Papers by Haji K H A M I S Mjaka
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 2009
iazinon is widely and effectively used in agriculture as well as in domestic and aquaculture aspe... more iazinon is widely and effectively used in agriculture as well as in domestic and aquaculture aspects. As a result of its widespread application, its ecotoxicity study is needed to determine its effects on the aquatic organisms and its potential impact as an environmental contaminant. In this study, the half lethal concentration (LC 50) of diazinon for Clarias gariepinus was calculated. Diazinon toxicity was evaluated through acute and chronic exposures of fish to 1/2 and 1/10 the calculated LC 50 for 1w & 6 w respectively. Results showed that the LC 50 /96h was 5.98 ppm. The effects of both acute and chronic exposures revealed clinical abnormalities in the form of nervous and respiratory disorders manifested by erratic swimming and/or circling, rapid opercular movements and abnormal skin pigmentation that appeared in the form of skin fading. A significant increase in cortisol, glucose, AST & ALT activities, urea, uric acid, creatinine and serum Ca ++ levels were recorded. Furthermore, diazinon exposures were associated with an inhibition of cholinesterase activity, a decrease in total protein concentration in serum with a reduction in both albumin and globulin. This study declared that diazinon is an extremely toxic organophosphate pesticide for C. gariepinus, its improper application often results in contamination of the environment and consequently in deleterious health effects. So, strict precautions should be followed.
iazinon is widely and effectively used in agriculture as well as in domestic and aquaculture aspe... more iazinon is widely and effectively used in agriculture as well as in domestic and aquaculture aspects. As a result of its widespread application, its ecotoxicity study is needed to determine its effects on the aquatic organisms and its potential impact as an environmental contaminant. In this study, the half lethal concentration (LC 50) of diazinon for Clarias gariepinus was calculated. Diazinon toxicity was evaluated through acute and chronic exposures of fish to 1/2 and 1/10 the calculated LC 50 for 1w & 6 w respectively. Results showed that the LC 50 /96h was 5.98 ppm. The effects of both acute and chronic exposures revealed clinical abnormalities in the form of nervous and respiratory disorders manifested by erratic swimming and/or circling, rapid opercular movements and abnormal skin pigmentation that appeared in the form of skin fading. A significant increase in cortisol, glucose, AST & ALT activities, urea, uric acid, creatinine and serum Ca ++ levels were recorded. Furthermore, diazinon exposures were associated with an inhibition of cholinesterase activity, a decrease in total protein concentration in serum with a reduction in both albumin and globulin. This study declared that diazinon is an extremely toxic organophosphate pesticide for C. gariepinus, its improper application often results in contamination of the environment and consequently in deleterious health effects. So, strict precautions should be followed.
Kenya's fish farming has experienced great growth since 2009 as a result of the Economic Stim... more Kenya's fish farming has experienced great growth since 2009 as a result of the Economic Stimulus Program (CharoKarisa and Gichuri, 2010; Musa et al., 2012). Increasing fish production without improving management of the fish farm may result in bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic origin infestations. On average 80% of fish diseases are parasitic especially in warm water fish, and severe fish mortalities as a result of parasites have been reported (Shalaby and Ibrahim, 1988; Eissa, 2002 and Amare et al., 2014). Fish parasites specifically cestodes are known to inhibit fish nutrient absorption and is more pronounced in cultured species due to overstocking coupled with poor water quality management (Edema et al., 2008; El-seify et al., 2011). Most species of fish are vulnerable to various parasitic infections depending on the species. When parasites are numerous they cause stress that may lead to fish deaths (Bellay et al., 2012b). Research findings indicate that in fresh water ...
Uploads
Papers by Haji K H A M I S Mjaka