discovered that the portrayal of people, events and situations in the media is usually far from unbiased and objective (Entman, 1989). Hence one can conclude that the Communications 26 (2001) 4 465 Brought to you by | HEC Bibliotheque Maryriam ET J.
A survey study was conducted to explore the frequency with which students use background media in... more A survey study was conducted to explore the frequency with which students use background media in self-instructional home study settings, and the perceived effects of students' use of background media on their homework performance. A questionnaire administered to 1,700 students in ...
The AA. explore the media experience (ie, media use and perception) of ethnic minorities living i... more The AA. explore the media experience (ie, media use and perception) of ethnic minorities living in The Netherlands. Members of four ethnic groups were interviewed: Turks, Moroccans, Surinamers and Antilleans/Arubans. Each group was subdivided into three age categories: 15 to 20 ...
ABSTRACTTelevision viewing is an important leisure activity for older adults. The aim of the curr... more ABSTRACTTelevision viewing is an important leisure activity for older adults. The aim of the current study is to provide insight into the meanings of television in older adults' lives, by analysing change and continuity in their television viewing. A qualitative study was conducted that included in-depth interviews on television viewing among a diverse sample of Dutch people aged 65 years and older (N=86). The interview study shows that television has a variety of meanings for older adults. The meanings of television viewing changed in response to changes in everyday life, but this did not happen unidirectionally. Retirement, physical changes and changes in household composition led to increases as well as decreases in television viewing. Watching more television was experienced in both positive and negative ways. After a loss in the interpersonal sphere, television viewing can play a valuable role in adaptation processes, but it was also experienced as an activity that needs to...
This study aimed at answering the question whether preferences for negative content and a tabloid... more This study aimed at answering the question whether preferences for negative content and a tabloid production style in television news stories vary with different age groups and gender. An experiment with 288 participants was conducted. As expected, results showed that age and gender moderated the influence of negative content and tabloid packaging on the viewers’ preferences. Compared with middle-aged and older viewers, young viewers had a stronger preference for negative content rather than neutral content. Preferences for tabloid packaging rather than standard packaging were stronger for men than for women.
Abstract In recent decades magazine advertisers have used an increasing number of highly visual o... more Abstract In recent decades magazine advertisers have used an increasing number of highly visual open ads. Open ads do not guide consumers toward a specific interpretation as traditional ads do. An experiment was carried out to establish the effects of openness on interpretation. As expected, openness was found to have an overall negative effect on interpretation because more consumers were unable to interpret open ads and were not able to create their intended interpretation. Contrary to our expectations, however, we did not establish a higher number of alternative interpretations for open ads.
Abstract An exploratory study was carried out to investigate the relative effectiveness of news s... more Abstract An exploratory study was carried out to investigate the relative effectiveness of news stories watched on television and news stories read by children. Children aged 10 to 12 (n= 123) either watched five news stories or read print versions of the same news ...
This study describes the changes over time in the portrayal of sociocultural characteristics; nam... more This study describes the changes over time in the portrayal of sociocultural characteristics; namely gender, age, ethnicity, religious outlook, family unit, violence experienced, living conditions, and cultural values in Indonesian children's television programs. Using systematic-quantitative content analysis of popular locally produced Indonesian children's television programs in the 1980s and the 2000s, this study found that all socio-cultural characteristics changed over time, except for gender representation with male actors consistently outnumbering female actors. There were some predominant socio-cultural characteristics in the 1980s, the era of authoritarian broadcasting system in Indonesia: most of the major characters were children and preteens, from Western Indonesia, not showing religious symbols or practices, having more than one sibling, and the majority of the adult characters were married. In the 2000s, the era of liberal broadcasting system, major characters were children and teens, showing certain religious symbols, having no or only one sibling, and the majority of the adult characters were single. Indonesian children's television brought certain cultural values to the fore for their young audiences to identify themselves with: self-direction and benevolence.
Although a series of studies have shown that television viewing can have adverse effects on young... more Although a series of studies have shown that television viewing can have adverse effects on young people’s academic performance (Comstock & Paik, 1991), little is known about the processes by which television may hinder students’ academic achievement. One possible explanation is that television distracts students from homework because they do their home study in front of an operating television screen. Whereas pre-television generations of students could chose to combine doing homework with audio media, nowadays students may also combine their homework with television. According to a U.S. survey, secondary school students frequently combine doing homework with the use of background media, either television or audio media — radio, compact discs, and audio cassettes (Patton, Stinard & Routh, 1983). To our knowledge, there are no reliable data about the frequency with which European students combine doing homework with background media.
In light of the growing use of tablets for news reading and mobile news consumption behaviors, th... more In light of the growing use of tablets for news reading and mobile news consumption behaviors, this study examined whether an innovative way of structuring news on the tablet that mimics mobile news behaviors reinforced attention for, and learning from, news. Specifically, it was theorized that the chronological and associative structuring of news articles into so-called developing news stories would lead to more attention for news, and better recall and comprehension of news, than the linear print newspaper structure that newspaper publishers continue to copy from print to tablet. A multiple-day experiment was set up using the eye-tracking method to measure and control for attention. The results show that the developing news structure increased comprehension of news substantively, independently of attention effects; no effects were found on attention and factual recall.
The aim of the present study is to examine, on the one hand, whether adult television viewers' ch... more The aim of the present study is to examine, on the one hand, whether adult television viewers' choices are influenced by their childhood experience (i.e., their parents' viewing choices) and, on the other hand, whether their choices are influenced by their current context (e.g., their partners' choices). The sample consists of 844 heterosexual couples. Genre choices made by each respondent's parents (when the respondent was 15 years old) were measured using retrospective questions about exposure to two genres: television news and soap series. Meanwhile, genre choices made by each respondent's partners were collected using self-reported questions about news and soaps. structural equation modelling was used to analyze the data. The results show that, first, adult television viewers' choices are predicted by their parents' choices that the respondents experienced when they were about 15 years old. Second, male partners have more influence on their female partners' television choices than the other way around. Third, both intergenerational and inter-partner influences on television choices are exerted through the preferences of the present household members.
Page 1. a cura di Piermarco Aroldi gioco delle regole tutela dei minori in sei paesi europei Page... more Page 1. a cura di Piermarco Aroldi gioco delle regole tutela dei minori in sei paesi europei Page 2. Page 3. ... Page 4. Page 5. CONTRIBUTI a cura di Piermarco Aroldi Il gioco delle regole Tv e tutela dei minori in sei paesi europei W STRUMENTI Page 6. ...
Go Figure! New Directions in Advertising Rhetoric, 2014
... ads. Confirming the finding of van Mulken, van Enschot, and Hoeken (2005), the negative relatio... more ... ads. Confirming the finding of van Mulken, van Enschot, and Hoeken (2005), the negative relation of openness with Aad did not change into a positive relation, but only changed in strength, be-coming less negative. Even when ...
This paper is a description of the first step in a research project aiming at the development of ... more This paper is a description of the first step in a research project aiming at the development of an instrument to measure media literacy. Media literacy is concerned with the extent to which people are critical media users. Although media literacy has been a popular research topic for several decades, no attempt has yet been made to develop an instrument with which one can measure the level of media literacy of the general population. In light of the increasing importance of the media in our daily lives, finding out the extent to which people appraise the media in a critical manner is worthwhile. This paper describes the first step towards the creation of such an instrument; the reconceptualization of media literacy. Why media literacy? The importance of media literacy is related to the assumption that the media are institutions which play a large role in people's lives. This role becomes apparent on both the individual and societal level. The role of the media on an individual level First of all, research has shown that people spend a large amount of time using the media. People are bombarded with thousands of mediated messages every day, and children grow up in a world saturated with media messages (Dorr, Browne Graves & Phelps, 1980). An example of this research is a survey carried out in the U.S. on behalf of the Kaiser Family Foundation among 2065 children. This study found that children between the ages of 8 and 18 spent 6 hours and 32 minutes per day using the media (Roberts, Foehr, Hideout & Brodie, 1999). Second, people are likely to obtain most if not all of their knowledge about aspects of the world not directly accessible to them from the media (Alvardo & Boyd-Bärrett, 1992; Robinson & Levy, 1996). The media thus seem to have the power to shape people's ideas about and opinions on subjects with which people have had no direct experience. Additionally, research has discovered that the portrayal of people, events and situations in the media is usually far from unbiased and objective (Entman, 1989). Hence one can conclude that the Communications 26 (2001) 4 465 Brought to you by | HEC Bibliotheque Maryriam ET J.
A survey study was conducted to explore the frequency with which students use background media in... more A survey study was conducted to explore the frequency with which students use background media in self-instructional home study settings, and the perceived effects of students' use of background media on their homework performance. A questionnaire administered to 1,700 students in ...
The AA. explore the media experience (ie, media use and perception) of ethnic minorities living i... more The AA. explore the media experience (ie, media use and perception) of ethnic minorities living in The Netherlands. Members of four ethnic groups were interviewed: Turks, Moroccans, Surinamers and Antilleans/Arubans. Each group was subdivided into three age categories: 15 to 20 ...
ABSTRACTTelevision viewing is an important leisure activity for older adults. The aim of the curr... more ABSTRACTTelevision viewing is an important leisure activity for older adults. The aim of the current study is to provide insight into the meanings of television in older adults' lives, by analysing change and continuity in their television viewing. A qualitative study was conducted that included in-depth interviews on television viewing among a diverse sample of Dutch people aged 65 years and older (N=86). The interview study shows that television has a variety of meanings for older adults. The meanings of television viewing changed in response to changes in everyday life, but this did not happen unidirectionally. Retirement, physical changes and changes in household composition led to increases as well as decreases in television viewing. Watching more television was experienced in both positive and negative ways. After a loss in the interpersonal sphere, television viewing can play a valuable role in adaptation processes, but it was also experienced as an activity that needs to...
This study aimed at answering the question whether preferences for negative content and a tabloid... more This study aimed at answering the question whether preferences for negative content and a tabloid production style in television news stories vary with different age groups and gender. An experiment with 288 participants was conducted. As expected, results showed that age and gender moderated the influence of negative content and tabloid packaging on the viewers’ preferences. Compared with middle-aged and older viewers, young viewers had a stronger preference for negative content rather than neutral content. Preferences for tabloid packaging rather than standard packaging were stronger for men than for women.
Abstract In recent decades magazine advertisers have used an increasing number of highly visual o... more Abstract In recent decades magazine advertisers have used an increasing number of highly visual open ads. Open ads do not guide consumers toward a specific interpretation as traditional ads do. An experiment was carried out to establish the effects of openness on interpretation. As expected, openness was found to have an overall negative effect on interpretation because more consumers were unable to interpret open ads and were not able to create their intended interpretation. Contrary to our expectations, however, we did not establish a higher number of alternative interpretations for open ads.
Abstract An exploratory study was carried out to investigate the relative effectiveness of news s... more Abstract An exploratory study was carried out to investigate the relative effectiveness of news stories watched on television and news stories read by children. Children aged 10 to 12 (n= 123) either watched five news stories or read print versions of the same news ...
This study describes the changes over time in the portrayal of sociocultural characteristics; nam... more This study describes the changes over time in the portrayal of sociocultural characteristics; namely gender, age, ethnicity, religious outlook, family unit, violence experienced, living conditions, and cultural values in Indonesian children's television programs. Using systematic-quantitative content analysis of popular locally produced Indonesian children's television programs in the 1980s and the 2000s, this study found that all socio-cultural characteristics changed over time, except for gender representation with male actors consistently outnumbering female actors. There were some predominant socio-cultural characteristics in the 1980s, the era of authoritarian broadcasting system in Indonesia: most of the major characters were children and preteens, from Western Indonesia, not showing religious symbols or practices, having more than one sibling, and the majority of the adult characters were married. In the 2000s, the era of liberal broadcasting system, major characters were children and teens, showing certain religious symbols, having no or only one sibling, and the majority of the adult characters were single. Indonesian children's television brought certain cultural values to the fore for their young audiences to identify themselves with: self-direction and benevolence.
Although a series of studies have shown that television viewing can have adverse effects on young... more Although a series of studies have shown that television viewing can have adverse effects on young people’s academic performance (Comstock & Paik, 1991), little is known about the processes by which television may hinder students’ academic achievement. One possible explanation is that television distracts students from homework because they do their home study in front of an operating television screen. Whereas pre-television generations of students could chose to combine doing homework with audio media, nowadays students may also combine their homework with television. According to a U.S. survey, secondary school students frequently combine doing homework with the use of background media, either television or audio media — radio, compact discs, and audio cassettes (Patton, Stinard & Routh, 1983). To our knowledge, there are no reliable data about the frequency with which European students combine doing homework with background media.
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