Elias Götz

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Muqtedar Khan

University of Delaware

Richard Bellamy

University College London

Martin O'Neill

University of York

Noe Cornago

University of the Basque Country, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea

Fabio Vicini

Università di Verona

sandra ponzanesi

Utrecht University

Rafael Domingo Osle

University of Navarra

Maureen Maisha Auma

Hochschule Magdeburg-Stendal University of Applied Sciences

Chandraiah Gopani

G. B. Pant Social Science Institute

Ariel Dulitzky

The University of Texas at Austin

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Papers by Elias Götz

Near abroad: Putin, the West and the contest over Ukraine and the Caucasus

International Affairs, 2018

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The overlooked importance of economics: why the Bush Administration wanted NATO enlargement

Routledge eBooks, Nov 9, 2021

This paper shows that, during 1991-1992, the George H.W. Bush Administration settled to pursue NA... more This paper shows that, during 1991-1992, the George H.W. Bush Administration settled to pursue NATO enlargement in order to ensure both stability in and influence over Europe. Both were necessary subsidiary objectives towards achieving long-term security aims and the medium-term goal of furthering American prosperity. Bush officials concluded that European instability, protectionism, and self-absorption could menace US-led economic globalization. Anchoring NATO at the centre of the post-Cold War European order was seen as the best available response. NATO enlargement would alleviate European security concerns; prevent the emergence of regional security structures that endangered the Alliance; and provide the leverage Washington needed to encourage European participation in America's global economic order. KEYWORDS NATO; US foreign policy; transatlantic relations; European politics; historical research As Joshua Shifrinson's contribution in this issue has shown, the George H.W. Bush Administration decided already by spring 1992 that the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) had to be enlarged. His meticulous assessment reveals how Bush officials sought to restrict Russia's freedom of movement in Central and Eastern Europe and expand US influence over the entire continent-both by retaining and fostering NATO as Europe's security linchpin. Building upon these findings, Shifrinson argues that Washington favoured enlargement to suppress prospective challenges to US pre-eminence from both Russia and Western Europe. 1 And yet, given Shifrinson's assessment of American rationales, it remains puzzling why the Bush Administration advocated this course of action. If preempting a European strategic competitor was indeed Washington's principal aim, why continue to provide for the continent's security? If Russia's return to great-power status was really CONTACT Liviu Horovitz

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Strategic imperatives, status aspirations, or domestic interests? Explaining Russia’s nuclear weapons policy

What are the causes of Russia's increasingly assertive nuclear weapons policy? This article offer... more What are the causes of Russia's increasingly assertive nuclear weapons policy? This article offers a synthetic explanation combining strategic imperatives, status aspirations, and domestic political factors. In brief, it is argued that strategic imperatives go a long way toward explaining Russia's nuclear force modernization. Russia seeks to upgrade its aging nuclear arsenal to maintain an assured second-strike capability. Status aspirations, in turn, can account for many nuclear exercises and maneuvers conducted by Russia. The aim is to promote Russia's image as a great power in world politics. Finally, regime security considerations are the primary driver of Moscow's abrasive nuclear rhetoric, which often caters to a domestic audience. The article unpacks these arguments, demonstrates their explanatory purchase, and discusses policy implications. Keywords Russia • Nuclear weapons • Foreign policy • Analytical eclecticism "Russia's recent use of nuclear rhetoric, exercises and operations are deeply troubling."

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Russia, the West, and the Ukraine crisis: three contending perspectives

Routledge eBooks, Dec 7, 2018

Russia’s role in world politics: power, ideas, and domestic influences

Russia's role in world politics has become the object of a spirited debate among policymakers, th... more Russia's role in world politics has become the object of a spirited debate among policymakers, think-tank analysts, and academics. Much of this debate focuses on one central question: What are the main drivers, or causes, of Moscow's increasingly proactive and assertive foreign policy? The purpose of this special issue is to address this question by focusing on the interplay of power, ideas, and domestic influences. Our introductory article sets the scene for this analytical endeavor. More specifically, the article has three aims: (1) to review the existing explanations of Moscow's assertiveness; (2) to discuss the challenges, opportunities, and benefits of employing eclectic approaches in the study of Russian foreign policy; and (3) to outline the contributions of the articles that follow.

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Political factors affecting AML/CFT in post-communist Eurasia : the case of Georgia

Journal of Money Laundering Control, 2009

China, Russia, and Twenty-First Century Global Geopolitics

Oxford Scholarship Online, 2018

This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the Chinese–Russian bilateral relationship, ground... more This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the Chinese–Russian bilateral relationship, grounded in a historical perspective, and discusses the implications of the partnership between these two major powers for world order and global geopolitics. The volume compares the national worldviews, priorities, and strategic visions for the Chinese and Russian leadership, examining several aspects of the relationship in detail. The energy trade is the most important component of economic ties, although both sides desire to broaden trade and investments. In the military realm, Russia sells advanced arms to China, and the two countries engage in regular joint exercises. Diplomatically, these two Eurasian powers take similar approaches to conflicts in Ukraine and Syria, and also cooperate on non-traditional security issues, including preventing colored revolutions, cyber management, and terrorism. These issue areas illustrate four themes. Russia and China have common interests that cement th...

Neorealism and Russia's Ukraine policy, 1991–present

Routledge eBooks, Dec 7, 2018

Takeover by Stealth: The Curious Case of Russia’s Belarus Policy

Problems of Post-Communism

Knuste drømme: Rusland, Vesten og den europæiske sikkerhedsordens sammenbrud

Økonomi & Politik

Ruslands storstilede angreb på Ukraine i februar 2022 har knust den europæiske sikkerhedsorden. H... more Ruslands storstilede angreb på Ukraine i februar 2022 har knust den europæiske sikkerhedsorden. Hvordan kunne dette ske? Mens der er blevet skrevet meget om de umiddelbare årsager til krigen, især Putins imperiale tankegang og hans fundamentale fejlopfattelse af ukrainernes vilje og evne til at gøre modstand, sætter denne artikel konflikten ind i et bredere tidsmæssigt og analytisk perspektiv. Artiklen viser, at Rusland på den ene side og USA og dets allierede på den anden side fra begyndelsen af 1990’erne og fremefter, forfulgte konkurrerende politiske visioner i Europa. Den europæiske sikkerhedsarkitektur, der opstod efter den kolde krig, var derfor dømt til at mislykkes før eller siden. Set i bakspejlet er det overraskende, at det tog tre årtier, før det skete.

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In the Hegemon's Shadow

Russia, the West, and the Ukraine Crisis

Russia, the West, and the Ukraine Crisis, 2018

Near Abroad: Russia’s Role in Post-Soviet Eurasia

Europe-Asia Studies

Taking the Longer View: A Neoclassical Realist Account of Russia’s Neighbourhood Policy

Europe-Asia Studies

Why Russia attacked Ukraine: Strategic culture and radicalized narratives

Contemporary Security Policy

Explaining Russia's Opposition to NATO Enlargement: : Strategic Imperatives, Ideas, or Domestic Politics?

Neoclassical Realist Theories, Intervening Variables, and Paradigmatic Boundaries

Foreign Policy Analysis, 2021

Extant neoclassical realist scholarship has identified a range of real-world factors (e.g., state... more Extant neoclassical realist scholarship has identified a range of real-world factors (e.g., state capacity, interest group pressure, strategic culture, and leadership personality) that serve as intervening variables between systemic imperatives and states’ foreign policy behavior. Despite these elaborations, the intervening variable concept remains underdeveloped. In this article, I show that neoclassical realists have lumped together three different types of causal factors under the label intervening variable: (1) moderating factors, (2) complementary factors, and (3) primary causes. Making these distinctions explicit will enable scholars to increase the analytical precision of neoclassical realist approaches, choose appropriate research designs to test them, and define more clearly the paradigmatic boundaries of neoclassical realism vis-à-vis other perspectives.

Enemy at the Gates: A Neoclassical Realist Explanation of Russia's Baltic Policy

Foreign Policy Analysis, 2017

Borders in the Baltic Sea region: suturing the ruptures edited by Andrey Makarychev and Alexandra Yatsyk London, Palgrave Macmillan, 2017, 271 pp., $129.00, ISBN: 978-1-352-00013-9 (hardcover), 978-1-352-00014-6 (e-book)

Journal of Baltic Studies, 2017

It’s geopolitics, stupid: explaining Russia’s Ukraine policy

Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law, 2018

What lies behind Russia’s annexation of Crimea and its confrontational policies towards Ukraine? ... more What lies behind Russia’s annexation of Crimea and its confrontational policies towards Ukraine? This article challenges the widely held perspective that President Putin’s personality and his security-service background is the central driver of Russia’s Ukraine policy. Instead, it puts forward a geopolitical explanation that emphasizes three factors: Ukraine’s geographic location; the EU’s increased activism in Eastern Europe; and the pro- western orientation of the new government in Kiev. Together, these three factors provide Russia with a strong incentive to pursue an assertive policy towards Ukraine. Moscow’s main aim is to regain some control over Kiev’s foreign policy orientation and, if that is not possible, to establish a belt of pro-Russian provinces in Ukraine’s east. The findings of this article suggest, moreover, that the West ’s current policies towards Russia are ineffective and potentially counterproductive. A major readjustment is urgently needed.

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Near abroad: Putin, the West and the contest over Ukraine and the Caucasus

International Affairs, 2018

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The overlooked importance of economics: why the Bush Administration wanted NATO enlargement

Routledge eBooks, Nov 9, 2021

Download

Strategic imperatives, status aspirations, or domestic interests? Explaining Russia’s nuclear weapons policy

Download

Russia, the West, and the Ukraine crisis: three contending perspectives

Routledge eBooks, Dec 7, 2018

Russia’s role in world politics: power, ideas, and domestic influences