Papers by Georgia Graikou
![Research paper thumbnail of Γραίκου, Γ. 2024. Η απεικόνιση γεφυρών στη Νεοελληνική εκκλησιαστική και λαϊκή κοσμική ζωγραφική: εικονογραφικές και συμβολικές ερμηνείες. [The depiction of bridges in Neohellenic ecclesiastical and secular painting: iconographic and symbolic interpretations].](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121386466/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Αθήνα: Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών – Θεολογική Σχολή –Τμήμα Θεολογίας, 2024
Γραίκου, Γ. 2024. Η απεικόνιση γεφυρών στη Νεοελληνική εκκλησιαστική και λαϊκή κοσμική ζωγραφική... more Γραίκου, Γ. 2024. Η απεικόνιση γεφυρών στη Νεοελληνική εκκλησιαστική και λαϊκή κοσμική ζωγραφική: εικονογραφικές και συμβολικές ερμηνείες. Στο: Στο: Ι. Στουφή-Πουλημένου, Στ. Μαμαλούκος (επιμ.), Ζ΄ Επιστημονικό Συμπόσιο Νεοελληνικής Εκκλησιαστικής Τέχνης. Πρακτικά. Αθήνα, 31 Μαρτίου - 2 Απριλίου 2023. Αθήνα: Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών – Θεολογική Σχολή –Τμήμα Θεολογίας, 355 - 372. The depictions of cities and landscapes are common in the iconography of Neohellenic ecclesiastical and secular painting. They correspond to various types of iconographies, such as wall paintings, portable images, and engravings. The features of the depictions vary. In some cases, these are modest depictions without particularly individual characteristics. In other cases, however, the depictions are exceptionally detailed. These depictions often include the bridge motif. Their use can be purely decorative or practical
as they define territorial boundaries. In many cases, however, the presence of bridges acquires a symbolic character, as they are “bridges” between two opposing worlds, real or even symbolic. The depictions of bridges are divided into categories based on their icono-graphical and iconological characteristics. The first category is the bridge motif as a structural element of the painting. The bridges connect or separate individual elements or episodes of the depictional theme to create a single iconographic composition. In another category the bridge motif is a “link” between the image and the viewer. The perspective depiction of the bridge that escapes the frame of the image functions symbolically by connecting the image's inner “world” with the observer's outer world, making him a shareholder of the depicted theme. One more use of the bridge motif is for decoration. However, another category is depicting conventional bridges in conventional city depictions. Several examples can be found in secular painting, specifically in the frescoes of mansions of the time. In addition, real bridges are illustrated in depictions of real places of pilgrimage and cities. Such examples can be found in copper engravings, portable icons, and wall paintings of the 19th century. The final category is the depictions of bridges in sequential episodes of biopic icons. The bridges are depicted in different episodes of the depiction, connecting them narra-tively.
In conclusion, the role of the bridge motif in many cases is not simply decorative, but functions as an integral part of the iconography. Research should be developed in the field of recording and classifying these patterns. Especially the interpretation of their iconographic and semiotic function, and their parallel use by other artistic traditions, such as Western and Ottoman art.
Γραίκου, Γεωργία (2022). «Οι Οθωμανικές επιδράσεις στη μεταβυζαντινή και στην Νεοελληνική εκκλησι... more Γραίκου, Γεωργία (2022). «Οι Οθωμανικές επιδράσεις στη μεταβυζαντινή και στην Νεοελληνική εκκλησιαστική ζωγραφική (18ος - 19ος αι.)». Στο: Ι. Στουφή-Πουλημένου, Στ. Μαμαλούκος (επιμ.), Στ΄ Επιστημονικό Συμπόσιο Νεοελληνικής Εκκλησιαστικής Τέχνης. Πρακτικά. Αθήνα: Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών – Θεολογική Σχολή –Τμήμα Θεολογίας, 361-375.
Γραίκου, Γεωργία (2013). «Κοσμική αρχιτεκτονική στην Πιερία στις αρχές του 20ου αι.: εθνικές αναπ... more Γραίκου, Γεωργία (2013). «Κοσμική αρχιτεκτονική στην Πιερία στις αρχές του 20ου αι.: εθνικές αναπαραστάσεις και νεωτερικά στοιχεία». Στο: Ν. Γραίκος (επιμ.), Η Πιερία στην εποχή της απελευθέρωσης (1912). Ιστορικές ερμηνείες και πολιτισμικές αναπαραστάσεις, Εστιακά Σύμμεικτα 2. Κατερίνη: «Εταιρεία Πιερικών Μελετών», Εστία Πιερίδων Μουσών Κατερίνης – Μάτι, 228‐244.
Ν. Γραίκος (επιμ.), Η Πιερία στα Βυζαντινά και στα Νεότερα Χρόνια. Πρακτικά 4ου Επιστημονικού Συν... more Ν. Γραίκος (επιμ.), Η Πιερία στα Βυζαντινά και στα Νεότερα Χρόνια. Πρακτικά 4ου Επιστημονικού Συνεδρίου. Κατερίνη, 25–28/11/2009. Κατερίνη: Εταιρεία Πιερικών Μελετών – Εστία Πιερίδων Μουσών Κατερίνης, 117-166.
![Research paper thumbnail of Graikos, N. & Graikou, G. 2013. Newer depictions of Sts. Constantine and Helen in churches of Hellenic space (19th. cen.): cultural, devotional and iconographical questions [Noviji prikazi Svetog cara Konstantina i Svete carice Jelene u crkvama na podrucju Grcke (XIX vek)]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81784326/thumbnails/1.jpg)
In: Dragiša Bojović (ed.), Saint Emperor Constantine and Christianity. Proceedings of the Interna... more In: Dragiša Bojović (ed.), Saint Emperor Constantine and Christianity. Proceedings of the International Conference Commemorating the 1700th Anniversary of the Edict of Milan. Niš, 31 May–2 June 2013. Niš: The Centre of Church Studies, v. II, 595-610
The newer iconography of the saints Constantine and Helen during the time after the fall of Constantinople and especially by the 19th century in Greece and the Balkans is of great interest, not only because it is a natural continuation of a diachronic iconographical tradition, but also because it is linked with historical and cultural changes occurring in the Balkans during this period. In our presentation, we will attempt to approach the iconography of the saints Constantine and Helen, and especially the so – called “typical scene”, based on our in situ research in churches of the 19th century in Greece, as well as our selective review of the pertinent literature. The main conclusions of our research are: (a) The iconography of isapostoloi generally follows the timeless tradition but with many interesting variations. (b) Iconographical changes are associated with stylistic changes. (c) The pervasiveness of giving honor to Sts. Constantine and Helen in the 19th century constitutes the continuation of faith tradition, while it also appears to be associated with the historical and cultural changes occurring in Greece and in the Balkans during this period. The new Christian nations, trying to support their national independence and establish their state constitution, promote the iconographic themes which are related with isapostoloi as symbols of a stable and a successful government. It is proven that the study of iconography has many interdisciplinary aspects and many iconographic themes mutate over time interconnected with historical and cultural changes.
, 2020
Στο: Ι. Στουφή-Πουλημένου, Στ. Μαμαλούκος (επιμ.), Ε΄ Επιστημονικό Συμπόσιο Νεοελληνικής Εκκλησια... more Στο: Ι. Στουφή-Πουλημένου, Στ. Μαμαλούκος (επιμ.), Ε΄ Επιστημονικό Συμπόσιο Νεοελληνικής Εκκλησιαστικής Τέχνης. Πρακτικά. Αθήνα, Πολεμικό Μουσείο, 15-16 Δεκεμβρίου 2017. Αθήνα: Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών – Θεολογική Σχολή –Τμήμα Θεολογίας, 233-247.
Η τεκμηρίωση της μεσοβυζαντινής Θεσσαλονίκης. Αρχαιολογικά κατάλοιπα και αρχειακές πληροφορίες. Συμπεράσματα ενός ερευνητικού προγράμματος. , 2018
The documentation of the Middle Byzantine Thessaloniki. Monumental remains and archival informati... more The documentation of the Middle Byzantine Thessaloniki. Monumental remains and archival information: Conclusions of a research program.
The paper is based on a research program led by the first author with the collaboratons of the co-authors. It concerns the registration of 244 catalogue entries of monuments in Middle Byzantine Thessaloniki.
Conference Program by Georgia Graikou
Welcoming remarks 9:15-9:30 Dimitris LIAKOS Τhe study of woodcarving from the 11 th to the 16 th ... more Welcoming remarks 9:15-9:30 Dimitris LIAKOS Τhe study of woodcarving from the 11 th to the 16 th centuries in the Balkans and the Eastern Mediterranean. A brief overview 1st SESSION-BΥΖΑΝΤΙΝΕ WOODWORK: CASE STUDIES AND RESEARCH QUESTIONS Chair: Pagona PAPADOPOULOU 9.30-9.50 Nikolaos SIOMKOS The relief icon of St. George in Kiev revisited 9:50-10.10 Yiannis VARALIS Wooden artifacts with inlaid ivory and bone of the byzantine period 10.10-10.30 Ioannis SISIOU Late byzantine wooden artifacts from Kastoria 10.30-10.50 Varvara PAPADOPOULOU The byzantine wooden artifacts from Epiros 10.50-11.10 Μanuel CASTIÑEIRAS Byzantine wooden thrones and devices for icon display: some intriguing issues concerning the Kahn Madonna 11.10-11.30 Paschalis ANDROUDIS Late byzantine wooden doors from the Church of Panaghia Chrysafitissa and the Hermitage of Prodromos at Vassaras (Laconia, Peloponnese). A comparative case study 11.30-12.00 Questions-Discussion 12.00-12.10 Break 2nd SESSION-WOODWORK FROM THE LATIN WEST: NARRATIVES OF ORNAMENT AND INTERCULTURALISM Chair: Μanuel CASTIÑEIRAS 12.10-12.30 Lev Arie KAPITAIKIN Woodcarvers and Mosaicists: Ornament Synchronies between the Cappella Palatina and the Martorana in Palermo
Papers [History of Art and Cultural Studies] by Georgia Graikou
Μπαρμπουνάκης-Χιονοδρομικός Αθλητικός Ορειβατικός Σύλλογος Ρητίνης , 2024
Η περιοχή της Ρητίνης αποτελεί ένα από τα σημαντικότερα μεταβυζαντινά κέντρα των ανατολικών υπωρε... more Η περιοχή της Ρητίνης αποτελεί ένα από τα σημαντικότερα μεταβυζαντινά κέντρα των ανατολικών υπωρειών των Πιερίων. Τα δείγματα μεταβυζαντινής ζωγραφικής που διασώζονται σε ναούς της περιοχής επικυρώνουν τις ιστορικές μας διαπιστώσεις. Είναι γνωστές στην έρευνα οι σημαντικές μεταβυζαντινές τοιχογραφίες στη Μονή του Αγίου Γεωργίου λίγο έξω από τον οικισμό της Ρητίνης σε δύο φάσεις∙ το 1493/4 και στα τέλη του 16ου αι. Οι φορητές εικόνες που διασώζονται σε ναούς της Ρητίνης συμπληρώνουν το εύρος και τον πλούτο της μεταβυζαντινής ζωγραφικής παράδοσης της περιοχής. Αναφορές για τις φορητές εικόνες της Ρητίνης συναντούμε ήδη στην «Περιγραφή» του επισκόπου Κίτρους Παρθενίου Βαρδάκα κατά τη δεύτερη δεκαετία του 20ου αι. Στην περιγραφή του «χωρίου Ρητίνια» ο επίσκοπος σημείωνε ότι: «Αι αρχαιότεραι ιεραί εικόνες των ιερών ναών του χωρίου χρονολογούνται από του 1836». Προφανώς, η πληροφορία του βασιζόταν στις in situ εικόνες που είδε στον νεοϊδρυθέντα τότε ναό της Κοιμήσεως της Θεοτόκου.
Η νεότερη αρχαιολογική έρευνα αποκάλυψε πολύ παλαιότερες φορητές εικόνες. Τη δεκαετία του 1980 ο αείμνηστος αρχαιολόγος Θανάσης Παπαζώτος κατέγραψε και μελέτησε πολλές εικόνες τις οποίες χρονολόγησε στα τέλη του 15ου και στις αρχές του 17ου αι.
Στις αρχές της δεκαετίας του 2000 είχαμε την ευκαιρία να ερευνήσουμε πολλές ακόμα φορητές εικόνες, οι οποίες επεκτείνουν τις γνώσεις μας για τη μεταβυζαντινή και νεότερη εκκλησιαστική ζωγραφική της περιοχής της Ρητίνης. Οι καταγραφές μας καλύπτουν ένα ευρύ χρονολογικό φάσμα, από τον 16ο έως τις αρχές του 20ου αι., στους ναούς της Αγίας Τριάδος, Κοιμήσεως της Θεοτόκου, Αγίου Γεωργίου Βίγλας Ρητίνης και στο ξωκκλήσι της Παλαιοπαναγιάς λίγο έξω από τον οικισμό.
Η μελέτη των εικόνων αυτών στο σύνολό τους, αφενός μεν συμβάλλει στην σκιαγράφηση της φυσιογνωμίας της μεταβυζαντινής ζωγραφικής παράδοσης όχι μόνο της Ρητίνης και της Πιερίας, αλλά και ευρύτερα του κεντρομακεδονικού χώρου και αφετέρου συμπληρώνει τις γνώσεις μας για τη δράση επώνυμων ή ανώνυμων ζωγραφικών εργαστηρίων που δρουν στην ευρύτερη περιοχή το διάστημα αυτά.
Στη μελέτη μας θα παρουσιάσουμε τις εικόνες αυτές σε ομάδες ανάλογα με τα τεχνοτροπικά και τα χρονολογικά τους δεδομένα, αναγνωρίζοντας ζωγραφικά εργαστήρια και ομοιότητες με ομόχρονα εργαστήρια της ευρύτερης περιοχής. Σε ξεχωριστό παράρτημα της εργασίας μας παρουσιάζουμε πλήρη κατάλογο των φορητών εικόνων ανάλογα με τον ναό ανεύρεσης.
Christos Karydis, Artemios Oikonomou, Eleni Kouloumpi, Ivan Vasilev, Stanislav Stanev (eds.), The 2nd International Meeting for Conservation & Documentation of Ecclesiastical Artefacts (IMCDEA), 14-15th December 2016, Zakynthos, Greece. Organized by the Ionian University. , 2024
Graikos, Nikolaos & Graikou, Georgia (2024). Παρατηρήσεις σχετικά με το είδος και την προετοιμασί... more Graikos, Nikolaos & Graikou, Georgia (2024). Παρατηρήσεις σχετικά με το είδος και την προετοιμασία των ζωγραφικών επιφανειών σε έργα εκκλησιαστικής ζωγραφικής (19ου – αρχών 20ου αι.). (Observations about the types and the preparation of painting surfaces in works of ecclesiastical paintings (19th-early 20th century). In Christos Karydis, Artemios Oikonomou, Eleni Kouloumpi, Ivan Vasilev, Stanislav Stanev (eds.), The 2nd International Meeting for Conservation & Documentation of Ecclesiastical Artefacts (IMCDEA), 14-15th December 2016, Zakynthos, Greece. Organized by the Ionian University. Sofia: Βalkan Her-itage Foundation, 36-44. [Abstract: Over the past decade, much research has been dedi-cated to the study of the Νeohellenic ecclesiastical paintings of the 19th and the begin-ning of the 20th century. However, many research fields, such as the painting materials and techniques, are still under investigation. In this paper, we investigate the techniques used by painters to prepare the surface of ecclesiastical works of paintings (murals and icons). We also record the various materials, such as wood, metal, marble, wall pigments etc., that are used on the painting surfaces. Our observations are part of the comprehen-sive investigations of Neohellenic ecclesiastical paintings that we have conducted over the past decade in a large part of Greece and Cyprus.]
Symposia, Conferences, Workshops by Georgia Graikou
by Paschalis Androudis, Maria-Mirka Palioura, Mustafa Çağhan Keskin, Eleni Faka, Petra Lučeničová, Michael Festas, Sverrir Jakobsson, Eleftheria Konstantinidou, Maria Kostaridou, Ioanna Koukouni, Tea Susanj Protic, Eleni Tounta, Angeliki Tzavara, Maria Xenariou, Athina Zoupanti, Oleg G . Ulyanov (Олег Германович Ульянов), Ibrahim Canbulat, Philip Rance, ANGELIKI PANAGOPOULOU, Jean-David Richaud-Mammeri, Georgia Graikou, and Irini Solomonidi Stephanos Yerasimos (Istanbul 1942- Paris 2005) was a pioneering scholar of Byzantine and Ottoman... more Stephanos Yerasimos (Istanbul 1942- Paris 2005) was a pioneering scholar of Byzantine and Ottoman Studies. His monumental monograph: Les voyageurs dans l’Empire Ottoman (XIVe-XVIe siècles). Bibliographie, itinéraires et inventaire des lieux habités (Ankara 1991), is a pioneering study on travelers to the Ottoman Empire and still one of the most important in the field.
Nowadays, more than 30 years after the publication of his book it is worthly to revisit and widen its topic in time, with the organization of an international conference on Travelers in the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires (12th-16th c.) dedicated to his work and loving memory. The Conference will be hybrid (in Venice and virtually via zoom), from 15 to 17 December 2023.
The proposed scholarly meeting seeks to illuminate not only the topic of Travelers and their writings, but also to offer an interdisciplinary forum for a selection of papers that may touch upon some of the following aspects:
Travelers to Byzantium
Travelers to Greece and Asia Minor
Travelers to Constantinople
Travelers to Cyprus
Travelers to Istanbul
Travelers in the Balkans
Travelers in Anatolia
Arab travelers to Byzantium
Western Travelers to Byzantium
Jewish Travelers to Byzantium
Russian travelers to Byzantium
Byzantine travelers to the East
Byzantine travelers to the West
Silk routes travelers
Ibn Battutta
Western travelers to the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman travelers in the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman travelers to the West
Monuments through travelers’ chronicles
Objects of minor arts through travelers’ chronicles
Merchants and their travels
Ambassadors and travels
Travels and ports
Travels and accommodation (inns, hans)
Travels by sea
Isolarii
Maps and mapmaking
Portolans
Languages of Conference: English, French, Italian, Greek.
The Proceedings of the Conference will be published by the Hellenic Institute of Venice.
by Paschalis Androudis, Errikos Maniotis, Stoyan Popov, Georgios Theotokis, Kristiyan Laskov, Nevyan Mitev, Eleni Faka, Petra Lučeničová, Georgia Graikou, Christopher Szabo, Florin Curta, Eleftheria Konstantinidou, Ibrahim Duman, Marina Kurysheva, Serban Marin, Ioanna Koukouni, and Naz Defne Kut The Online International Conference devoted to the Archaeology, the History and Philosophy of War... more The Online International Conference devoted to the Archaeology, the History and Philosophy of War in Byzantine and Mediterranean Contexts (9th-16th c.), to be held virtually via Zoom from 8 to 10 December 2023, seeks to illuminate aspects of war in medieval and early modern period. Our Conference does not aim at exhausting the subject of war, but will offer an interdisciplinary forum for a selection of talks that touch upon some of the following aspects:
- Military campaigns, strategies and tactics
- Philosophy of Medieval war in Byzantium and the Mediterranean
- Psychological Warfare Techniques
- Combat arms (lances, swords, sabers, maces, hammers, knives, axes)
- Bows and crossbows
- Turkic bows
- Byzantine and Islamic great crossbows
- Military equipment (helmets, lamellar armors
- Warhorses and their equipment
- Mercenaries in armies
- Rus’ and Varangians
- Byzantine warriors
- Bulgarian warriors
- Arab warriors
- Crusader warriors
- Seljuk warriors
- Mongol warriors
- Mamluk warriors
- Man-powered mangonels
- Man-powered beam-sling mangonel
- Engines to shoot large arrows
- Ballistic machines
- Assault devices
- Stone-throwing counter-weight mangonel (or trebuchet)
- Mangonel balls
- Greek Fire projecting siphons
- Incendiary rockets
- Ceramic Grenades
- Hand cannons
- Early Cannons
- Siege Weapons
- Mobile sheds to protect men
- Byzantine Military Manuals
- Arab Military Manuals
- Latin Military Manuals
- Siege Illustrations in Manuscripts
- Arms in literature (epic poems and romances)
- Depictions of warriors, sieges and combats in art
- Illustrations of arms and combats in the Romance of Varqa ve Gülşah
by Paschalis Androudis, Katerina A Manoussou-Ntella, Dimitris Liakos, Alkiviadis Ginalis, Lilyana Yordanova, Evangelos A Papathanassiou, Sotiris Voyadjis, Nebojša Stanković, Elli Tzavella, Jenny Albani, Demetris Athanasoulis, Stavros Arvanitopoulos, cécile khalifa, Stephane Pradines, Mathias Piana, Fabio Coden, Jasmina S. Ciric, Sonia Gkounta, Mustafa Çağhan Keskin, Vincent Ory, Androniki Batzikosta, Georgia Graikou, Paolo Maranzana, Kerim Altug, Petra Lučeničová, Erdal Eser, Ivana Mihaljinec, Michael K Miaoulis, filippos stathoulopoulos, Oleg G . Ulyanov (Олег Германович Ульянов), and Eleni Faka
The Online International Conference devoted to the Towers in Byzantine and Post Byzantine period ... more The Online International Conference devoted to the Towers in Byzantine and Post Byzantine period (10th-16th centuries), to be held virtually via Zoom from 18 to 20 November 2022, seeks to illuminate aspects of their construction, decoration, function and evolution in time. Our Conference does not aim at exhausting the subject, but will offer an interdisciplinary forum for a selection of talks that touch upon some of the following aspects:
- Single (free)- standing towers
- Monastic Towers
- Towers in maritime forts, harbors and arsenals
- Towers in Palaces
- Donjons
- Towers with gates
- Byzantine Towers in Asia Minor (Anatolia)
- Towers of the Frankish, Venetian and Genoese rulers
- Towers of the Order of St. John
- Genoese Towers in Turkey
- Seljuk Towers
- Ottoman Towers
- Post-Byzantine Towers
- Towers with canons
- Tower Houses of the Byzantine, Frankish, Venetian and
early Ottoman Period
- Inscriptions on Towers
- Heraldry in Towers
- Buttressed Towers
by Paschalis Androudis, Mustafa Çağhan Keskin, Lilyana Yordanova, Maximilian Hartmuth, Efthymios Rizos, Melina Perdikopoulou, Katerina Kousoula, Androniki Batzikosta, Sonia Gkounta, Dimitris P. Drakoulis, Nikolaos Vryzidis, Georgia Graikou, Dimitris Liakos, Aineias Oikonomou, Varvara Papadopoulou, Tenia Anastasiadou, Ρούλα Σδρόλια, Kostas Kamburidis, Ayşe KAYAPINAR, Χρύσα Μελκίδη, ELEFTHERIA TSAKANIKA, Emre Kolay, Eleni Faka, Marina Petkakis, and Eleftheria Konstantinidou Machiel Kiel is a pioneering and prominent figure in the study of Ottoman architecture in the Bal... more Machiel Kiel is a pioneering and prominent figure in the study of Ottoman architecture in the Balkans. He has traveled and researched the area extensively since the late 1960s.The Ottoman monuments in Greece are studied by him beginning with an article on Thessaloniki, which was published in the Balkan Studies journal in 1970. Nowadays,
more than half a century later, it is worthy to revisit the topic with the organization of an international conference in orde r to trace the current condition of fields such as the research and conservation of Ottoman architecture , urban formation, the history of the city, as well as both Ottoman and Christian art with a focus in Greece
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Papers by Georgia Graikou
as they define territorial boundaries. In many cases, however, the presence of bridges acquires a symbolic character, as they are “bridges” between two opposing worlds, real or even symbolic. The depictions of bridges are divided into categories based on their icono-graphical and iconological characteristics. The first category is the bridge motif as a structural element of the painting. The bridges connect or separate individual elements or episodes of the depictional theme to create a single iconographic composition. In another category the bridge motif is a “link” between the image and the viewer. The perspective depiction of the bridge that escapes the frame of the image functions symbolically by connecting the image's inner “world” with the observer's outer world, making him a shareholder of the depicted theme. One more use of the bridge motif is for decoration. However, another category is depicting conventional bridges in conventional city depictions. Several examples can be found in secular painting, specifically in the frescoes of mansions of the time. In addition, real bridges are illustrated in depictions of real places of pilgrimage and cities. Such examples can be found in copper engravings, portable icons, and wall paintings of the 19th century. The final category is the depictions of bridges in sequential episodes of biopic icons. The bridges are depicted in different episodes of the depiction, connecting them narra-tively.
In conclusion, the role of the bridge motif in many cases is not simply decorative, but functions as an integral part of the iconography. Research should be developed in the field of recording and classifying these patterns. Especially the interpretation of their iconographic and semiotic function, and their parallel use by other artistic traditions, such as Western and Ottoman art.
The newer iconography of the saints Constantine and Helen during the time after the fall of Constantinople and especially by the 19th century in Greece and the Balkans is of great interest, not only because it is a natural continuation of a diachronic iconographical tradition, but also because it is linked with historical and cultural changes occurring in the Balkans during this period. In our presentation, we will attempt to approach the iconography of the saints Constantine and Helen, and especially the so – called “typical scene”, based on our in situ research in churches of the 19th century in Greece, as well as our selective review of the pertinent literature. The main conclusions of our research are: (a) The iconography of isapostoloi generally follows the timeless tradition but with many interesting variations. (b) Iconographical changes are associated with stylistic changes. (c) The pervasiveness of giving honor to Sts. Constantine and Helen in the 19th century constitutes the continuation of faith tradition, while it also appears to be associated with the historical and cultural changes occurring in Greece and in the Balkans during this period. The new Christian nations, trying to support their national independence and establish their state constitution, promote the iconographic themes which are related with isapostoloi as symbols of a stable and a successful government. It is proven that the study of iconography has many interdisciplinary aspects and many iconographic themes mutate over time interconnected with historical and cultural changes.
The paper is based on a research program led by the first author with the collaboratons of the co-authors. It concerns the registration of 244 catalogue entries of monuments in Middle Byzantine Thessaloniki.
Conference Program by Georgia Graikou
Papers [History of Art and Cultural Studies] by Georgia Graikou
Η νεότερη αρχαιολογική έρευνα αποκάλυψε πολύ παλαιότερες φορητές εικόνες. Τη δεκαετία του 1980 ο αείμνηστος αρχαιολόγος Θανάσης Παπαζώτος κατέγραψε και μελέτησε πολλές εικόνες τις οποίες χρονολόγησε στα τέλη του 15ου και στις αρχές του 17ου αι.
Στις αρχές της δεκαετίας του 2000 είχαμε την ευκαιρία να ερευνήσουμε πολλές ακόμα φορητές εικόνες, οι οποίες επεκτείνουν τις γνώσεις μας για τη μεταβυζαντινή και νεότερη εκκλησιαστική ζωγραφική της περιοχής της Ρητίνης. Οι καταγραφές μας καλύπτουν ένα ευρύ χρονολογικό φάσμα, από τον 16ο έως τις αρχές του 20ου αι., στους ναούς της Αγίας Τριάδος, Κοιμήσεως της Θεοτόκου, Αγίου Γεωργίου Βίγλας Ρητίνης και στο ξωκκλήσι της Παλαιοπαναγιάς λίγο έξω από τον οικισμό.
Η μελέτη των εικόνων αυτών στο σύνολό τους, αφενός μεν συμβάλλει στην σκιαγράφηση της φυσιογνωμίας της μεταβυζαντινής ζωγραφικής παράδοσης όχι μόνο της Ρητίνης και της Πιερίας, αλλά και ευρύτερα του κεντρομακεδονικού χώρου και αφετέρου συμπληρώνει τις γνώσεις μας για τη δράση επώνυμων ή ανώνυμων ζωγραφικών εργαστηρίων που δρουν στην ευρύτερη περιοχή το διάστημα αυτά.
Στη μελέτη μας θα παρουσιάσουμε τις εικόνες αυτές σε ομάδες ανάλογα με τα τεχνοτροπικά και τα χρονολογικά τους δεδομένα, αναγνωρίζοντας ζωγραφικά εργαστήρια και ομοιότητες με ομόχρονα εργαστήρια της ευρύτερης περιοχής. Σε ξεχωριστό παράρτημα της εργασίας μας παρουσιάζουμε πλήρη κατάλογο των φορητών εικόνων ανάλογα με τον ναό ανεύρεσης.
Symposia, Conferences, Workshops by Georgia Graikou
Nowadays, more than 30 years after the publication of his book it is worthly to revisit and widen its topic in time, with the organization of an international conference on Travelers in the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires (12th-16th c.) dedicated to his work and loving memory. The Conference will be hybrid (in Venice and virtually via zoom), from 15 to 17 December 2023.
The proposed scholarly meeting seeks to illuminate not only the topic of Travelers and their writings, but also to offer an interdisciplinary forum for a selection of papers that may touch upon some of the following aspects:
Travelers to Byzantium
Travelers to Greece and Asia Minor
Travelers to Constantinople
Travelers to Cyprus
Travelers to Istanbul
Travelers in the Balkans
Travelers in Anatolia
Arab travelers to Byzantium
Western Travelers to Byzantium
Jewish Travelers to Byzantium
Russian travelers to Byzantium
Byzantine travelers to the East
Byzantine travelers to the West
Silk routes travelers
Ibn Battutta
Western travelers to the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman travelers in the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman travelers to the West
Monuments through travelers’ chronicles
Objects of minor arts through travelers’ chronicles
Merchants and their travels
Ambassadors and travels
Travels and ports
Travels and accommodation (inns, hans)
Travels by sea
Isolarii
Maps and mapmaking
Portolans
Languages of Conference: English, French, Italian, Greek.
The Proceedings of the Conference will be published by the Hellenic Institute of Venice.
- Military campaigns, strategies and tactics
- Philosophy of Medieval war in Byzantium and the Mediterranean
- Psychological Warfare Techniques
- Combat arms (lances, swords, sabers, maces, hammers, knives, axes)
- Bows and crossbows
- Turkic bows
- Byzantine and Islamic great crossbows
- Military equipment (helmets, lamellar armors
- Warhorses and their equipment
- Mercenaries in armies
- Rus’ and Varangians
- Byzantine warriors
- Bulgarian warriors
- Arab warriors
- Crusader warriors
- Seljuk warriors
- Mongol warriors
- Mamluk warriors
- Man-powered mangonels
- Man-powered beam-sling mangonel
- Engines to shoot large arrows
- Ballistic machines
- Assault devices
- Stone-throwing counter-weight mangonel (or trebuchet)
- Mangonel balls
- Greek Fire projecting siphons
- Incendiary rockets
- Ceramic Grenades
- Hand cannons
- Early Cannons
- Siege Weapons
- Mobile sheds to protect men
- Byzantine Military Manuals
- Arab Military Manuals
- Latin Military Manuals
- Siege Illustrations in Manuscripts
- Arms in literature (epic poems and romances)
- Depictions of warriors, sieges and combats in art
- Illustrations of arms and combats in the Romance of Varqa ve Gülşah
- Single (free)- standing towers
- Monastic Towers
- Towers in maritime forts, harbors and arsenals
- Towers in Palaces
- Donjons
- Towers with gates
- Byzantine Towers in Asia Minor (Anatolia)
- Towers of the Frankish, Venetian and Genoese rulers
- Towers of the Order of St. John
- Genoese Towers in Turkey
- Seljuk Towers
- Ottoman Towers
- Post-Byzantine Towers
- Towers with canons
- Tower Houses of the Byzantine, Frankish, Venetian and
early Ottoman Period
- Inscriptions on Towers
- Heraldry in Towers
- Buttressed Towers
more than half a century later, it is worthy to revisit the topic with the organization of an international conference in orde r to trace the current condition of fields such as the research and conservation of Ottoman architecture , urban formation, the history of the city, as well as both Ottoman and Christian art with a focus in Greece
as they define territorial boundaries. In many cases, however, the presence of bridges acquires a symbolic character, as they are “bridges” between two opposing worlds, real or even symbolic. The depictions of bridges are divided into categories based on their icono-graphical and iconological characteristics. The first category is the bridge motif as a structural element of the painting. The bridges connect or separate individual elements or episodes of the depictional theme to create a single iconographic composition. In another category the bridge motif is a “link” between the image and the viewer. The perspective depiction of the bridge that escapes the frame of the image functions symbolically by connecting the image's inner “world” with the observer's outer world, making him a shareholder of the depicted theme. One more use of the bridge motif is for decoration. However, another category is depicting conventional bridges in conventional city depictions. Several examples can be found in secular painting, specifically in the frescoes of mansions of the time. In addition, real bridges are illustrated in depictions of real places of pilgrimage and cities. Such examples can be found in copper engravings, portable icons, and wall paintings of the 19th century. The final category is the depictions of bridges in sequential episodes of biopic icons. The bridges are depicted in different episodes of the depiction, connecting them narra-tively.
In conclusion, the role of the bridge motif in many cases is not simply decorative, but functions as an integral part of the iconography. Research should be developed in the field of recording and classifying these patterns. Especially the interpretation of their iconographic and semiotic function, and their parallel use by other artistic traditions, such as Western and Ottoman art.
The newer iconography of the saints Constantine and Helen during the time after the fall of Constantinople and especially by the 19th century in Greece and the Balkans is of great interest, not only because it is a natural continuation of a diachronic iconographical tradition, but also because it is linked with historical and cultural changes occurring in the Balkans during this period. In our presentation, we will attempt to approach the iconography of the saints Constantine and Helen, and especially the so – called “typical scene”, based on our in situ research in churches of the 19th century in Greece, as well as our selective review of the pertinent literature. The main conclusions of our research are: (a) The iconography of isapostoloi generally follows the timeless tradition but with many interesting variations. (b) Iconographical changes are associated with stylistic changes. (c) The pervasiveness of giving honor to Sts. Constantine and Helen in the 19th century constitutes the continuation of faith tradition, while it also appears to be associated with the historical and cultural changes occurring in Greece and in the Balkans during this period. The new Christian nations, trying to support their national independence and establish their state constitution, promote the iconographic themes which are related with isapostoloi as symbols of a stable and a successful government. It is proven that the study of iconography has many interdisciplinary aspects and many iconographic themes mutate over time interconnected with historical and cultural changes.
The paper is based on a research program led by the first author with the collaboratons of the co-authors. It concerns the registration of 244 catalogue entries of monuments in Middle Byzantine Thessaloniki.
Η νεότερη αρχαιολογική έρευνα αποκάλυψε πολύ παλαιότερες φορητές εικόνες. Τη δεκαετία του 1980 ο αείμνηστος αρχαιολόγος Θανάσης Παπαζώτος κατέγραψε και μελέτησε πολλές εικόνες τις οποίες χρονολόγησε στα τέλη του 15ου και στις αρχές του 17ου αι.
Στις αρχές της δεκαετίας του 2000 είχαμε την ευκαιρία να ερευνήσουμε πολλές ακόμα φορητές εικόνες, οι οποίες επεκτείνουν τις γνώσεις μας για τη μεταβυζαντινή και νεότερη εκκλησιαστική ζωγραφική της περιοχής της Ρητίνης. Οι καταγραφές μας καλύπτουν ένα ευρύ χρονολογικό φάσμα, από τον 16ο έως τις αρχές του 20ου αι., στους ναούς της Αγίας Τριάδος, Κοιμήσεως της Θεοτόκου, Αγίου Γεωργίου Βίγλας Ρητίνης και στο ξωκκλήσι της Παλαιοπαναγιάς λίγο έξω από τον οικισμό.
Η μελέτη των εικόνων αυτών στο σύνολό τους, αφενός μεν συμβάλλει στην σκιαγράφηση της φυσιογνωμίας της μεταβυζαντινής ζωγραφικής παράδοσης όχι μόνο της Ρητίνης και της Πιερίας, αλλά και ευρύτερα του κεντρομακεδονικού χώρου και αφετέρου συμπληρώνει τις γνώσεις μας για τη δράση επώνυμων ή ανώνυμων ζωγραφικών εργαστηρίων που δρουν στην ευρύτερη περιοχή το διάστημα αυτά.
Στη μελέτη μας θα παρουσιάσουμε τις εικόνες αυτές σε ομάδες ανάλογα με τα τεχνοτροπικά και τα χρονολογικά τους δεδομένα, αναγνωρίζοντας ζωγραφικά εργαστήρια και ομοιότητες με ομόχρονα εργαστήρια της ευρύτερης περιοχής. Σε ξεχωριστό παράρτημα της εργασίας μας παρουσιάζουμε πλήρη κατάλογο των φορητών εικόνων ανάλογα με τον ναό ανεύρεσης.
Nowadays, more than 30 years after the publication of his book it is worthly to revisit and widen its topic in time, with the organization of an international conference on Travelers in the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires (12th-16th c.) dedicated to his work and loving memory. The Conference will be hybrid (in Venice and virtually via zoom), from 15 to 17 December 2023.
The proposed scholarly meeting seeks to illuminate not only the topic of Travelers and their writings, but also to offer an interdisciplinary forum for a selection of papers that may touch upon some of the following aspects:
Travelers to Byzantium
Travelers to Greece and Asia Minor
Travelers to Constantinople
Travelers to Cyprus
Travelers to Istanbul
Travelers in the Balkans
Travelers in Anatolia
Arab travelers to Byzantium
Western Travelers to Byzantium
Jewish Travelers to Byzantium
Russian travelers to Byzantium
Byzantine travelers to the East
Byzantine travelers to the West
Silk routes travelers
Ibn Battutta
Western travelers to the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman travelers in the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman travelers to the West
Monuments through travelers’ chronicles
Objects of minor arts through travelers’ chronicles
Merchants and their travels
Ambassadors and travels
Travels and ports
Travels and accommodation (inns, hans)
Travels by sea
Isolarii
Maps and mapmaking
Portolans
Languages of Conference: English, French, Italian, Greek.
The Proceedings of the Conference will be published by the Hellenic Institute of Venice.
- Military campaigns, strategies and tactics
- Philosophy of Medieval war in Byzantium and the Mediterranean
- Psychological Warfare Techniques
- Combat arms (lances, swords, sabers, maces, hammers, knives, axes)
- Bows and crossbows
- Turkic bows
- Byzantine and Islamic great crossbows
- Military equipment (helmets, lamellar armors
- Warhorses and their equipment
- Mercenaries in armies
- Rus’ and Varangians
- Byzantine warriors
- Bulgarian warriors
- Arab warriors
- Crusader warriors
- Seljuk warriors
- Mongol warriors
- Mamluk warriors
- Man-powered mangonels
- Man-powered beam-sling mangonel
- Engines to shoot large arrows
- Ballistic machines
- Assault devices
- Stone-throwing counter-weight mangonel (or trebuchet)
- Mangonel balls
- Greek Fire projecting siphons
- Incendiary rockets
- Ceramic Grenades
- Hand cannons
- Early Cannons
- Siege Weapons
- Mobile sheds to protect men
- Byzantine Military Manuals
- Arab Military Manuals
- Latin Military Manuals
- Siege Illustrations in Manuscripts
- Arms in literature (epic poems and romances)
- Depictions of warriors, sieges and combats in art
- Illustrations of arms and combats in the Romance of Varqa ve Gülşah
- Single (free)- standing towers
- Monastic Towers
- Towers in maritime forts, harbors and arsenals
- Towers in Palaces
- Donjons
- Towers with gates
- Byzantine Towers in Asia Minor (Anatolia)
- Towers of the Frankish, Venetian and Genoese rulers
- Towers of the Order of St. John
- Genoese Towers in Turkey
- Seljuk Towers
- Ottoman Towers
- Post-Byzantine Towers
- Towers with canons
- Tower Houses of the Byzantine, Frankish, Venetian and
early Ottoman Period
- Inscriptions on Towers
- Heraldry in Towers
- Buttressed Towers
more than half a century later, it is worthy to revisit the topic with the organization of an international conference in orde r to trace the current condition of fields such as the research and conservation of Ottoman architecture , urban formation, the history of the city, as well as both Ottoman and Christian art with a focus in Greece