Early-onset familial Alzheimer&am... more Early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (AD) caused by presenilin-1 mutation E280A (PS1-E280A) presents wide clinical and neuropathological variabilities. We characterized clinically and neuropathologically PS1-E280A focusing in cerebellar involvement and compared it with early-onset sporadic Alzheimer's disease (EOSAD). Twelve E280A brains and 12 matched EOSAD brains were analyzed for beta-amyloid and hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) morphology, beta-amyloid subspecies 1-40, 1-42 levels, pTau levels, and expression of stress kinases in frontal cortex and cerebellum. The data were correlated to clinical and genetic findings. We observed higher beta-amyloid load, beta-amyloid 1-42 and pTau concentrations in frontal cortex of PS1-E280A compared with EOSAD. High beta-amyloid load was found in the cerebellum of PS1-E280A and EOSAD patients. In PS1-E280A, beta-amyloid localized to the molecular and Purkinje cell layers, whereas EOSAD showed them in Purkinje and granular cell layers. Surprisingly, 11 out of 12 PS1-E280A patients showed deposition of pTau in the cerebellum. Also, seven out of 12 PS1-E280A patients presented cerebellar ataxia. We conclude that deposition of beta-amyloid in the cerebellum is prominent in early-onset AD irrespective of genetic or sporadic origin. The presence of pTau in cerebellum in PS1-E280A underscores the relevance of cerebellar involvement in AD and might be correlated to clinical phenotype.
Even though cognitive impairment in brain vascular disease has been widely described, there is no... more Even though cognitive impairment in brain vascular disease has been widely described, there is not much known about specific neuropsychological profiles in affected families suffering from hereditary vascular dementia CADASIL. In Colombia we have reported for the first time two large kindreds suffering from CADASIL in the Antioquia region (Colombia). Those families carry mutations R1031C and C455R in notch 3 gene, respectively. In this study, we have develop a comparative analysis between 16 affected carriers of R1031C (family A) and 7 affected carriers of mutation C455R (family B). This includes a description of cognitive performance in these two groups applying specific protocols evaluating several cognitive functions, depression and everyday functionality. Analysis showed differences in age of onset, evolution time, dementia diagnosis and degree of leukoencephalopaty between R1031C and C455R carriers. Statistically significant differences were found in tests evaluating multiple cognitive domains with higher prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia in R1031C carriers (p<0.05). There were not statistically significant differences in tests evaluating sustained attention, abstract reasoning, semantical and phonological fluence, reading, arithmetic, executive functions, depression scales and functional scales.
Early-onset familial Alzheimer&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;am... more Early-onset familial Alzheimer&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease (AD) caused by presenilin-1 mutation E280A (PS1-E280A) presents wide clinical and neuropathological variabilities. We characterized clinically and neuropathologically PS1-E280A focusing in cerebellar involvement and compared it with early-onset sporadic Alzheimer&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease (EOSAD). Twelve E280A brains and 12 matched EOSAD brains were analyzed for beta-amyloid and hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) morphology, beta-amyloid subspecies 1-40, 1-42 levels, pTau levels, and expression of stress kinases in frontal cortex and cerebellum. The data were correlated to clinical and genetic findings. We observed higher beta-amyloid load, beta-amyloid 1-42 and pTau concentrations in frontal cortex of PS1-E280A compared with EOSAD. High beta-amyloid load was found in the cerebellum of PS1-E280A and EOSAD patients. In PS1-E280A, beta-amyloid localized to the molecular and Purkinje cell layers, whereas EOSAD showed them in Purkinje and granular cell layers. Surprisingly, 11 out of 12 PS1-E280A patients showed deposition of pTau in the cerebellum. Also, seven out of 12 PS1-E280A patients presented cerebellar ataxia. We conclude that deposition of beta-amyloid in the cerebellum is prominent in early-onset AD irrespective of genetic or sporadic origin. The presence of pTau in cerebellum in PS1-E280A underscores the relevance of cerebellar involvement in AD and might be correlated to clinical phenotype.
Even though cognitive impairment in brain vascular disease has been widely described, there is no... more Even though cognitive impairment in brain vascular disease has been widely described, there is not much known about specific neuropsychological profiles in affected families suffering from hereditary vascular dementia CADASIL. In Colombia we have reported for the first time two large kindreds suffering from CADASIL in the Antioquia region (Colombia). Those families carry mutations R1031C and C455R in notch 3 gene, respectively. In this study, we have develop a comparative analysis between 16 affected carriers of R1031C (family A) and 7 affected carriers of mutation C455R (family B). This includes a description of cognitive performance in these two groups applying specific protocols evaluating several cognitive functions, depression and everyday functionality. Analysis showed differences in age of onset, evolution time, dementia diagnosis and degree of leukoencephalopaty between R1031C and C455R carriers. Statistically significant differences were found in tests evaluating multiple cognitive domains with higher prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia in R1031C carriers (p<0.05). There were not statistically significant differences in tests evaluating sustained attention, abstract reasoning, semantical and phonological fluence, reading, arithmetic, executive functions, depression scales and functional scales.
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