The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does... more The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publishers cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage and application contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature.
Otorhinolaryngology Clinics - An International Journal, 2013
ABSTRACTThis article describes the anatomy of the nose and the principles of analysis of the nose... more ABSTRACTThis article describes the anatomy of the nose and the principles of analysis of the nose and face that will aid a successful rhinoplasty. The analysis is based on the Caucasian female face and appropriate alterations will be needed in considering male patients and those with a differing ethnicity.How to cite this articleKenyon G. Nasal Anatomy and Analysis. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2013;5(1):34-42.
Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, 2018
Human nasal airflow in a healthy and partially blocked cavities is investigated using computation... more Human nasal airflow in a healthy and partially blocked cavities is investigated using computational and experimental means. While previous studies focused on the flow inside the nasal cavity, this study also looks at the external air stream coming out of the nostrils. The aim is to investigate the airflow subject to partial blocking in the nasal cavity and assess the potential of using a flow visualization method to identify abnormal nasal geometry. Two methods of study are used: Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and experiment based on Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Nasal cavity geometry is reconstructed from CT scans. The flow visualization Schileren method is also demonstrated. The computational results agree well with the previous results in terms of Nasal Resistance (NR) and character of the internal flow. Good agreement is also found in the external aerodynamics during expiration between the computational and experimental results. Several generic partial blockages are inve...
Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) is now the treatment of choice for patients wit... more Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) is now the treatment of choice for patients with sleep apnoea syndrome. Side-effects and adverse reactions have been described in isolated reports with this device. We have, therefore, systematically studied the side-effects of nCPAP therapy in 300 consecutive patients referred to the London Chest Hospital Ventilatory Support Unit. Ninety-six per cent of patients complained of at least one side-effect resulting from the therapy, with 45 per cent complaining of a side-effect specific to the nasal mask. There was no correlation between the side-effects and level of pressure used during nCPAP. The rate of compliance remained high in spite of the side-effects, with a daily use of 7.8 hours (SD 8.05) and with 83 per cent of the patients using the device every night. Although nCPAP treatment remains acceptable to most patients there exists a high incidence of adverse effects.
Alar (external valve) collapse may be iatrogenic or can occur as a consequence of ageing or traum... more Alar (external valve) collapse may be iatrogenic or can occur as a consequence of ageing or trauma. We have utilized an autogenous cartilage graft inserted as an underlay graft to the alar rim to treat 17 patients who have presented with nasal obstruction due to alar collapse. We report the short-and medium-term functional results and the cosmetic sequelae of our approach and conclude that this procedure offers an improvement in nasal airway performance in patients with external valve collapse without producing serious adverse cosmetic sequelae.
It is a riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma; but perhaps there is a key. Churchill's w... more It is a riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma; but perhaps there is a key. Churchill's wartime comment on the Soviet Union (British Broadcasting Corporation broadcast, London, 1 October 1939) could equally be applied to what is now termed Ménière's disease. Even the acute or grave accents required for the correct spelling of Prosper's surname still exercise many a linguist and are disputed (Figure ). Most of us will now accept that there is a curious and quite distinct disorder of the inner ear, with some very characteristic features. The progress is not always uniform, but normally starts as a unilateral and fluctuating, possibly low frequency, cochlear deafness, with recruitment. The most obvious additional feature is the paroxysmal vertigo that accompanies this, and which is, arguably, the only symptom we can influence. Finally, there is tinnitus and a sense of fullness, which in the early stages of the disease frequently convince the nonexpert to believe that this is a eustachian tube problem. The Archives of The Journal of Laryngology and Otology nicely illustrate how our forebears tried to make sense of this illness and influence its natural history. What emerges is a confusion about the definition, underlying pathology and treatment that persists to this day. The short review that follows concentrates on some key articles from the last century and a half of publications in the Journal, following the same format as in our earlier review of the pathology and surgery of otosclerosis. 1 As previously, the online review also contains direct electronic links to the archived material quoted.
The Archives of The Journal of Laryngology & Otology (JLO) reveal that, in the nineteenth century... more The Archives of The Journal of Laryngology & Otology (JLO) reveal that, in the nineteenth century, the bulk of the publication each month was taken up with reports of society proceedings and with the reproduction of lectures from individuals with names possibly better known to us today as eponyms for surgical instruments. The Archives of the JLO at that time, and certainly in its first fifty years of publication, show speakers expounding at great length and with authority on ideas regarding the pathology and treatment of common ailments, ideas which frequently seem, from a modern perspective, to be somewhat bizarre. Today, all of us who attend meetings will know how challenging it can be for any modern speaker to keep the attention of a twenty-first century audience, even with the wonders of computer presentations, embedded graphics and videos, amplification and laser pointers (a good lunch and a comfortable seat in a darkened room only too frequently combine to mitigate against giving one's undivided attentioneven to the best presentations). However, one hundred and fifty years ago, the writings of the time suggest that audiences were made of sterner stuff! The short review that follows concentrates on some key articles from the last century and a half of JLO publication, in respect of the pathology and surgery of otosclerosis. The review also contains direct electronic links to the archived material quoted. 'The varieties of chronic non-suppurative disease of the middle ear ', D Grant (1903) The earliest use of the term 'otosclerosis' in the journal was probably by Dundas Grant in 1903, 1 quoting the work of Politzer: Otosclerosis occupies a section of its own, apparently defying classification. Politzer insists on its being distinguished from middle-ear catarrh, and accepts the designation 'otosclerosis' on account of its being currently adopted by the faculty, although he considers it more accurately described as 'capsulitis labyrinthi'. He states, however, that cases occur in which there is a combination of catarrhal adhesive processes and otosclerosis together.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new and promising treatment modality for the treatment of maligna... more Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new and promising treatment modality for the treatment of malignant disease. This paper reports the preliminary experience of our group in the use of this therapy for the treatment of tumours arising in the head and neck. The majority of treatments in these cases have used a second generation systemic photosensitizer, meta-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin (m-THPC). Two other cases were treated with either Photofrin 2 (a first generation systemic sensitizer) or with the topical photosensitizer, delta-aminolaevulinic acid (δ-ALA).The initial results have been encouraging with good clinical responses evident in patients presenting with a variety of differing tumour types. We feel there is now sufficient evidence of the efficacy of this treatment to warrant a multicentre prospective study into the treatment of early head and neck cancer with PDT.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does... more The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publishers cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage and application contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature.
Otorhinolaryngology Clinics - An International Journal, 2013
ABSTRACTThis article describes the anatomy of the nose and the principles of analysis of the nose... more ABSTRACTThis article describes the anatomy of the nose and the principles of analysis of the nose and face that will aid a successful rhinoplasty. The analysis is based on the Caucasian female face and appropriate alterations will be needed in considering male patients and those with a differing ethnicity.How to cite this articleKenyon G. Nasal Anatomy and Analysis. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2013;5(1):34-42.
Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, 2018
Human nasal airflow in a healthy and partially blocked cavities is investigated using computation... more Human nasal airflow in a healthy and partially blocked cavities is investigated using computational and experimental means. While previous studies focused on the flow inside the nasal cavity, this study also looks at the external air stream coming out of the nostrils. The aim is to investigate the airflow subject to partial blocking in the nasal cavity and assess the potential of using a flow visualization method to identify abnormal nasal geometry. Two methods of study are used: Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and experiment based on Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Nasal cavity geometry is reconstructed from CT scans. The flow visualization Schileren method is also demonstrated. The computational results agree well with the previous results in terms of Nasal Resistance (NR) and character of the internal flow. Good agreement is also found in the external aerodynamics during expiration between the computational and experimental results. Several generic partial blockages are inve...
Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) is now the treatment of choice for patients wit... more Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) is now the treatment of choice for patients with sleep apnoea syndrome. Side-effects and adverse reactions have been described in isolated reports with this device. We have, therefore, systematically studied the side-effects of nCPAP therapy in 300 consecutive patients referred to the London Chest Hospital Ventilatory Support Unit. Ninety-six per cent of patients complained of at least one side-effect resulting from the therapy, with 45 per cent complaining of a side-effect specific to the nasal mask. There was no correlation between the side-effects and level of pressure used during nCPAP. The rate of compliance remained high in spite of the side-effects, with a daily use of 7.8 hours (SD 8.05) and with 83 per cent of the patients using the device every night. Although nCPAP treatment remains acceptable to most patients there exists a high incidence of adverse effects.
Alar (external valve) collapse may be iatrogenic or can occur as a consequence of ageing or traum... more Alar (external valve) collapse may be iatrogenic or can occur as a consequence of ageing or trauma. We have utilized an autogenous cartilage graft inserted as an underlay graft to the alar rim to treat 17 patients who have presented with nasal obstruction due to alar collapse. We report the short-and medium-term functional results and the cosmetic sequelae of our approach and conclude that this procedure offers an improvement in nasal airway performance in patients with external valve collapse without producing serious adverse cosmetic sequelae.
It is a riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma; but perhaps there is a key. Churchill's w... more It is a riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma; but perhaps there is a key. Churchill's wartime comment on the Soviet Union (British Broadcasting Corporation broadcast, London, 1 October 1939) could equally be applied to what is now termed Ménière's disease. Even the acute or grave accents required for the correct spelling of Prosper's surname still exercise many a linguist and are disputed (Figure ). Most of us will now accept that there is a curious and quite distinct disorder of the inner ear, with some very characteristic features. The progress is not always uniform, but normally starts as a unilateral and fluctuating, possibly low frequency, cochlear deafness, with recruitment. The most obvious additional feature is the paroxysmal vertigo that accompanies this, and which is, arguably, the only symptom we can influence. Finally, there is tinnitus and a sense of fullness, which in the early stages of the disease frequently convince the nonexpert to believe that this is a eustachian tube problem. The Archives of The Journal of Laryngology and Otology nicely illustrate how our forebears tried to make sense of this illness and influence its natural history. What emerges is a confusion about the definition, underlying pathology and treatment that persists to this day. The short review that follows concentrates on some key articles from the last century and a half of publications in the Journal, following the same format as in our earlier review of the pathology and surgery of otosclerosis. 1 As previously, the online review also contains direct electronic links to the archived material quoted.
The Archives of The Journal of Laryngology & Otology (JLO) reveal that, in the nineteenth century... more The Archives of The Journal of Laryngology & Otology (JLO) reveal that, in the nineteenth century, the bulk of the publication each month was taken up with reports of society proceedings and with the reproduction of lectures from individuals with names possibly better known to us today as eponyms for surgical instruments. The Archives of the JLO at that time, and certainly in its first fifty years of publication, show speakers expounding at great length and with authority on ideas regarding the pathology and treatment of common ailments, ideas which frequently seem, from a modern perspective, to be somewhat bizarre. Today, all of us who attend meetings will know how challenging it can be for any modern speaker to keep the attention of a twenty-first century audience, even with the wonders of computer presentations, embedded graphics and videos, amplification and laser pointers (a good lunch and a comfortable seat in a darkened room only too frequently combine to mitigate against giving one's undivided attentioneven to the best presentations). However, one hundred and fifty years ago, the writings of the time suggest that audiences were made of sterner stuff! The short review that follows concentrates on some key articles from the last century and a half of JLO publication, in respect of the pathology and surgery of otosclerosis. The review also contains direct electronic links to the archived material quoted. 'The varieties of chronic non-suppurative disease of the middle ear ', D Grant (1903) The earliest use of the term 'otosclerosis' in the journal was probably by Dundas Grant in 1903, 1 quoting the work of Politzer: Otosclerosis occupies a section of its own, apparently defying classification. Politzer insists on its being distinguished from middle-ear catarrh, and accepts the designation 'otosclerosis' on account of its being currently adopted by the faculty, although he considers it more accurately described as 'capsulitis labyrinthi'. He states, however, that cases occur in which there is a combination of catarrhal adhesive processes and otosclerosis together.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new and promising treatment modality for the treatment of maligna... more Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new and promising treatment modality for the treatment of malignant disease. This paper reports the preliminary experience of our group in the use of this therapy for the treatment of tumours arising in the head and neck. The majority of treatments in these cases have used a second generation systemic photosensitizer, meta-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin (m-THPC). Two other cases were treated with either Photofrin 2 (a first generation systemic sensitizer) or with the topical photosensitizer, delta-aminolaevulinic acid (δ-ALA).The initial results have been encouraging with good clinical responses evident in patients presenting with a variety of differing tumour types. We feel there is now sufficient evidence of the efficacy of this treatment to warrant a multicentre prospective study into the treatment of early head and neck cancer with PDT.
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Papers by Guy Kenyon