Papers by Fadhili Mustafa
This study was undertaken to evaluate the use of Spirulina (Arthrospir platensis) as a growth and... more This study was undertaken to evaluate the use of Spirulina (Arthrospir platensis) as a growth and immunity promoter for Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Fish (1.88 g) were randomly distributed into six group each at a rate of 20 fish per 100-L aquarium and fed on a diet containing either 0.0, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, or 10.0 g Spirulina/kg diet for 12 weeks. After the feeding trial, fish of each treatment were challenged by pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila, which was given by intraperitoneal (IP) injection and they were kept under observation for 10 days to record any abnormal clinical signs and the daily mortality rate. The growth-promoting influence of Spirulina was observed with fish. The optimum growth and feed utilization were obtained at 5.0 g Spirulina/kg diet. No significant changes in fish survival among the different treatments, although Spirulina supplementation increased protein deposition in fish body especially when fed on 1.25 – 5.0 g/kg diet. No significant differences in lipid and ash contents were observed among the different treatments. The physiological parameters were improved when fish fed Spirulina supplement. However, the highest red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), and nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) values were obtained at 5.0-10.0 g Spirulina/kg diet; meanwhile the lowest values were obtained at control. Total fish mortality 10-days after IP injection with A. hydrophila and its count after incubation with fish serum decreased with the increase of Spirulina level in fish diets. The lowest fish mortality and bacterial counts were obtained when fish fed 5.0-10.0 g Spirulina/ kg. These results indicate that Spirulina supplementation is promising for disease prevention in tilapia culture, and the optimum level of Spirulina in fish diet is 5.0-10.0 g per kg diet.
This study was undertaken to evaluate the use of Spirulina (Arthrospir platensis) as a growth and... more This study was undertaken to evaluate the use of Spirulina (Arthrospir platensis) as a growth and immunity promoter for Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Fish (1.88 g) were randomly distributed into six group each at a rate of 20 fish per 100-L aquarium and fed on a diet containing either 0.0, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, or 10.0 g Spirulina/kg diet for 12 weeks. After the feeding trial, fish of each treatment were challenged by pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila, which was given by intraperitoneal (IP) injection and they were kept under observation for 10 days to record any abnormal clinical signs and the daily mortality rate. The growth-promoting influence of Spirulina was observed with fish. The optimum growth and feed utilization were obtained at 5.0 g Spirulina/kg diet. No significant changes in fish survival among the different treatments, although Spirulina supplementation increased protein deposition in fish body especially when fed on 1.25 – 5.0 g/kg diet. No significant differences in lipid and ash contents were observed among the different treatments. The physiological parameters were improved when fish fed Spirulina supplement. However, the highest red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), and nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) values were obtained at 5.0-10.0 g Spirulina/kg diet; meanwhile the lowest values were obtained at control. Total fish mortality 10-days after IP injection with A. hydrophila and its count after incubation with fish serum decreased with the increase of Spirulina level in fish diets. The lowest fish mortality and bacterial counts were obtained when fish fed 5.0-10.0 g Spirulina/ kg. These results indicate that Spirulina supplementation is promising for disease prevention in tilapia culture, and the optimum level of Spirulina in fish diet is 5.0-10.0 g per kg diet.
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Papers by Fadhili Mustafa