Softcover, 220 S.: 19,00 €Softcover, 17x24The issue of women in Islam is highly controversial. It... more Softcover, 220 S.: 19,00 €Softcover, 17x24The issue of women in Islam is highly controversial. It is generally agreed that the rights granted to women in the Qur'an and by the prophet Muhammad were an improvement in comparison to the situation of women prior to the advent of Islam. After the Prophet's death the condition of women in Islam began to decline and revert back to pre-Islamic norms. In the twentieth century women's movement raised the issues of women's right. But the feminists in the Muslim world mostly were upper class women whose feminism was modeled after theories from the Western world. Modern socio-political models in the Muslim world after the colonial period began to shift from Western models of society and government to »Islamic« models, feminism in the Muslim world began to take on Islamic forms rather than following the Western feminist theories. Therefore, one of the main purposes of this book is to try to present an Islamic perspective i.e. Sura...
The growing popularity of the internet has a significant impact on people's attitudes. The Covid-... more The growing popularity of the internet has a significant impact on people's attitudes. The Covid-19 pandemic has accelerated a cultural, ethical, and normative change in people's behavior. The potential for social change resulting from the emergence or advancement of information and technology is significant. The rise of social media, which has now become a common form of communication, is unavoidable. Digital communication through a variety of websites to obtain information will leave digital traces. The concept of a digital trail certainly reaffirms what has previously been written in Al-Qur'an, Surah Yasin: 65. This verse is relevant to digital multi-hop tracks that outline human actions and behavior to the swipe of their fingers. The verse is translated through the use of a digital trail that is connected to internet access. This library research study uses the source triangulation method to analyse exploratory qualitative content. The study's findings indicate a correlation between the digital trail and Surah Yasin 65, demonstrating that current digital technology proves that the Qur'an's nash or verses are consistent with the unquestionable assumption of human rationality. It also emphasizes the importance of being cautious and responsible when using digital platforms.
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage, 2016
It is confessed that the relationship between Islamic taw and customary law in Aceh is very tight... more It is confessed that the relationship between Islamic taw and customary law in Aceh is very tight and hardly distinguished. This phenomenon hold also true and could be traced through the canonical texts of Aceh Darussalam kingdom. This articIe is aimed at examining this indication through a brief study on the manuscript of the so-called three laws of Aceh, especially pertaining to siyasah (politics) and the forms of relationship between the two legal systems. Furthermore, it will also discuss the substance of the text compared with al-Mawardi's thought in al-Ahkam al-Sulthaniyyah. The study safely comes to the conclusion that the majority of siyasah concept of Islamic law has been absorbed into the structure of canonical texts of Aceh Darussalam Kingdom. Last but not least, it is also found two forms of absorption, namely, total and selective absorptions.
This article describes the effects of inquiry learning model on college students’ cognitive and c... more This article describes the effects of inquiry learning model on college students’ cognitive and critical thinking skills. The research aims at understanding the extent inquiry learning model improves the college students’ cognitive and critical thinking skills in the lessons of educational philosophy and exploring students’ responses to the model. This is a preexperimental research design, using the one group pretest-posttest design. The samples of the study were an intact class, the experimental group and no control group is needed. The data was analysed using independent test samples t-test and Normalized Gain test. The Research found that the inquiry model is effective in improving college students’ cognitive and critical thinking ability in an educational philosophy class. Overall, the N-Gain indicator of cognitive ability increased by an average of 0.66, and the N-Gain indicator of critical thinking skills increased by an average of 0.63.
Masalah praktis dalam bidang pendidikan yang memerlukan solusi sangatlah bevariasi, yaitu terkait... more Masalah praktis dalam bidang pendidikan yang memerlukan solusi sangatlah bevariasi, yaitu terkait dengan proses belajar mengajar, prestasi belajar siswa , pendekatan, strategi, dan teknik dalam pengajaran yang masih perlu ditingkatkan. Penelitian adalah salah satu cara ilmiah untuk menemukan strategi baru, atau media pembelajaran seperti bahan ajar yang lebih sesuai kebutuhan anak didik. Masalah teoritis dalam bidang pendidikan terkait pengembangan teori, yaitu misalnya adanya teori hasil penelitian yang perlu diuji untuk menyesuaikan dengan karakteristik anak didik yang terus berkembang, atau untuk menyesuaikan kelompok anak didik yang berbeda, adanya teori temuan penelitian yang saling bertentangan sehingga perlu diverifikasi mana yang lebih benar, dsb. Hasil penelitian untuk pengembangan teori bisa memperkaya, merevisi, atau bahkan mengganti teori yang ada.Secara singkat bisa disimpulkan bahwa penelitian pendidikan bertujuan untuk menemukan ilmu pengetahuan (teori, metode, atau m...
Abstrak: Gerakan untuk memperjuangkan kesetaraan gender telah mendapatkan respon positif dari beb... more Abstrak: Gerakan untuk memperjuangkan kesetaraan gender telah mendapatkan respon positif dari beberapa kalangan, bahkan sudah mendapatkan legitimasi legal sebagaimana tertuang dalam CEDAW (The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women) yang diratifikasi oleh 183 negara pada tahun 2006. Bagi kalangan reformis religious, kondisi ini justru menjadi tantangan tersendiri terkait dengan bagaimana membangun argumentasi kesetaraan dan keadilan gender tidak hanya secara politis tapi juga secara religious. Dalam hal ini, ada dua pendekatan yang dilakukan, yakni: reinterpretasi al-Qur’an dan rekonstruksi sejarah. Meskipun kedua pendekatan tersebut saling terkait, namun tulisan ini lebih terfokus pada pendekatan kedua, yakni tentang bagaimana posisi dan peran perempuan dalam kepemimpinan politik dan militer. Secara historis, peran politis dan militer perempuan terepresentasikan dalam beberapa tokoh dan pejuang perempuan, seperti Aisyah, Nusaiba bint Ka’b al-Ansa...
Pada dasarnya inti dari sains itu merupakan rangkaian konsep dan pola kerja yang saling berhubung... more Pada dasarnya inti dari sains itu merupakan rangkaian konsep dan pola kerja yang saling berhubungan antara eksperimen dan pengamatan atas data yang tampak. Dengan adanya ilmu hidup akan menjadi lebih mudah, dengan agama hidup akan terarah, tetapi dengan adanya seni hidup itu menjadi indah, sebagai ummat beragama dan berilmu sebagai selogan aktivitas untuk rahmatan lilalamiin. Kehadiran ilmu kimia dasar, biologi, fisika maupun matematika banyak manfaat bagi manusia secara utuh. Natural science didefinisikan sebagai “formulated knowledge and based mainly on observation” yang diartikan bahwa “ilmu pengetahuan alam didefinisikan sebagai pengetahuan yang sistematis. Mampu memprediksi dan menghubungkan gejala-gejala alam yang bersifat benda berkaitan langsung dengan observasi, klasifikasi, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Integrasi dalam Sains teknologi adalah produk manusia menghasilkan alat dan bahan teknologi demi meningkatkan taraf hidup manusia tanpa merusak lingkungan yang ada.
Our study aims to explore the effect of gender empowerment and democracy on the poverty rate in w... more Our study aims to explore the effect of gender empowerment and democracy on the poverty rate in western Indonesia. The data operationalized is a crosssectional data set of 8 provinces for the period of 2007-2018. The dynamic model of the econometric analysis was applied to analyze functional and causal relations between the three variables. Our findings discovered that there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between the poverty rate, gender empowerment, and democracy. In the long-run, both the poverty rate and democracy positively related to gender empowerment. In the short-run, the relations are negative and significant. At the 2-period horizon, gender empowerment has a negative and significant effect on poverty, but democracy has a non-significant effect on the poverty rate. The result of the Granger causality test indicates that there is a bidirectional causality between gender empowerment and democracy. Besides, unidirectional causality exists from gender empowerment and democracy to poverty rates. This finding implies that the effort of the Indonesian government to alleviate the poverty rate should consider policy intervention related to increasing gender empowerment and improving the quality of democracy. The government should encourage women's role in the economic, social, and political field. Besides, the government has to increase the democracy index by improving civil rights in economics and politics.
Axiology is a discourse related to the value or usefulness of science. Science that is developed ... more Axiology is a discourse related to the value or usefulness of science. Science that is developed and controlled by humans should principally be able to provide positive values for human development and keep science and technology away from dehumanization. Axiology must be a guide in developing science because science and technology can develop with the support of human ambition which can be directed by negative and positive factors. Therefore, morality becomes a very important factor when a scientist develops his knowledge. The scientific way of thinking has achieved extraordinary developments in the current era of information technology 4.0., which is well-known as the internet of things . Not all societies are ready for this fundamental change, which not only leads to changes in thought, but also in relation to the culture of the community. Everything is based on technology. The industrial revolution 4.0 reflects a combination of digital and biological physical technology that is ...
Gunawan Adnan*, Lailatussaadah, Asyraf Isyraqi Bin Jamil, Misbahul Jannah, Buhori Muslim, Erfiati... more Gunawan Adnan*, Lailatussaadah, Asyraf Isyraqi Bin Jamil, Misbahul Jannah, Buhori Muslim, Erfiati Department of Arabic Education, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia Doctoral Program of Islamic Education, University of Malaya, Malaysia Department of Islamic Education Management, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia Department of Islamic Education, University of Malaya, Malaysia Department of Physics Education, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia Doctoral Program of Islamic Education, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia State Islamic Senior High School 1 Banda Aceh, Indonesia
The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of gender empowerment on women's income an... more The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of gender empowerment on women's income and poverty reduction and examine the role of women's income as a mediating variable between gender empowerment and poverty reduction. This study uses panel data of 8 provinces from western Indonesia during the period 2010-2018. Hierarchical linear panel regression (HLPR) is employed to investigate the effect of gender empowerment on women's income and poverty reduction. Sobel test examines the role of women's income in mediating the effect of women's income on poverty reduction. Granger causality test is used to analyze the direction of causality between the three variables. The study points out that gender empowerment has a positive and significant effect on women's income but did not affect poverty reduction. Women's income has a negative and significant impact on the poverty rate. The existence of women's income mediates the effect of gender empowerment to...
Islamic education is a concept of education based on universal true values and the truthfrom Alla... more Islamic education is a concept of education based on universal true values and the truthfrom Allah SWT Who has prepared the clear principle of education that enlightens,prospers, and saves mankind in this world and here after. One of the main goals of Islamiceducation is to make people aware and persistent (istiqama) with the basic principleof men creation to serve for Allah (hablummninallah) and become rahmatanlil’alamin,useful and beneficent for the whole universe, either for the men or for the nature(hablumminanaas wahablumminal ‘aalamien) as the consequence of serving the missionof being khalifatullah in the world. Hence, the concept of Islamic education needs to meetseveral main requirements. First, it needs to have a clear goal, objective, and target.Second, the real and absolute educator is Allah SWT, the creator of fitra, the talent giver,the maker of all nature of law related to development, advancement, and interactionas well as He is the One presupposing the rules to actu...
This study is aimed at elaborating the role of multimedia in spreading out Islamic teaching among... more This study is aimed at elaborating the role of multimedia in spreading out Islamic teaching among Muslim society, particularly as it is practiced and experienced in Indonesia. It is found that high technology, particularly information technology extraordinarily influence almost all aspects of human life. The development of technology has indeed contributed to the emergence of various inventions and simplified human daily lives, including the methods of preaching Islamic teaching to the Moslems. This research finds out that there are many programs and strategies of doing da’wah (Islamic teaching propagation) and developing its methods, among others, by utilizing multimedia both electronic and printed, both digital and non-digital ones. This sort of program integrates different kinds of media, such as, radio, television, text, internet, picture, MP3, animation, narration, video, and music and others. Another important role of this multimedia is to strengthen interactive and communicat...
Our study aims to explore the effect of gender empowerment and democracy on the poverty rate in w... more Our study aims to explore the effect of gender empowerment and democracy on the poverty rate in western Indonesia. The data operationalized is a cross-sectional data set of 8 provinces for the period of 2007-2018. The dynamic model of the econometric analysis was applied to analyze functional and causal relations between the three variables. Our findings discovered that there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between the poverty rate, gender empowerment, and democracy. In the long-run, both the poverty rate and democracy positively related to gender empowerment. In the short-run, the relations are negative and significant. At the 2-period horizon, gender empowerment has a negative and significant effect on poverty, but democracy has a non-significant effect on the poverty rate. The result of the Granger causality test indicates that there is a bidirectional causality between gender empowerment and democracy. Besides, unidirectional causality exists from gender empowerment and d...
Softcover, 220 S.: 19,00 €Softcover, 17x24The issue of women in Islam is highly controversial. It... more Softcover, 220 S.: 19,00 €Softcover, 17x24The issue of women in Islam is highly controversial. It is generally agreed that the rights granted to women in the Qur'an and by the prophet Muhammad were an improvement in comparison to the situation of women prior to the advent of Islam. After the Prophet's death the condition of women in Islam began to decline and revert back to pre-Islamic norms. In the twentieth century women's movement raised the issues of women's right. But the feminists in the Muslim world mostly were upper class women whose feminism was modeled after theories from the Western world. Modern socio-political models in the Muslim world after the colonial period began to shift from Western models of society and government to »Islamic« models, feminism in the Muslim world began to take on Islamic forms rather than following the Western feminist theories. Therefore, one of the main purposes of this book is to try to present an Islamic perspective i.e. Sura...
The growing popularity of the internet has a significant impact on people's attitudes. The Covid-... more The growing popularity of the internet has a significant impact on people's attitudes. The Covid-19 pandemic has accelerated a cultural, ethical, and normative change in people's behavior. The potential for social change resulting from the emergence or advancement of information and technology is significant. The rise of social media, which has now become a common form of communication, is unavoidable. Digital communication through a variety of websites to obtain information will leave digital traces. The concept of a digital trail certainly reaffirms what has previously been written in Al-Qur'an, Surah Yasin: 65. This verse is relevant to digital multi-hop tracks that outline human actions and behavior to the swipe of their fingers. The verse is translated through the use of a digital trail that is connected to internet access. This library research study uses the source triangulation method to analyse exploratory qualitative content. The study's findings indicate a correlation between the digital trail and Surah Yasin 65, demonstrating that current digital technology proves that the Qur'an's nash or verses are consistent with the unquestionable assumption of human rationality. It also emphasizes the importance of being cautious and responsible when using digital platforms.
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage, 2016
It is confessed that the relationship between Islamic taw and customary law in Aceh is very tight... more It is confessed that the relationship between Islamic taw and customary law in Aceh is very tight and hardly distinguished. This phenomenon hold also true and could be traced through the canonical texts of Aceh Darussalam kingdom. This articIe is aimed at examining this indication through a brief study on the manuscript of the so-called three laws of Aceh, especially pertaining to siyasah (politics) and the forms of relationship between the two legal systems. Furthermore, it will also discuss the substance of the text compared with al-Mawardi's thought in al-Ahkam al-Sulthaniyyah. The study safely comes to the conclusion that the majority of siyasah concept of Islamic law has been absorbed into the structure of canonical texts of Aceh Darussalam Kingdom. Last but not least, it is also found two forms of absorption, namely, total and selective absorptions.
This article describes the effects of inquiry learning model on college students’ cognitive and c... more This article describes the effects of inquiry learning model on college students’ cognitive and critical thinking skills. The research aims at understanding the extent inquiry learning model improves the college students’ cognitive and critical thinking skills in the lessons of educational philosophy and exploring students’ responses to the model. This is a preexperimental research design, using the one group pretest-posttest design. The samples of the study were an intact class, the experimental group and no control group is needed. The data was analysed using independent test samples t-test and Normalized Gain test. The Research found that the inquiry model is effective in improving college students’ cognitive and critical thinking ability in an educational philosophy class. Overall, the N-Gain indicator of cognitive ability increased by an average of 0.66, and the N-Gain indicator of critical thinking skills increased by an average of 0.63.
Masalah praktis dalam bidang pendidikan yang memerlukan solusi sangatlah bevariasi, yaitu terkait... more Masalah praktis dalam bidang pendidikan yang memerlukan solusi sangatlah bevariasi, yaitu terkait dengan proses belajar mengajar, prestasi belajar siswa , pendekatan, strategi, dan teknik dalam pengajaran yang masih perlu ditingkatkan. Penelitian adalah salah satu cara ilmiah untuk menemukan strategi baru, atau media pembelajaran seperti bahan ajar yang lebih sesuai kebutuhan anak didik. Masalah teoritis dalam bidang pendidikan terkait pengembangan teori, yaitu misalnya adanya teori hasil penelitian yang perlu diuji untuk menyesuaikan dengan karakteristik anak didik yang terus berkembang, atau untuk menyesuaikan kelompok anak didik yang berbeda, adanya teori temuan penelitian yang saling bertentangan sehingga perlu diverifikasi mana yang lebih benar, dsb. Hasil penelitian untuk pengembangan teori bisa memperkaya, merevisi, atau bahkan mengganti teori yang ada.Secara singkat bisa disimpulkan bahwa penelitian pendidikan bertujuan untuk menemukan ilmu pengetahuan (teori, metode, atau m...
Abstrak: Gerakan untuk memperjuangkan kesetaraan gender telah mendapatkan respon positif dari beb... more Abstrak: Gerakan untuk memperjuangkan kesetaraan gender telah mendapatkan respon positif dari beberapa kalangan, bahkan sudah mendapatkan legitimasi legal sebagaimana tertuang dalam CEDAW (The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women) yang diratifikasi oleh 183 negara pada tahun 2006. Bagi kalangan reformis religious, kondisi ini justru menjadi tantangan tersendiri terkait dengan bagaimana membangun argumentasi kesetaraan dan keadilan gender tidak hanya secara politis tapi juga secara religious. Dalam hal ini, ada dua pendekatan yang dilakukan, yakni: reinterpretasi al-Qur’an dan rekonstruksi sejarah. Meskipun kedua pendekatan tersebut saling terkait, namun tulisan ini lebih terfokus pada pendekatan kedua, yakni tentang bagaimana posisi dan peran perempuan dalam kepemimpinan politik dan militer. Secara historis, peran politis dan militer perempuan terepresentasikan dalam beberapa tokoh dan pejuang perempuan, seperti Aisyah, Nusaiba bint Ka’b al-Ansa...
Pada dasarnya inti dari sains itu merupakan rangkaian konsep dan pola kerja yang saling berhubung... more Pada dasarnya inti dari sains itu merupakan rangkaian konsep dan pola kerja yang saling berhubungan antara eksperimen dan pengamatan atas data yang tampak. Dengan adanya ilmu hidup akan menjadi lebih mudah, dengan agama hidup akan terarah, tetapi dengan adanya seni hidup itu menjadi indah, sebagai ummat beragama dan berilmu sebagai selogan aktivitas untuk rahmatan lilalamiin. Kehadiran ilmu kimia dasar, biologi, fisika maupun matematika banyak manfaat bagi manusia secara utuh. Natural science didefinisikan sebagai “formulated knowledge and based mainly on observation” yang diartikan bahwa “ilmu pengetahuan alam didefinisikan sebagai pengetahuan yang sistematis. Mampu memprediksi dan menghubungkan gejala-gejala alam yang bersifat benda berkaitan langsung dengan observasi, klasifikasi, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Integrasi dalam Sains teknologi adalah produk manusia menghasilkan alat dan bahan teknologi demi meningkatkan taraf hidup manusia tanpa merusak lingkungan yang ada.
Our study aims to explore the effect of gender empowerment and democracy on the poverty rate in w... more Our study aims to explore the effect of gender empowerment and democracy on the poverty rate in western Indonesia. The data operationalized is a crosssectional data set of 8 provinces for the period of 2007-2018. The dynamic model of the econometric analysis was applied to analyze functional and causal relations between the three variables. Our findings discovered that there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between the poverty rate, gender empowerment, and democracy. In the long-run, both the poverty rate and democracy positively related to gender empowerment. In the short-run, the relations are negative and significant. At the 2-period horizon, gender empowerment has a negative and significant effect on poverty, but democracy has a non-significant effect on the poverty rate. The result of the Granger causality test indicates that there is a bidirectional causality between gender empowerment and democracy. Besides, unidirectional causality exists from gender empowerment and democracy to poverty rates. This finding implies that the effort of the Indonesian government to alleviate the poverty rate should consider policy intervention related to increasing gender empowerment and improving the quality of democracy. The government should encourage women's role in the economic, social, and political field. Besides, the government has to increase the democracy index by improving civil rights in economics and politics.
Axiology is a discourse related to the value or usefulness of science. Science that is developed ... more Axiology is a discourse related to the value or usefulness of science. Science that is developed and controlled by humans should principally be able to provide positive values for human development and keep science and technology away from dehumanization. Axiology must be a guide in developing science because science and technology can develop with the support of human ambition which can be directed by negative and positive factors. Therefore, morality becomes a very important factor when a scientist develops his knowledge. The scientific way of thinking has achieved extraordinary developments in the current era of information technology 4.0., which is well-known as the internet of things . Not all societies are ready for this fundamental change, which not only leads to changes in thought, but also in relation to the culture of the community. Everything is based on technology. The industrial revolution 4.0 reflects a combination of digital and biological physical technology that is ...
Gunawan Adnan*, Lailatussaadah, Asyraf Isyraqi Bin Jamil, Misbahul Jannah, Buhori Muslim, Erfiati... more Gunawan Adnan*, Lailatussaadah, Asyraf Isyraqi Bin Jamil, Misbahul Jannah, Buhori Muslim, Erfiati Department of Arabic Education, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia Doctoral Program of Islamic Education, University of Malaya, Malaysia Department of Islamic Education Management, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia Department of Islamic Education, University of Malaya, Malaysia Department of Physics Education, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia Doctoral Program of Islamic Education, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia State Islamic Senior High School 1 Banda Aceh, Indonesia
The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of gender empowerment on women's income an... more The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of gender empowerment on women's income and poverty reduction and examine the role of women's income as a mediating variable between gender empowerment and poverty reduction. This study uses panel data of 8 provinces from western Indonesia during the period 2010-2018. Hierarchical linear panel regression (HLPR) is employed to investigate the effect of gender empowerment on women's income and poverty reduction. Sobel test examines the role of women's income in mediating the effect of women's income on poverty reduction. Granger causality test is used to analyze the direction of causality between the three variables. The study points out that gender empowerment has a positive and significant effect on women's income but did not affect poverty reduction. Women's income has a negative and significant impact on the poverty rate. The existence of women's income mediates the effect of gender empowerment to...
Islamic education is a concept of education based on universal true values and the truthfrom Alla... more Islamic education is a concept of education based on universal true values and the truthfrom Allah SWT Who has prepared the clear principle of education that enlightens,prospers, and saves mankind in this world and here after. One of the main goals of Islamiceducation is to make people aware and persistent (istiqama) with the basic principleof men creation to serve for Allah (hablummninallah) and become rahmatanlil’alamin,useful and beneficent for the whole universe, either for the men or for the nature(hablumminanaas wahablumminal ‘aalamien) as the consequence of serving the missionof being khalifatullah in the world. Hence, the concept of Islamic education needs to meetseveral main requirements. First, it needs to have a clear goal, objective, and target.Second, the real and absolute educator is Allah SWT, the creator of fitra, the talent giver,the maker of all nature of law related to development, advancement, and interactionas well as He is the One presupposing the rules to actu...
This study is aimed at elaborating the role of multimedia in spreading out Islamic teaching among... more This study is aimed at elaborating the role of multimedia in spreading out Islamic teaching among Muslim society, particularly as it is practiced and experienced in Indonesia. It is found that high technology, particularly information technology extraordinarily influence almost all aspects of human life. The development of technology has indeed contributed to the emergence of various inventions and simplified human daily lives, including the methods of preaching Islamic teaching to the Moslems. This research finds out that there are many programs and strategies of doing da’wah (Islamic teaching propagation) and developing its methods, among others, by utilizing multimedia both electronic and printed, both digital and non-digital ones. This sort of program integrates different kinds of media, such as, radio, television, text, internet, picture, MP3, animation, narration, video, and music and others. Another important role of this multimedia is to strengthen interactive and communicat...
Our study aims to explore the effect of gender empowerment and democracy on the poverty rate in w... more Our study aims to explore the effect of gender empowerment and democracy on the poverty rate in western Indonesia. The data operationalized is a cross-sectional data set of 8 provinces for the period of 2007-2018. The dynamic model of the econometric analysis was applied to analyze functional and causal relations between the three variables. Our findings discovered that there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between the poverty rate, gender empowerment, and democracy. In the long-run, both the poverty rate and democracy positively related to gender empowerment. In the short-run, the relations are negative and significant. At the 2-period horizon, gender empowerment has a negative and significant effect on poverty, but democracy has a non-significant effect on the poverty rate. The result of the Granger causality test indicates that there is a bidirectional causality between gender empowerment and democracy. Besides, unidirectional causality exists from gender empowerment and d...
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