Papers by Geraldine Avalos
Diabetes Care, 2009
OBJECTIVE -Prospective evaluation of pregnancy outcomes in pregestational diabetes along the Atla... more OBJECTIVE -Prospective evaluation of pregnancy outcomes in pregestational diabetes along the Atlantic seaboard 2006 -2007. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -The Atlantic Diabetes in Pregnancy group, representing five antenatal centers in a wide geographical location, was established in 2005. All women with diabetes for Ͼ6 months before the index pregnancy were included. Results were collected electronically via the DIAMOND Diabetes Information System. Pregnancy outcome was compared with background rates.
Diabetes Care, 2009
OBJECTIVE -Prospective evaluation of pregnancy outcomes in pregestational diabetes along the Atla... more OBJECTIVE -Prospective evaluation of pregnancy outcomes in pregestational diabetes along the Atlantic seaboard 2006 -2007. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -The Atlantic Diabetes in Pregnancy group, representing five antenatal centers in a wide geographical location, was established in 2005. All women with diabetes for Ͼ6 months before the index pregnancy were included. Results were collected electronically via the DIAMOND Diabetes Information System. Pregnancy outcome was compared with background rates.
Diabetologia, 2011
Aims/hypothesis New diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have recently bee... more Aims/hypothesis New diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have recently been published. We wished to evaluate what impact these new criteria would have on GDM prevalence and outcomes in a predominantly European population. Methods The Atlantic Diabetes In Pregnancy (DIP) programme performed screening for GDM in 5,500 women with an oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 weeks. GDM was defined according to the new International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria and compared with previous WHO criteria; maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes were prospectively recorded. Results Of the participants, 12.4% and 9.4% were diagnosed with GDM using IADPSG and WHO criteria, respectively. IADPSG GDM pregnancies were associated with a statistically significant increased incidence of adverse maternal outcomes (gestational hypertension, polyhydramnios and Caesarean section) and neonatal outcomes (prematurity, large for gestational age, neonatal unit admission, neonatal hypoglycaemia and respiratory distress). The odds ratio for the development of these adverse outcomes remained significant after adjustment for maternal age, body mass index and non-European ethnicity. Those women who were classified as having normal glucose tolerance by WHO criteria but as having GDM by IADPSG criteria also had significant adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions/interpretation GDM prevalence is higher when using newer IADPSG, compared with WHO, criteria, and these women and their offspring experience significant adverse pregnancy outcomes. Higher rates of GDM pose a challenge to healthcare systems, but improved screening provides an opportunity to attempt to reduce the associated morbidity for mother and child.
Diabetes Care, 2010
OBJECTIVE -A prospective study of the impact of obesity on pregnancy outcome in glucose-tolerant ... more OBJECTIVE -A prospective study of the impact of obesity on pregnancy outcome in glucose-tolerant women.
Diabetes Care, 2009
OBJECTIVE -Prospective evaluation of pregnancy outcomes in pregestational diabetes along the Atla... more OBJECTIVE -Prospective evaluation of pregnancy outcomes in pregestational diabetes along the Atlantic seaboard 2006 -2007. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -The Atlantic Diabetes in Pregnancy group, representing five antenatal centers in a wide geographical location, was established in 2005. All women with diabetes for Ͼ6 months before the index pregnancy were included. Results were collected electronically via the DIAMOND Diabetes Information System. Pregnancy outcome was compared with background rates.
Diabetes Care, 2009
OBJECTIVE -Prospective evaluation of pregnancy outcomes in pregestational diabetes along the Atla... more OBJECTIVE -Prospective evaluation of pregnancy outcomes in pregestational diabetes along the Atlantic seaboard 2006 -2007. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -The Atlantic Diabetes in Pregnancy group, representing five antenatal centers in a wide geographical location, was established in 2005. All women with diabetes for Ͼ6 months before the index pregnancy were included. Results were collected electronically via the DIAMOND Diabetes Information System. Pregnancy outcome was compared with background rates.
Diabetologia, 2011
Aims/hypothesis New diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have recently bee... more Aims/hypothesis New diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have recently been published. We wished to evaluate what impact these new criteria would have on GDM prevalence and outcomes in a predominantly European population. Methods The Atlantic Diabetes In Pregnancy (DIP) programme performed screening for GDM in 5,500 women with an oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 weeks. GDM was defined according to the new International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria and compared with previous WHO criteria; maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes were prospectively recorded. Results Of the participants, 12.4% and 9.4% were diagnosed with GDM using IADPSG and WHO criteria, respectively. IADPSG GDM pregnancies were associated with a statistically significant increased incidence of adverse maternal outcomes (gestational hypertension, polyhydramnios and Caesarean section) and neonatal outcomes (prematurity, large for gestational age, neonatal unit admission, neonatal hypoglycaemia and respiratory distress). The odds ratio for the development of these adverse outcomes remained significant after adjustment for maternal age, body mass index and non-European ethnicity. Those women who were classified as having normal glucose tolerance by WHO criteria but as having GDM by IADPSG criteria also had significant adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions/interpretation GDM prevalence is higher when using newer IADPSG, compared with WHO, criteria, and these women and their offspring experience significant adverse pregnancy outcomes. Higher rates of GDM pose a challenge to healthcare systems, but improved screening provides an opportunity to attempt to reduce the associated morbidity for mother and child.
Diabetes Care, 2010
OBJECTIVE -A prospective study of the impact of obesity on pregnancy outcome in glucose-tolerant ... more OBJECTIVE -A prospective study of the impact of obesity on pregnancy outcome in glucose-tolerant women.
Diabetes Care, 2009
OBJECTIVE -Prospective evaluation of pregnancy outcomes in pregestational diabetes along the Atla... more OBJECTIVE -Prospective evaluation of pregnancy outcomes in pregestational diabetes along the Atlantic seaboard 2006 -2007. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -The Atlantic Diabetes in Pregnancy group, representing five antenatal centers in a wide geographical location, was established in 2005. All women with diabetes for Ͼ6 months before the index pregnancy were included. Results were collected electronically via the DIAMOND Diabetes Information System. Pregnancy outcome was compared with background rates.
Diabetes Care, 2009
OBJECTIVE -Prospective evaluation of pregnancy outcomes in pregestational diabetes along the Atla... more OBJECTIVE -Prospective evaluation of pregnancy outcomes in pregestational diabetes along the Atlantic seaboard 2006 -2007. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -The Atlantic Diabetes in Pregnancy group, representing five antenatal centers in a wide geographical location, was established in 2005. All women with diabetes for Ͼ6 months before the index pregnancy were included. Results were collected electronically via the DIAMOND Diabetes Information System. Pregnancy outcome was compared with background rates.
Diabetologia, 2011
Aims/hypothesis New diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have recently bee... more Aims/hypothesis New diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have recently been published. We wished to evaluate what impact these new criteria would have on GDM prevalence and outcomes in a predominantly European population. Methods The Atlantic Diabetes In Pregnancy (DIP) programme performed screening for GDM in 5,500 women with an oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 weeks. GDM was defined according to the new International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria and compared with previous WHO criteria; maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes were prospectively recorded. Results Of the participants, 12.4% and 9.4% were diagnosed with GDM using IADPSG and WHO criteria, respectively. IADPSG GDM pregnancies were associated with a statistically significant increased incidence of adverse maternal outcomes (gestational hypertension, polyhydramnios and Caesarean section) and neonatal outcomes (prematurity, large for gestational age, neonatal unit admission, neonatal hypoglycaemia and respiratory distress). The odds ratio for the development of these adverse outcomes remained significant after adjustment for maternal age, body mass index and non-European ethnicity. Those women who were classified as having normal glucose tolerance by WHO criteria but as having GDM by IADPSG criteria also had significant adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions/interpretation GDM prevalence is higher when using newer IADPSG, compared with WHO, criteria, and these women and their offspring experience significant adverse pregnancy outcomes. Higher rates of GDM pose a challenge to healthcare systems, but improved screening provides an opportunity to attempt to reduce the associated morbidity for mother and child.
Diabetes Care, 2010
OBJECTIVE -A prospective study of the impact of obesity on pregnancy outcome in glucose-tolerant ... more OBJECTIVE -A prospective study of the impact of obesity on pregnancy outcome in glucose-tolerant women.
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Papers by Geraldine Avalos