Papers by Gayatri Dhobale
BP International publication, 2025
The field of bioactive compounds has witnessed significant advancements over the past three decad... more The field of bioactive compounds has witnessed significant advancements over the past three decades, resulting in the discovery of novel therapeutic agents and the improvement of existing ones. This comprehensive review explores developments in the chemistry of bioactive compounds, with an emphasis on synthesis, structural modifications, and wide-ranging therapeutic applications. Natural products remain invaluable sources of bioactive molecules due to their diverse chemical structures and biological activities. Synthetic modifications and analog development have enhanced the efficacy, selectivity, and safety profiles of these compounds. Biotechnological approaches have accelerated drug discovery and optimization processes, while advancements in drug delivery systems have improved the bioavailability and therapeutic index of drugs. Despite these advancements, challenges such as drug resistance, safety concerns, and regulatory hurdles persist. Future perspectives highlight the importance of personalized medicine, artificial intelligence in drug discovery, novel drug delivery technologies, and sustainable drug development. Continued interdisciplinary research and innovation are essential to overcome current challenges and fully harness the therapeutic potential of bioactive compounds, ultimately improving global health outcomes.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance (2024), 2024
In order to accurately determine valsartan (API), this work aims to build a straightforward and e... more In order to accurately determine valsartan (API), this work aims to build a straightforward and exact UV spectroscopic approach. To improve sensitivity and accuracy, the procedure entails methodically optimizing experimental parameters, including solvent choice and wavelength selection. The produced stock solutions were tested for absorbance at 249 nm using a UV spectrophotometer. With %RSD values below 2% for both intra-and inter-day, the devised approach was determined to be quite accurate. At each additional concentration, the approach was shown to be accurate, yielding good drug recoveries ranging from 98 to 101%. The process was validated for linearity, specificity, accuracy, precision and limit of detection (LoD) and limit of quantification (LoQ) as per International Council of Harmonization (ICH) criteria. Its dependability for quantitative analysis of valsartan in pharmaceutical formulations was demonstrated. This UV spectroscopic approach offers a cost-effective and efficient alternative for routine quality control in pharmaceutical industries.
IJDDT,Vol14,Issue2,Article, 2024
This study was designed to develop and evaluate a transdermal patch containing brucine sulphate, ... more This study was designed to develop and evaluate a transdermal patch containing brucine sulphate, a herb-based ingredient.
Because of its potential to treat a wide range of illnesses with fewer side effects and higher efficacy, herbal medicines are gaining
popularity in today’s society. Researchers in the field of phytoformulation have shown that there are a lot of benefits to enhancing
the pharmacological activity of herbal drugs by creating nano dosage forms such as nanoparticles, nano-capsules, liposomes,
nano-emulsion, and transdermal patches. Drugs can be delivered to patients in a regulated manner through transdermal drug
delivery systems. It decreases systemic side effects and, in some cases, provides efficacy compared to other dose forms by
enabling a consistent blood level profile. Patch preparation done by using naturally occurring polymers. Thickness, moisture
content, folding endurance, and content homogeneity are some of the evaluation measures that are carried out. The transdermal
patches evaluated successfully. Average weight of patch was 2.65 g, having folding endurance 94 times and pH of patch was
5.69, moisture content was 7.9%.
Keywords: Anti-inflammatory, Transdermal patches, Brucine sulphate, Formulation, Evaluation
Ticagrelor is a contemporary anti-platelet drug that inhibits the aggregation of platelets by blo... more Ticagrelor is a contemporary anti-platelet drug that inhibits the aggregation of platelets by blocking the adenosine phosphate (ADP) receptors of the subtype P2Y12; generally utilized in patients who have a previous history of myocardial infarction or with acute coronary syndrome to prevent occurring of myocardial infarction, cardiovascular death and stroke in future. This study focuses on the development of formulation development & assessment of an oral dispersible tablet of ticagrelor, a Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) class 4 drug, by using the co-processed superdisintegrants to enhance drug dissolution and bioavailability. Wet granules with different concentrations of co-processed superdisintegrants developed the tablets. This study includes seven formulations that were formulated using the different selected excipients. The various batches were assessed for physical characteristics, disintegration, dissolution studies, hardness and friability. In-vitro dissolution investigations were conducted for formulations. S1 to S7 at time points 5, 15 and 30 minutes. According to the results of the formulation S7 was discovered to be the optimum formulation, as shown 102.89% drug release at 5 minutes and a disintegration time of 16 seconds. Thus, it appears that S7 is the most suitable formulation of ticagrelor oral dispersible tablet in order for enhanced bioavailability.
Ticagrelor is a contemporary anti-platelet drug that inhibits the aggregation of platelets by blo... more Ticagrelor is a contemporary anti-platelet drug that inhibits the aggregation of platelets by blocking the adenosine phosphate (ADP) receptors of the subtype P2Y12; generally utilized in patients who have a previous history of myocardial infarction or with acute coronary syndrome to prevent occurring of myocardial infarction, cardiovascular death and stroke in future. This study focuses on the development of formulation development & assessment of an oral dispersible tablet of ticagrelor, a Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) class 4 drug, by using the co-processed superdisintegrants to enhance drug dissolution and bioavailability. Wet granules with different concentrations of co-processed superdisintegrants developed the tablets. This study includes seven formulations that were formulated using the different selected excipients. The various batches were assessed for physical characteristics, disintegration, dissolution studies, hardness and friability. In-vitro dissolution investigations were conducted for formulations. S1 to S7 at time points 5, 15 and 30 minutes. According to the results of the formulation S7 was discovered to be the optimum formulation, as shown 102.89% drug release at 5 minutes and a disintegration time of 16 seconds. Thus, it appears that S7 is the most suitable formulation of ticagrelor oral dispersible tablet in order for enhanced bioavailability.
Among the most significant issues with pharmaceutical production in shared facilities is the risk... more Among the most significant issues with pharmaceutical production in shared facilities is the risk of cross-contamination, which lowers product quality and costs the business a lot of money. This work set out to evaluate a cleaning approach by creating and testing a straightforward UV spectrophotometric method for estimating sildenafil citrate in swab samples. To get a good recovery from a stainless steel surface utilising a sterile cotton swab stick, the swabbing technique was fine-tuned. A wavelength of 292.20 nm was chosen for detection. Linearity, precision, accuracy, detection limit, and quantification limit were the criteria used to validate the suggested approach. A correlation coefficient of 0.9993 was determined for the regression line after studying linearity throughout a concentration range of 5 to 25 μg/mL. An average of 88.23% was recovered.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance (2023), 2023
Aim: The current research aims to create a high-resolution and validated liquid chromatographic m... more Aim: The current research aims to create a high-resolution and validated liquid chromatographic method used for quantitative detection of etoricoxib within dosage forms that is both easy to use and reliable in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and reproducibility. Materials and Methods: Analysis was carried out at isocratic conditions at flow rate of 0.7 mL/min using a mobile phase consisting of 40 parts methanol to 60 parts water (0.1% OPA) at pH 3.2. The eluents were tested using UV detection at 236 nm. Results: Etoricoxib had clearly separated peaks with a retention duration of 4.347 minutes in the optimized settings. The concentration range used to generate the calibration curve was 10 to 60 µg/mL. LoD was 0.0779 µg/mL, and upper LoQ was 0.23 µg/mL. The approach has been effective in separating a known quantity of etoricoxib, and the percentage of degradation was shown to be very low across all stress settings. Conclusion: Etoricoxib in bulk drug and commercial formulations can be identified and quantified using the proposed method, which has been validated in accordance with ICH recommendations.
International Journal of Biology, Pharmacy and Allied Sciences, 2022
Since the pandemic began (COVID19), India has confirmed more than 38 million cases and over 487,7... more Since the pandemic began (COVID19), India has confirmed more than 38 million cases and over 487,719 deaths. The country has recorded the second-highest number of Covid-19 infections in the world after the United States. India launched first home-made vaccine "Covaxin" in January, 2021 to eradicate the corona virus.Bharat Biotech International Limited in collaboration with Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has developed an inactivated whole virion COVID-19 vaccine, COVAXIN. The COVAXIN has been evaluated for its safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity in phase 1 and 2 clinical trials and the trial reports were submitted to the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) India. The double-dose vaccine showed significantly higher neutralizing antibody responses in Phase II than in Phase I due to the difference in dosing regimens that changed to a 4-week apart injection schedule from a 2-week course. by December 31, 89.4% of adults had received their first dose and 64.2% had been fully vaccinated The purpose of the paper is to aware the whole community regarding the India's first developed vaccine COVAXIN, its safety and efficacy, adverse effects and minimum complications like others vaccine. This is one of the promising weapons to fight against unknown COVID19, the silent killer. As per Government circular the price of Covid vaccines (COVAXIN) at private hospitals at Rs 1410 per dose. The reasonable cost of the vaccine, the common people can easily take the vaccine to protect from corona virus. So, India's developed vaccine COVAXINtakes a role to eradicate the coronavirus in the near future and save millions of people's lives against COVID19.
International Journal of Biology, Pharmacy and Allied Sciences, 2022
According to global pandemic of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute ... more According to global pandemic of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has created an urgent need for effective 1 .Its unique structural features allow high concentrations of the active triphosphate metabolite to be delivered intracellularly and it evades proofreading to successfully inhibit viral RNA synthesis. 1 In pre-clinical
International Journal of Biology, Pharmacy and Allied Sciences , 2022
Self-Nano Emulsifying Formulations for Oral Drug Delivery Systems (SNEDDS)are the most prevailing... more Self-Nano Emulsifying Formulations for Oral Drug Delivery Systems (SNEDDS)are the most prevailing and commercially available oil-based approach for drugs that exhibit low dissolution rate and inadequate absorption. SNEDDS for oral drug delivery are highly in quest due to their innumerable benefits like better portability, improved stability, and higher drug loading, coupled with ease and economy of their production. SNEDDS is a proven method for increasing the solubility and bioavailability of lipophilic compounds. Encapsulating a drug in SNEDDS can lead to increased solubilization, stability in the gastro-intestinal tract, and absorption resulting in enhanced bioavailability. Supersaturated, mucus-permeating, and targeted SNEDDSs can be developed for increasing efficacy and patient compliance. This paper presents an overview of the SNEDDSs for the oral administration of both lipophilic and hydrophilic compounds, their mechanism, formulation excipients and potentials of SNEDDSs, recent advancements, advantages and disadvantages of SNEDDSs formulations.
International Journal of Biology, Pharmacy and Allied Sciences, 2021
Now-a-days, dispersible drug delivery systems are extensively used to improve bioavailability and... more Now-a-days, dispersible drug delivery systems are extensively used to improve bioavailability and patient compliance. Over the past three decades, dispersible tablets have gained considerable attention as a preferred alternative to conventional tablets and capsules due to better patient compliance, improved solubility and stability profiles. Dispersible tablets could be preferred choice especially with those drugs sensitive to GI fluids, for masking bitter taste of drug and for patients under category of pediatrics , geriatrics, bedridden , postoperative and who may have difficulty in swallowing the conventional tablets and capsules. The convenience of administration and improved patients compliance are important in the design of oral drug delivery s system which remains the preferred route of drug delivery inspite of various disadvantage.one such problem can be solved in the novel drug delivery system by formulating oral disintegrating tablets which disintegrates rapidly without water within few seconds in the mouth due to action of super disintegrants in the formulation.
International Journal of Biology, Pharmacy and Allied Sciences, 2021
The microspheres also are referred to as as micro-particles. To conquer a number of the troubles ... more The microspheres also are referred to as as micro-particles. To conquer a number of the troubles of conventional remedy and decorate the healing efficacy of a given drug they are designed. At the goal tissue the drug must deliver in an most useful quantity in the proper period of time with the minimal facet impact and most healing impact, to get the favored effect. The microspheres acquired much interest no longer only for the prolonged release however also for focused on of the anticancer drugs to the tumour. The microsphere are round microparticles and are used where predictable and consistent particle surface location is critical.. The microspheres has the drug placed centrally in the particle wherein it's miles encased inside the unique polymeric membrane. This assessment makes a speciality of types, materials used, one of a kind methods of guidance, evaluation and applications of microspheres.
International Journal of Biology, Pharmacy and Allied Sciences, 2021
Analytical method validation is a process which has been demonstrated to provide a high degree of... more Analytical method validation is a process which has been demonstrated to provide a high degree of assurance that uniform batches will be produced a result that meet the required specifications. It is a process to confirm that the analytical procedure used for a specific test is suitable for intended use and help to improve identity, safety, quality, purity and potency of the drug substance. Cycloserine is an Antibiotic used to treat tuberculosis. The physiochemical characterization studies showed that Cycloserine is white to pale yellow crystalline powder, hygroscopic in nature and has melting point is 155 to 156 °C. Cycloserine is soluble in water, slightly soluble in methanol, propylene glycol .Develop a simple, precise and accurate UV Visible method for cycloserine drug. After considering the solubility water was selected as a solvent. Cycloserine showed maximum absorbance at 226.80 nm. In this method the linearity is observed between the range of 5-25 µg/ml. Precision, Robustness, Ruggedness parameter were studied. Also Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) were validated. The method or all parameter were validated with the help of ICH guideline.
International Journal of Biology, Pharmacy and Allied Sciences, 2021
The aim of present investigation is to establish simple, precise, and rapid Spectrophotometric me... more The aim of present investigation is to establish simple, precise, and rapid Spectrophotometric method for the quantification of Acyclovir in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient. In this, work is carried out to for estimation of Acyclovir bulk by utilizing an Area under Curve (AUC) method using UV-Visible Spectrophotometry. The study is designed to validate the developed methods as per ICH guidelines. For this purpose the wavelength range between 200-400 nm was selected. distilled water (50 ml water used for stock solution and serial dilution in 25 ml distilled water) was used as a solvent throughout the work. Linearity was obtained in concentration range 2 to 10 ɥg/ml (r2 =0.999) for the method. The developed method was found to be simple, linear, accurate, precise and highly sensitive and which can be used for routine quality control analysis for Spectrophotometric estimation of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient.
International Journal of Biology, Pharmacy and Allied Sciences, 2021
A simple, accurate, precise and sensitive UV-Vis method has been developed for simultaneous estim... more A simple, accurate, precise and sensitive UV-Vis method has been developed for simultaneous estimation of Saxagliptin HCL and Metformin HCL in active pharmaceutical ingredient form by using quality by design (QbD) approach. A UV spectroscopic method was validated in terms of input variable effects on characteristics of UV spectrum were selected for critical parameters selection and parameters like linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness, ruggedness. The ICH guidelines Q8 to Q11 have discussed QbD implementation in API synthetic process and formulation development. Analytical QbD key tools are identification of critical quality attributes (CQA) with risk assessment, control strategy and Risk assessment, Analytical QbD method validation, continuous method monitoring (CMM) and continual improvement. The wavelength of 204.5nm and 232.5 nm are selected as absorbance maxima for Saxagliptin HCL and Metformin HCL respectively.
Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences, 2021
The objective of the current study was to develop and validate simple and precise UV spectrophoto... more The objective of the current study was to develop and validate simple and precise UV spectrophotometric method for estimation of Varenicline tartate (VRC)in the swab samples to validate cleaning procedure. The swabbing procedure was optimized in order to obtain a suitable recovery from stainless steel surface using 100% sterile cotton swab stick. Detection wavelength selected was 237.60 nm. The proposed method was validated in terms of Linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection and limit of quantitation. Linearity was studied over concentration range of 2-10μg / ml and correlation coefficient was found to be 0.9945 for regression line. A mean recovery obtained was 88.23 %.
Advances in Bioresearch, 2021
The present study was aimed to formulate the herbal hair oil for general purpose using various he... more The present study was aimed to formulate the herbal hair oil for general purpose using various herbs for fewer side effects and have a better safety. The oil is prepared by using Murraya koenigii, Azadirachta indica, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Hibiscus rosasinensis, Aloe barbadensis, Coconut Oil. The formulated polyherbal hair oil was evaluated for the organoleptic properties, pH (6.4), acid value,(1.90), saponification value (181),viscosity (32.40) and pH(6.4) and specific gravity (0.93). This oil used to treat common hair problems such as hair fall, alopecia, dandruff. The Formulated herbal hair oil having minimal or no side effects. The formulated hair oil provide good for hair growth, protection of hairs from dandruff, gives lustrous and shiny hairs.
Advances in Bioresearch, 2021
The aim of investigation was to develop a simple, accurate, precision and rapid UV visible spectr... more The aim of investigation was to develop a simple, accurate, precision and rapid UV visible spectrophotometric method for the determination of pomalidomide in its pure. Pomalidomide was estimates using UV-visible double beam spectrophotometer at the wavelength maxima are 217.40nm in 0.1N NaOH solvent. The drug was characterized by UVvisible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infra-ray (FTIR) and melting point techniques. The analysis of pomalidomide was carried out by UV-visible method which was validated analytical parameters like precision, linearity, accuracy, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ) as per guidelines laid down by ICH.The melting point of pomalidomide was found to be 302.2ᵒc .The FTIR spectra of pomalidomide with potassium bromide was found the sharp and accurate peak.
Advances in Bioresearch, 2021
The objective of this study was to establish a validated method development for routine analysis ... more The objective of this study was to establish a validated method development for routine analysis of Felodipine in bulk
drug samples. A simple, accurate, precise, and cost effective UV-visible spectrophotometric method was the
estimation of Felodipine in its pure.The physicochemical characterization study of Felodipine was performed in UVvisible spectrophotometry, FT-IR and melting point techniques. The absorption maxima of the drug are found to be
362.20 nm in the solvent methanol. The concentration range 5-25 µg/ml was produced linear response with
regression coefficient was 0.9965.Method validation parameters were performed as per the guideline of International
Conference for Harmonization. The melting point was found to be 1430 C in the standard range. The IR spectrum of
Felodipine with potassium bromide was found the sharp and accurate peaks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY ASSURANCE
Aim: The current research aims to create a high-resolution and validated liquid chromatographic m... more Aim: The current research aims to create a high-resolution and validated liquid chromatographic method used for quantitative detection of etoricoxib within dosage forms that is both easy to use and reliable in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and reproducibility. Materials and Methods: Analysis was carried out at isocratic conditions at flow rate of 0.7 mL/min using a mobile phase consisting of 40 parts methanol to 60 parts water (0.1% OPA) at pH 3.2. The eluents were tested using UV detection at 236 nm. Results: Etoricoxib had clearly separated peaks with a retention duration of 4.347 minutes in the optimized settings. The concentration range used to generate the calibration curve was 10 to 60 μg/mL. LoD was 0.0779 μg/mL, and upper LoQ was 0.23 μg/mL. The approach has been effective in separating a known quantity of etoricoxib, and the percentage of degradation was shown to be very low across all stress settings. Conclusion: Etoricoxib in bulk drug and commercial formulations can be...
Uploads
Papers by Gayatri Dhobale
Because of its potential to treat a wide range of illnesses with fewer side effects and higher efficacy, herbal medicines are gaining
popularity in today’s society. Researchers in the field of phytoformulation have shown that there are a lot of benefits to enhancing
the pharmacological activity of herbal drugs by creating nano dosage forms such as nanoparticles, nano-capsules, liposomes,
nano-emulsion, and transdermal patches. Drugs can be delivered to patients in a regulated manner through transdermal drug
delivery systems. It decreases systemic side effects and, in some cases, provides efficacy compared to other dose forms by
enabling a consistent blood level profile. Patch preparation done by using naturally occurring polymers. Thickness, moisture
content, folding endurance, and content homogeneity are some of the evaluation measures that are carried out. The transdermal
patches evaluated successfully. Average weight of patch was 2.65 g, having folding endurance 94 times and pH of patch was
5.69, moisture content was 7.9%.
Keywords: Anti-inflammatory, Transdermal patches, Brucine sulphate, Formulation, Evaluation
drug samples. A simple, accurate, precise, and cost effective UV-visible spectrophotometric method was the
estimation of Felodipine in its pure.The physicochemical characterization study of Felodipine was performed in UVvisible spectrophotometry, FT-IR and melting point techniques. The absorption maxima of the drug are found to be
362.20 nm in the solvent methanol. The concentration range 5-25 µg/ml was produced linear response with
regression coefficient was 0.9965.Method validation parameters were performed as per the guideline of International
Conference for Harmonization. The melting point was found to be 1430 C in the standard range. The IR spectrum of
Felodipine with potassium bromide was found the sharp and accurate peaks.
Because of its potential to treat a wide range of illnesses with fewer side effects and higher efficacy, herbal medicines are gaining
popularity in today’s society. Researchers in the field of phytoformulation have shown that there are a lot of benefits to enhancing
the pharmacological activity of herbal drugs by creating nano dosage forms such as nanoparticles, nano-capsules, liposomes,
nano-emulsion, and transdermal patches. Drugs can be delivered to patients in a regulated manner through transdermal drug
delivery systems. It decreases systemic side effects and, in some cases, provides efficacy compared to other dose forms by
enabling a consistent blood level profile. Patch preparation done by using naturally occurring polymers. Thickness, moisture
content, folding endurance, and content homogeneity are some of the evaluation measures that are carried out. The transdermal
patches evaluated successfully. Average weight of patch was 2.65 g, having folding endurance 94 times and pH of patch was
5.69, moisture content was 7.9%.
Keywords: Anti-inflammatory, Transdermal patches, Brucine sulphate, Formulation, Evaluation
drug samples. A simple, accurate, precise, and cost effective UV-visible spectrophotometric method was the
estimation of Felodipine in its pure.The physicochemical characterization study of Felodipine was performed in UVvisible spectrophotometry, FT-IR and melting point techniques. The absorption maxima of the drug are found to be
362.20 nm in the solvent methanol. The concentration range 5-25 µg/ml was produced linear response with
regression coefficient was 0.9965.Method validation parameters were performed as per the guideline of International
Conference for Harmonization. The melting point was found to be 1430 C in the standard range. The IR spectrum of
Felodipine with potassium bromide was found the sharp and accurate peaks.