Papers by Frederick A Sundberg
Abstract.—The Emigrant Formation at Clayton Ridge, Nevada, consists of 420 m of variably interbed... more Abstract.—The Emigrant Formation at Clayton Ridge, Nevada, consists of 420 m of variably interbedded shale,
siltstone, and limestone representing an outer shelf environment. It ranges in age from the youngest portion of the
Dyeran Stage (Laurentian Waucoban Series; Cambrian Stage 4, Series 2) to Skullrockian Stage (Ibexian Series;
Tremadocian Stage, Lower Ordovician). Consequently, it is condensed compared to other localities. For example, the
age-equivalent succession in the House Range and the Wendover Range of Utah and Nevada, respectively, is seven
times thicker.
The 100m thick lower limestone and siltstone member of the Emigrant Formation at Clayton Ridge ranges in age
from the Bolbolenellus euryparia/Nephrolenellus multinodus Zone (Laurentian Dyeran Stage) to the Cedaria brevifrons
Zone (Laurentian Marjuman Stage; Drumian Stage; this study). The 40 trilobites described herein from two closely
spaced sections of the lower member belong to the Glossopleura walcotti/Ptychagnostus praecurrens Zone (Laurentian
Delamaran Stage; Stage 5), Ehmaniella Zone (Laurentian Topazan Stage; Stage 5), and Cedaria selwyni to C. brevifrons
zones (Laurentian Marjuman Stage; Drumian Stage) zones. The lower Emigrant Formation is <10% as thick as ageequivalent
age strata elsewhere in Nevada, California, and Utah. This condensed nature of the lower Emigrant Formation
began with the flooding event at the beginning of the Oryctocephalus indicus biochron and the subsequent build-ups of
the thick carbonate platforms to the south and northeast.
New species are Pagetia aspinosa, P. claytonensis, and Syspacephalus mccollumorum.
— Charles Elmer Resser (1889–1943) was an influential Cambrian paleontologist who worked at the S... more — Charles Elmer Resser (1889–1943) was an influential Cambrian paleontologist who worked at the Smithsonian Institute, first as an assistant to Charles Doolittle Walcott in 1914 and then in various curatorial positions from 1915 until his death. During his career, Resser discussed over 1400 Cambrian trilobite taxa, including over 900 new species and 100 new genera. He disliked using a suprageneric classification in his papers, and believed that more species needed description before a meaningful classification could be undertaken. Resser used any variation in diagnosing his new species, including that resulting from ontogeny, normal biological variation, preservation, and tecton-ic deformation. Compounding the problems generated by using any source of variation, Resser often provided poor descriptions and used poor or no photographs. He commonly used only one or two specimens or poorly preserved material. These practices were not typical of trilobite workers of this time. Most of Resser's species, and specifically his type species, need to be reevaluated to determine if they should continue to be recognized or be placed in nomina dubia. Resser was one of the most productive Cambrian workers of his time. Due to his taxonomic practices and influence on other workers, we presently have difficulties understanding the phylogeny and diversification history of Cambrian trilobites. Given the importance of trilobites in the Cambrian fauna, this further inhibits our understanding of the Cambrian explosion and the early modes of evolution.
International correlation of the lower-middle Cambrian boundary interval (Series 2-3, Stage 4-5) ... more International correlation of the lower-middle Cambrian boundary interval (Series 2-3, Stage 4-5) is difficult due to the paucity of globally distributed trilobite taxa and clear documentation of the stratigraphic distribution of taxa in different palaeogeographic regions. Correlation of this interval between the Great Basin of the western United States, Taconic allochthons of the eastern United States, Greenland, Newfoundland, Morocco, Iberia, Baltica (Scandinavia and Poland), Siberia, Australia and South China is presented here using the stratigraphic ranges of 47 species and 46 genera of trilobites and supplemented with archaeocyathan assemblages and acritarch assemblage zones. These data are compared to the First Appearance Datums (FAD) of two oryctocephalids, Ovatoryctocara granulata and Oryctocephalus indicus, that have been proposed as biohorizons to define the base of Series 3, Stage 5.
Based on this study, it is evident that there is no taxon suitable for lower-middle Cambrian correlation that is present in all regions. The correlation chart indicates that trilobite genera, previously used extensively as guides, have long stratigraphic ranges and are of limited use for correlation, in contrast to species that allow a more precise correlation. Although the regionally defined lower-middle Cambrian boundaries do not correlate, they generally occur near the FAD of either Ovatoryctocara granulata or Oryctocephalus indicus. The stratigraphically lower FAD of Ovatoryctocara granulata more or less coincides with the boundaries in Newfoundland, Baltica (Poland) and Siberia, but the boundary in Australia is below this level. The FAD of Oryctocephalus indicus approximates the boundary in South China. The boundaries in the Great Basin, Greenland, Baltica (Scandinavia) and Iberia occur between these two horizons. Only the sections in Siberia and possibly Greenland contain both candidate species. The sections in the Taconic allochthons, Baltica (both Scandinavia and Poland), Morocco, Iberia and Australia contain neither species. The Taconic allochthons are tied to the biostratigraphic scheme for Greenland and Newfoundland. Baltica is correlated to the overall scheme with taxa in common with Greenland, Newfoundland, Morocco, Iberia and Siberia. Morocco and Iberia are correlated based on similarities to Newfoundland, Siberia and South China. Australia is correlated based on similarities to South China and the Great Basin.
Journal of Paleontology, 2002
... 1964). However, Troelsen (1950) stated that nearly all of the fossils from the 10-to 20-m thi... more ... 1964). However, Troelsen (1950) stated that nearly all of the fossils from the 10-to 20-m thick Cape Kent Limestone were obtained from talus slopes and expressed the possibility that more than one faunal zone may be present. ...
J Paleontol, 2005
... Building upon the earlier works of Walcott (1890), Palmer and Halley (1979), Ludvigsen and We... more ... Building upon the earlier works of Walcott (1890), Palmer and Halley (1979), Ludvigsen and Westrop (1985), Sundberg (1994), Eddy and McCollum (1998), and the field work of WH Fritz and JS ... Well 7.5′ Quadrangle (1971), Drum Mountains, Millard County, Utah (Fig. 3). ...
Journal of Paleontology, 2005
... Building upon the earlier works of Walcott (1890), Palmer and Halley (1979), Ludvigsen and We... more ... Building upon the earlier works of Walcott (1890), Palmer and Halley (1979), Ludvigsen and Westrop (1985), Sundberg (1994), Eddy and McCollum (1998), and the field work of WH Fritz and JS ... Well 7.5′ Quadrangle (1971), Drum Mountains, Millard County, Utah (Fig. 3). ...
Laurentian and Siberian successions of the Cambrian Series 2-Cambrian Series 3 boundary interval ... more Laurentian and Siberian successions of the Cambrian Series 2-Cambrian Series 3 boundary interval were investigated for their carbonate carbon isotopes (δ 13 C carb ) and sulfur isotopes from carbonate associated sulfate (δ 34 S CAS ). Sections of Laurentia (Split Mountain, Groom Range, and Hidden Valley) are characterized by a positive δ 13 C carb excursion at the base of the Oryctocephalus indicus Zone. A corresponding positive δ 13 C carb peak is obvious for the Molodo River section (Siberian Platform), situated slightly below the Ovatoryctocara granulata Zone. Comparing these excursions with time-equivalent global stratigraphic successions it appears most plausible that the base of the Cambrian Series 3 is marked by a positive δ 13 C carb excursion. δ 34 S CAS values provide information for the paleo-environmental characterization, but no additional detail for a global correlation of the transition between Cambrian Series 2 and 3.
Journal of Paleontology, 1999
... piochensis together as an outgroup is justified by their general ptychopariid morphology and ... more ... piochensis together as an outgroup is justified by their general ptychopariid morphology and generic age of origin (Early or earliest Middle Cambrian), and their grouping together in a clad-ogram when Pianaspis sors (Opik, 1961) and Papyriaspis lan-ceola Whitehouse, 1939 ...
Geobios, 2012
A new trilobite species, Schopfaspis? graciai, from the middle Cambrian of Spain is the first mem... more A new trilobite species, Schopfaspis? graciai, from the middle Cambrian of Spain is the first member of Alokistocaridae reported from west Gondwana. A cladistic analysis of this trilobite and other Gondwanan trilobites of possible alokistocarid affinities (Schopfaspis granulosa, Chelidonocephalus anatolicus, Derikaspis toluni, Kounamkites multiformis) suggests that this family can be divided into two subfamilies: Alokistocarinae and Altiocculinae. Schopfaspis? graciai nov. sp. and Schopfaspis granulosa are assigned to the subfamily Altiocculinae laying in a more basal position than Altiocculus species. The cladistic analysis also demonstrates a possible relationship of Chelidonocephalus anatolicus and Derikaspis toluni with Alokistocaridae. Enrolment is analysed in this new trilobite describing novelties in the ventral surface of the cephalon which allowed interlocking of the trunk and cephalon in a discoidal enrolmenttype.
Paleobiology, 1996
Page 1. Paleobiology, 22(1), 1996, pp. 49-65 Morphological diversification of Ptychopariida (Tril... more Page 1. Paleobiology, 22(1), 1996, pp. 49-65 Morphological diversification of Ptychopariida (Trilobita) from the Marjumiid biomere (Middle and Upper Cambrian) Frederick A. Sundberg Abstract.-Ptychopariid trilobites from the ...
Journal of Paleontology, 1983
Paleobiology, 2000
... 8C) and M. brevispina Robison (1964: Plate 87, Figs. ... result of homeotic evolution and if ... more ... 8C) and M. brevispina Robison (1964: Plate 87, Figs. ... result of homeotic evolution and if homeotic evolution was in part responsible for some Cambrian supergeneric taxa ... Jacobs (1990) suggested that homeotic changes played an important role in the evolution of Bilateria in the ...
Journal of Paleontology, 2007
... Family Olendidae Burmeister, 1843. Subfamily Oleninae Burmeister, 1843. Genus WujiajianiaLu a... more ... Family Olendidae Burmeister, 1843. Subfamily Oleninae Burmeister, 1843. Genus WujiajianiaLu and Lin, 1980. ... Lu, YH, HL, and Lin, 1980, Cambro-Ordovician boundary in western Zhejiang and the trilobites contained therein: Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,, 19. 118-134. ...
Journal of Paleontology, 2004
Palaeontology, 2003
A latest Early Cambrian and earliest Mid Cambrian polymeroid trilobite fauna, consisting of 16 ge... more A latest Early Cambrian and earliest Mid Cambrian polymeroid trilobite fauna, consisting of 16 genera and 25 species, is reported from the peritidal deposits of the Mule Spring Limestone and outer-shelf deposits of the Emigrant and Monola formations of Nevada and California. The Mid Cambrian fauna includes a new genus, Tonopahella, and four new species, T. gold®eldensis, Oryctocephalus americanus, Onchocephalites claytonensis, and Syspacephalus variosus. The peri-Gondwana species Oryctocephalus orientalis, Oryctocephalites runcinatus, and Paraantagmus latus are recorded in Laurentia for the ®rst time.
Geology, 1987
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Journal of Paleontology, 2003
Journal of Paleontology, 2014
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Papers by Frederick A Sundberg
siltstone, and limestone representing an outer shelf environment. It ranges in age from the youngest portion of the
Dyeran Stage (Laurentian Waucoban Series; Cambrian Stage 4, Series 2) to Skullrockian Stage (Ibexian Series;
Tremadocian Stage, Lower Ordovician). Consequently, it is condensed compared to other localities. For example, the
age-equivalent succession in the House Range and the Wendover Range of Utah and Nevada, respectively, is seven
times thicker.
The 100m thick lower limestone and siltstone member of the Emigrant Formation at Clayton Ridge ranges in age
from the Bolbolenellus euryparia/Nephrolenellus multinodus Zone (Laurentian Dyeran Stage) to the Cedaria brevifrons
Zone (Laurentian Marjuman Stage; Drumian Stage; this study). The 40 trilobites described herein from two closely
spaced sections of the lower member belong to the Glossopleura walcotti/Ptychagnostus praecurrens Zone (Laurentian
Delamaran Stage; Stage 5), Ehmaniella Zone (Laurentian Topazan Stage; Stage 5), and Cedaria selwyni to C. brevifrons
zones (Laurentian Marjuman Stage; Drumian Stage) zones. The lower Emigrant Formation is <10% as thick as ageequivalent
age strata elsewhere in Nevada, California, and Utah. This condensed nature of the lower Emigrant Formation
began with the flooding event at the beginning of the Oryctocephalus indicus biochron and the subsequent build-ups of
the thick carbonate platforms to the south and northeast.
New species are Pagetia aspinosa, P. claytonensis, and Syspacephalus mccollumorum.
Based on this study, it is evident that there is no taxon suitable for lower-middle Cambrian correlation that is present in all regions. The correlation chart indicates that trilobite genera, previously used extensively as guides, have long stratigraphic ranges and are of limited use for correlation, in contrast to species that allow a more precise correlation. Although the regionally defined lower-middle Cambrian boundaries do not correlate, they generally occur near the FAD of either Ovatoryctocara granulata or Oryctocephalus indicus. The stratigraphically lower FAD of Ovatoryctocara granulata more or less coincides with the boundaries in Newfoundland, Baltica (Poland) and Siberia, but the boundary in Australia is below this level. The FAD of Oryctocephalus indicus approximates the boundary in South China. The boundaries in the Great Basin, Greenland, Baltica (Scandinavia) and Iberia occur between these two horizons. Only the sections in Siberia and possibly Greenland contain both candidate species. The sections in the Taconic allochthons, Baltica (both Scandinavia and Poland), Morocco, Iberia and Australia contain neither species. The Taconic allochthons are tied to the biostratigraphic scheme for Greenland and Newfoundland. Baltica is correlated to the overall scheme with taxa in common with Greenland, Newfoundland, Morocco, Iberia and Siberia. Morocco and Iberia are correlated based on similarities to Newfoundland, Siberia and South China. Australia is correlated based on similarities to South China and the Great Basin.
siltstone, and limestone representing an outer shelf environment. It ranges in age from the youngest portion of the
Dyeran Stage (Laurentian Waucoban Series; Cambrian Stage 4, Series 2) to Skullrockian Stage (Ibexian Series;
Tremadocian Stage, Lower Ordovician). Consequently, it is condensed compared to other localities. For example, the
age-equivalent succession in the House Range and the Wendover Range of Utah and Nevada, respectively, is seven
times thicker.
The 100m thick lower limestone and siltstone member of the Emigrant Formation at Clayton Ridge ranges in age
from the Bolbolenellus euryparia/Nephrolenellus multinodus Zone (Laurentian Dyeran Stage) to the Cedaria brevifrons
Zone (Laurentian Marjuman Stage; Drumian Stage; this study). The 40 trilobites described herein from two closely
spaced sections of the lower member belong to the Glossopleura walcotti/Ptychagnostus praecurrens Zone (Laurentian
Delamaran Stage; Stage 5), Ehmaniella Zone (Laurentian Topazan Stage; Stage 5), and Cedaria selwyni to C. brevifrons
zones (Laurentian Marjuman Stage; Drumian Stage) zones. The lower Emigrant Formation is <10% as thick as ageequivalent
age strata elsewhere in Nevada, California, and Utah. This condensed nature of the lower Emigrant Formation
began with the flooding event at the beginning of the Oryctocephalus indicus biochron and the subsequent build-ups of
the thick carbonate platforms to the south and northeast.
New species are Pagetia aspinosa, P. claytonensis, and Syspacephalus mccollumorum.
Based on this study, it is evident that there is no taxon suitable for lower-middle Cambrian correlation that is present in all regions. The correlation chart indicates that trilobite genera, previously used extensively as guides, have long stratigraphic ranges and are of limited use for correlation, in contrast to species that allow a more precise correlation. Although the regionally defined lower-middle Cambrian boundaries do not correlate, they generally occur near the FAD of either Ovatoryctocara granulata or Oryctocephalus indicus. The stratigraphically lower FAD of Ovatoryctocara granulata more or less coincides with the boundaries in Newfoundland, Baltica (Poland) and Siberia, but the boundary in Australia is below this level. The FAD of Oryctocephalus indicus approximates the boundary in South China. The boundaries in the Great Basin, Greenland, Baltica (Scandinavia) and Iberia occur between these two horizons. Only the sections in Siberia and possibly Greenland contain both candidate species. The sections in the Taconic allochthons, Baltica (both Scandinavia and Poland), Morocco, Iberia and Australia contain neither species. The Taconic allochthons are tied to the biostratigraphic scheme for Greenland and Newfoundland. Baltica is correlated to the overall scheme with taxa in common with Greenland, Newfoundland, Morocco, Iberia and Siberia. Morocco and Iberia are correlated based on similarities to Newfoundland, Siberia and South China. Australia is correlated based on similarities to South China and the Great Basin.