Papers by Fatima Bintu Usman
Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
Objective: The purpose of the research was to determine the rate of sensorineural hearing loss th... more Objective: The purpose of the research was to determine the rate of sensorineural hearing loss that is associated with chronic otitis media. Study Design: A Descriptive Cross-sectional study Place and Duration: Frontier Medical College, Abbottabad, from June, 2021 to November, 2021. Methods: Total 87 patients of both genders had age 15-55 years were presented. All the included patients had chronic suppurative otitis media clinical symptoms. Patients were enrolled after getting informed written consent from the patients. Through the use of a pure tone audiogram, we were able to determine the mean threshold of voice frequencies for sick as well as normal contralateral ears. In sick ears, a mean of more than 25 dB was considered to represent a positive case of SNHL. SPSS 24.0 was used to analyze all data. Results: We found that 49 (56.9%) patients were males and 38 (43.1%) patients were females. 17 (19.5%) cases had age 15-25 years, 35 (40.2%) patients had age 26-35 years, 25 (28.7%) p...
Patient-reported outcomes in a linguistically diverse cancer population: Addressing barriers to access
Journal of Clinical Oncology
168 Background: The census metropolitan area served by BC Cancer is Vancouver which has a populat... more 168 Background: The census metropolitan area served by BC Cancer is Vancouver which has a population of 2.4 million. Census Canada noted the mother tongue learned in childhood and still spoken was: 54% English, 17% Indo-European, 16% Chinese, 10% Indo-Iranian, 3% English+other language, 2% other. At BC Cancer, implementation of patient reported outcomes (PROs) was launched 1 year ago with consideration of preferred language. Our goal was to examine the implementation of PROs with respect to equity of access and language preferences. Methods: BC Cancer Vancouver implemented PROs including the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale Revised, Canadian Problem Checklist and EQ5D in April 2021 using a web-based platform. A 1-year cohort was reviewed for patients’ mother tongue and the language used for the PROs. Qualitative interviews were undertaken for non-English mother tongue patients to ask for preferred language of PROs and reasons for the choice if mother tongue was not selected. Result...
Societal awareness on neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Seminars in Perinatology, 2021
Early recognition of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is essential for prevention of bilirubin neuroto... more Early recognition of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is essential for prevention of bilirubin neurotoxicity and its long-term sequelae. High rates of home delivery in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) as well as early discharge post-delivery (within 24hours) make community surveillance for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia highly important. Here, we performed a literature review to estimate the level of societal awareness of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. We searched several databases for studies assessing the knowledge and awareness of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. We retrieved 211 citations from 206 databases with five being in the grey literature. 52 selected articles were further reviewed. Data from these studies were then analyzed using Stata software (Statacorp® LLC Texas USA). We found that the pooled estimate of societal awareness of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was 67% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 60, 74). There however was a publication bias (Begg test: P ≤ 0.01; Egger P = 0.06). Studies that scored or graded knowledge reported lower estimates [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = -0.17; 95% CI: -0.32-0.02; P = 0.03]. Hospital location was an important determinant of awareness of complications [aOR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.30-0.57; P = 0.03]. We therefore concluded that there is a significant need to improve societal awareness of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
PLOS ONE, 2022
Introduction The knowledge, attitude, and practice of emergency neonatal resuscitation are critic... more Introduction The knowledge, attitude, and practice of emergency neonatal resuscitation are critical requirements in any facility that offers obstetric and neonatal services. This study aims to conduct a needs assessment survey and obtain individual and facility-level data on expertise and readiness for neonatal resuscitation. We hypothesize that neonatal emergency preparedness among healthcare providers in Kano, Nigeria is associated with the level of knowledge, attitudinal disposition, practice and equipment availability at the facility level. Methods A semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was administered to a cross-section of health providers directly involved with neonatal care (n = 112) and attending a neonatal resuscitation workshop in Kano state. Information regarding knowledge, attitude, practice and facility preparedness for neonatal resuscitation was obtained. Bloom’s cut-off score and a validated basic emergency obstetric and neonatal care assessment tool were...
International Journal of Translational Medical Research and Public Health, 2021
The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the learning process and outcome of medical e... more The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the learning process and outcome of medical education. In this commentary, we discuss the effect of COVID-19 on medical education in Nigeria. The disruption of educational services due to government-imposed lockdown and subsequent transition to e-learning with reduction in direct tutor-trainee contact hours to limit virus spread have had a profound effect on the quality of medical education. These measures have impacted adversely on the proficiency, and the intellectual, psychological, financial and social wellbeing of trainees, worsened by a compromised educational system from pre-existing challenges militating against quality education. Prompt re-evaluation of all aspects of medical training with emphasis on developing digital learning platforms that will enable trainees to acquire the needed knowledge and improve learning outcomes is paramount, as it is likely the effects of COVID-19 will linger for a while. Copyright © 2021 U...
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2019
Bilirubin Encephalopathy (BE), a complication of hyperbilirubinaemia is largely preventable, and ... more Bilirubin Encephalopathy (BE), a complication of hyperbilirubinaemia is largely preventable, and continues to be a growing concern especially in resource-limited settings amongst neonates with undetected, neglected or poorly treated hyperbilirubinaemia [1]. It results in significant morbidity characterised by ABE, and later, kernicterus in the form of auditory neuropathy and chorio-athetoid cerebral palsy; and mortality [2]. In Nigeria, the prevalence of BE ranges from 2.3% to 15.9% [3-5]. The term Bilirubin-Induced Neurologic Dysfunction (BIND) was suggested by Johnson L et al., [6] to describe the changes associated with BE. They proposed a scoring system to quantify the severity (subtle, moderate, advanced), onset, progression of the clinical manifestation and risk of developing encephalopathy [6]. In South western Nigeria, [5] the usefulness of the modified-BIND score (a modification of the original BIND score) was assessed and it was reported to have a sensitivity of 90.7%, specificity of 97.7%, positive predictive value of 88.9%, and negative predictive value of 98.2% in identifying neonates with ABE. BAER otherwise called ABR is a non-invasive, highly sensitive and highly specific screening tool [7] used for identifying impending encephalopathy in neonates with hyperbilirubinaemia; it identifies subtle findings that could be reversed and detects early hearing abnormalities [8,9]. It has been reported as an effective newborn hearing screening tool especially in severe hyperbilirubinaemia requiring exchange transfusion [9,10]. It is recognised as the most objective method of evaluating the auditory neural pathway in neonates and infants [11,12]. Auditory neuronal pathway is reported to be the most sensitive to bilirubin toxicity, that manifest as Sensori-Neural Hearing Loss (SNHL) [2,9]. Therefore, evaluation of the auditory pathway may improve the identification of bilirubin induced neuro toxicity in the neonate [13,14]. Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD), a type of SNHL is one of the earliest features that may be seen even in the absence of clinical manifestations of BE [13,15], accounting for 7% of permanent childhood hearing loss [16]. The finding of high incidence of SNHL amongst neonates with hyperbilirubinaemia ranging between 25.7% and 56.7% [17-25] is of great public health significance considering the incidence of SNHL at near epidemic proportions in some developing countries [26-28]. ABE is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, hence early and accurate detection is important. The need to predict and prevent it using the most precise tool becomes absolutely necessary. Autopsy is one of the best ways to confirm the diagnosis of BE, but it is crucial to identify such a disorder before it results in mortality, as such the need to rely on ancillary tests like the BIND score and BAER becomes essential in clinical practice. This study was designed to determine if the BAER and BIND score adequately identify neonates with ABE, and to establish
Annals of Global Health, 2019
Global new-born mortality has shown steady decline over the last two decades, but this decline ha... more Global new-born mortality has shown steady decline over the last two decades, but this decline has been slowest in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Perinatal asphyxia (PA) is a major cause of new-born deaths in this region and as such SSA now contributes a disproportionate large percentage of global asphyxiarelated deaths. In this paper, we examine regional challenges affecting primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of PA and proffers locally adaptable solutions to these identified challenges.
Neonatal outcomes following caesarean section in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, North-west Nigeria
Journal of Medicine in the Tropics
Background: Type of anaesthesia is believed to have a role in neonatal outcomes at birth. Regiona... more Background: Type of anaesthesia is believed to have a role in neonatal outcomes at birth. Regional anaesthesia is thought to have a better neonatal outcome. We assessed the APGAR scores of neonates, the effect of anesthetic technique and associations between maternal and neonatal variables. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from 1st August, 2018, to 31st January, 2019, at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital. Ethics approval was obtained from College of Health Science Ethics Committee, Bayero University Kano. All consenting pregnant women scheduled for elective or emergency caesarean section within the study period were recruited. Information such as anesthesia delivery interval and neonatal outcomes were recorded on a questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Fisher’s Exact Test was used for categorical data, and the P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Sixty-six pregnant women were recruited. The mean age (±SD) of the pregnant women was 29.4±5.58 years. Up to 59 patients (89.4%) received subarachnoid block (SAB). Thirty six (54.5%) were delivered within 10 minutes following administration of anesthesia. Most of the newborns had normal heart rate 65 (98.5%) and Apgar scores at 1st and 5th minutes (51 (77.3%), 62 (93.9%) respectively. Only ASA PS class was found to be statistically associated with neonatal Apgar scores at 5th minutes (Fisher’s Exact Test = 0.039). Conclusion: Subarachnoid block was the main anesthesia type for caesarean section and more than half of the patients were delivered following administration of anesthesia within 10 minutes with excellent neonatal outcomes.
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Papers by Fatima Bintu Usman