In this study, a fractional and cascaded controller type FOPI-FOPD is designed to control the DC ... more In this study, a fractional and cascaded controller type FOPI-FOPD is designed to control the DC motor speed. The proposed controller parameters are tuned via Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA) which is a recently introduced metaheuristic optimization algorithm. Various types of objective functions are employed to search the proposed controller parameters. These objective functions are the integral of time multiply absolute error (ITAE), the integral of absolute error (IAE),the integral of time multiply squared error (ITSE), the integral of squared error (ISE), and Zwe-Lee Gaing (ZLG). The results obtained from the objective functions were compared in the time domain in terms of overshoot (M_p), settling time (t_s), and ramp time (t_r). In addition, the obtained results are examined in terms of gain margin, phase margin, and bandwidth in the frequency domain. The best results obtained from different objective functions in the time and frequency domain were compared with the studies in t...
2018 3rd International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering (UBMK)
To obtain a stable and reliable power system, detecting the occurring events is not enough, class... more To obtain a stable and reliable power system, detecting the occurring events is not enough, classifying these events are also very essential. Since the power system parameters get highly affected by the events, investigating these parameters can help in the classification. In this paper real frequency signals recorded with Frequency Disturbance Recorders (FDR) during different kind of events are used as the dataset to classify the type of the events with machine learning.For feature extraction first, the wavelet transform is applied to the signals and then different methods are used to obtain the feature vectors and the best method giving the highest classification accuracy (CA) is found. For the classification of the events Random Forest (RF), k Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) is used. The results show that RF classification method is highly effective in classifying the events with a 90.1 % CA.
Journal of Investigations on Engineering and Technology, Jun 30, 2021
Büyük ölçekli PV santrali Frekans kararlılığı Rotor açısı kararlılığı Gerilim kararlılığı 3-faz k... more Büyük ölçekli PV santrali Frekans kararlılığı Rotor açısı kararlılığı Gerilim kararlılığı 3-faz kısa devre arıza Rampa oranı Özet: Yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları kullanımının artması ile bu sistemlerin mevcut elektrik şebekesi üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi güç sistemi kararlılığı açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada IEEE-9 Baralı güç sisteminde fotovoltaik (PV) santral farklı rampa oranları bakımından geleneksel senkron generatörlü santralle karşılaştırılarak güç sistemi kararlılık analizleri yapılmıştır. Çalışma DigSlient Powerfactory benzetim programı kullanılarak 4 farklı senaryo üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu senaryolarda 3-faz kısa devre arızası oluşturularak sistemdeki dinamik durumlar rotor açısı, frekans ve gerilim kararlılığı için analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, geleneksel güç sistemlerine entegre edilen PV santrallerin olumlu ve olumsuz etkileri farklı senaryolar altında analiz edilmiştir.
2019 11th International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ELECO), 2019
The electric grid must be reliable and quality for the effective operation of electrical devices.... more The electric grid must be reliable and quality for the effective operation of electrical devices. Overcorrect is an important factor for voltage drops. Voltage drop must be within certain limits in a grid. If some power lines were disabled due to fault or maintenance, loading currents passing through from distribution lines or cables are increases. If this situation takes a long time, the safety of the grid will into danger. Voltage drops and the power loading capacity of lines must calculate for all risks when the grid starts to be established. When any equipment fails, the behavior of the electrical grid must be estimated or determined. Electricity consumption generally increases every year. Grid power losses have become important when the load current increases. it is necessary to know these losses because of its technical and economic effects.
2018 IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE), 2018
Having a reliable and secure electric grid can be obtained by preventing the disturbances that oc... more Having a reliable and secure electric grid can be obtained by preventing the disturbances that occur in the system. Since the power system parameters get affected by the disturbances, analyzing the dynamic behaviour of these parameters can give information about the disturbance. Wide area measurement systems (WAMS) are widely used for this purpose. This paper presents an event detection algorithm using frequency data obtained from the WAMS device Frequency Disturbance Recorder (FDR) which is a type of phasor measurement unit (PMU). The algorithm scans each sample of the data and compares the frequency variation with a specified threshold. When the variation value is above the threshold the event is detected. The event type is classified using the correlation method. The proposed algorithm is validated with case studies from North American Interconnections and European Interconnection. The results show high reliability and potential for future studies.
Electrical energy demands gradually increasing in the world in each year, and numerous power plan... more Electrical energy demands gradually increasing in the world in each year, and numerous power plants continue to be installed to supply required energy. Most of these are small-scale power plants established at different terrains. The power produced by the power plants is transmitted to the existing transmission and distribution lines in the Black Sea region of Turkey. So, the electrical network is becoming increasingly complex. Distributed generations affect the electrical system in many ways. The goal of this study is to determine the effects of distributed generation on Trabzon city’s Arakli-II feeder such as voltage profile and short-circuit currents of bus bars. The system modeled and simulated by using the DIgSILENT Power Factory software with real parameters. It was found that distributed generation sources have positively affected the voltage level of bus bars yet highly single-phase and three-phase short-circuit currents was observed.
2018 26th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU), 2018
In this work, the permissible step and touch voltage are designed in MATLAB SIMULINK. The simulat... more In this work, the permissible step and touch voltage are designed in MATLAB SIMULINK. The simulations were carried out in accordance with the IEEE Std 80-2000 standards. The effects of the specific resistance of the material covering the surface, the cleaning time of the short circuit current and the specific resistance of the soil to the permissible step and touch voltages were investigated. The effects of these parameters are plotted in the study result. In addition, an interface has been prepared with the aid of the MATLAB GUI program so that the user can easily find the permissible step and touch voltages.
SUMMARY Oscillations in power systems could be a serious concern if not well damped. With the dev... more SUMMARY Oscillations in power systems could be a serious concern if not well damped. With the development of synchrophasor technology, oscillations can be easily detected at transmission level by Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). The distribution level phasor monitoring system operated by University of Tennessee and Oak Ridge National Lab (FNET/GridEye) provides a low cost system to collect data from customer level voltages, usually an outlet at 220V or 115V. FNET/Grideye covers all of the major North American grids, and several other parts of the world. The system has provided continuous monitoring and event alerts for about 10 years. In 2009, an angle-based oscillation detection module was developed and implemented and has captured a large number of oscillations in North American and around the world. This information provides valuable insight into power system phenomenon that is used to help tune transmission level PMU systems. In this paper, sample oscillation cases in different ...
Artan nüfus ve gelişen sanayi ile birlikte elektrik enerjisi ihtiyacı günden güne artmaktadır. Bu... more Artan nüfus ve gelişen sanayi ile birlikte elektrik enerjisi ihtiyacı günden güne artmaktadır. Bu talebin karşılanması için yeni üretim tesisleri birincil enerji kaynaklarına yakın yerlerde kurulmakta ve iletim şebekesi ile tüketim merkezlerine taşınmaktadır. Özellikle üretim ve tüketim merkezleri arasındaki mesafenin uzun olduğu yerlerde güç transfer kapasitesinin azalması ve güç açısı değerinin büyümesi problemlere neden olmaktadır. Bu bağlamda uzun iletim hatlarında iletilen aktif gücü artırmak için seri kapasitörler kullanılmaktadır. Seri kapasitörlerin, paralel hatlar arasında yük paylaşımına olanak sağlaması ve sistemin geçici hal kararlılığını artırmaya yardımcı olması şebekeye sağladığı diğer olumlu katkılardır. İletim hatlarına olan bu katkılarının yanında seri kapasitörlerin sistemde koruma görevini yerine getiren mesafe koruma rölelerinin çalışmasını olumsuz etkilediği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, seri kapasitörün yüksek gerilimli uzun iletim hatlarının yüklenmesine, şebekenin geçici hal kararlılığına ve mesafe koruma rölelerinin çalışmasına etkisini incelenmek üzere Digsilent PowerFactory programında örnek bir test sistemi oluşturulmuştur. Test sistemi üzerinde yük akış ve kısa devre analizleri yapılarak seri kapasitörlerin iletim sistemi üzerine olumlu ve olumsuz etkileri incelenmiştir. Electrical energy need is increasing day by day along with the developing industry and growing population. New generation facilities are established near the primary energy sources to meet the demand. The generated energy is transported to the load location by transmission lines. Decrease of the power transfer capacity and great value of the power angle cause some problems, especially at the longdistanced places between the generation and the load location. In this context, series capacitors are used to increase transfer capacity on long transmission lines. It is also known that the series capacitors allow load sharing between the parallel lines and improve transient stability of the network. In addition to these positive contributions to the network, the series capacitor affects operation of the distance relay negatively. In this study, a sample test system is modeled by using Digsilent PowerFactory software in order to investigate the effect of series capacitor on loading of long transmission lines, transient stability of the network and operation of distance protection relays. Load flow and short circuit analysis were performed on the test system. The advantages and disadvantages of the series capacitors on the transmission system were investigated.
Finding the fault location in distribution network is difficult in comparison to transmission net... more Finding the fault location in distribution network is difficult in comparison to transmission network based upon high branching and high impedances composed of the contact with environmental factors when a fault occurs. For this matter, the possible faulty section is identified and then the fault location is determined with the proposed algorithms in this study. Wavelet transform is applied to the current-voltage data along with feature extraction methods, and then, Random Forest is used for identifying the faulty section and estimating the fault location. To approve the validation, the algorithms are applied to IEEE-34 node test feeder. Single-phase to ground faults regarding different impedance values at different points of the feeder have been effectively detected by using single measurement point data from the sending end of the feeder.
Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 2020
Günümüzde seri kapasitörler uzun iletim hatlarında, kayıpların azaltılması ve transfer kapasitesi... more Günümüzde seri kapasitörler uzun iletim hatlarında, kayıpların azaltılması ve transfer kapasitesinin artırılmasında sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Kapasitörler aynı zamanda şebekenin gerilim kararlılığının iyileştirilmesinde de önemli rol oynamaktadır. Sağladığı bu olumlu katkıların yanında seri kapasitörlerin bulundukları hattaki mesafe koruma rölelerinin çalışmasını olumsuz yönde etkilediği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada seri kapasitör bulunan şebekelerde arıza yerinin tespiti için k-EYK sınıflandırma yöntemi kullanılarak geniş bölge izleme tabanlı bir koruma algoritması önerilmiştir. Algoritmanın testi Digsilent Power Factory programında oluşturulan radyal şebekede yapılmıştır. Test için oluşturulan kısa devre senaryolarında farklı arıza empedansları altında 3-faz dengeli ve tek-faz toprak arızaları analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre önerilen algoritmanın hatların belirli noktalarında oluşturulan kısa devrelerde arızalı hattı doğru bir şekilde tespit edebildiği görülmüştür. Ç...
Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences, 2019
Artan nüfus ve gelişen sanayi ile birlikte elektrik enerjisi ihtiyacı günden güne artmaktadır. Bu... more Artan nüfus ve gelişen sanayi ile birlikte elektrik enerjisi ihtiyacı günden güne artmaktadır. Bu talebin karşılanması için yeni üretim tesisleri birincil enerji kaynaklarına yakın yerlerde kurulmakta ve iletim şebekesi ile tüketim merkezlerine taşınmaktadır. Özellikle üretim ve tüketim merkezleri arasındaki mesafenin uzun olduğu yerlerde güç transfer kapasitesinin azalması ve güç açısı değerinin büyümesi problemlere neden olmaktadır. Bu bağlamda uzun iletim hatlarında iletilen aktif gücü artırmak için seri kapasitörler kullanılmaktadır. Seri kapasitörlerin, paralel hatlar arasında yük paylaşımına olanak sağlaması ve sistemin geçici hal kararlılığını artırmaya yardımcı olması şebekeye sağladığı diğer olumlu katkılardır. İletim hatlarına olan bu katkılarının yanında seri kapasitörlerin sistemde koruma görevini yerine getiren mesafe koruma rölelerinin çalışmasını olumsuz etkilediği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, seri kapasitörün yüksek gerilimli uzun iletim hatlarının yüklenmesine, şebekenin geçici hal kararlılığına ve mesafe koruma rölelerinin çalışmasına etkisini incelenmek üzere Digsilent PowerFactory programında örnek bir test sistemi oluşturulmuştur. Test sistemi üzerinde yük akış ve kısa devre analizleri yapılarak seri kapasitörlerin iletim sistemi üzerine olumlu ve olumsuz etkileri incelenmiştir. Electrical energy need is increasing day by day along with the developing industry and growing population. New generation facilities are established near the primary energy sources to meet the demand. The generated energy is transported to the load location by transmission lines. Decrease of the power transfer capacity and great value of the power angle cause some problems, especially at the longdistanced places between the generation and the load location. In this context, series capacitors are used to increase transfer capacity on long transmission lines. It is also known that the series capacitors allow load sharing between the parallel lines and improve transient stability of the network. In addition to these positive contributions to the network, the series capacitor affects operation of the distance relay negatively. In this study, a sample test system is modeled by using Digsilent PowerFactory software in order to investigate the effect of series capacitor on loading of long transmission lines, transient stability of the network and operation of distance protection relays. Load flow and short circuit analysis were performed on the test system. The advantages and disadvantages of the series capacitors on the transmission system were investigated.
EMITTER International Journal of Engineering Technology, 2019
As the importance of protection in power systems increase, knowing the type of malfunction occurr... more As the importance of protection in power systems increase, knowing the type of malfunction occurring in the system has become crucial. Especially in the distribution system where electricity is delivered to the consumer, detecting the right fault type with a short amount of time is important. For this purpose in this study, Akyazı-Düzköy distribution feeder in Trabzon province, where faults commonly occur, is modeled with Digsilent Powerfactory. The model is performed with actual parameters including 465 lines, 243 loads, 233 transformers and 1093 busbars. First, the load flow and short circuit analysis have been carried out for the validation of the model. Then a fault detection and classification algorithm is enhanced using the wavelet transform and the energy of the coefficients. Different types of short circuit faults are created at different points on the model to test the accuracy of the algorithm. The fault inception time and the effect of the fault resistance are also inv...
Uluslararası Muhendislik Arastirma ve Gelistirme Dergisi, 2018
An electrical energy generation model of a photovoltaic (PV) system is proposed in MATLAB/Simulin... more An electrical energy generation model of a photovoltaic (PV) system is proposed in MATLAB/Simulink environment. This system includes; PV panel, a maximum power point tracker (MPPT), battery system, DC-DC Boost Converter and DC-DC Buck Converter. The PV panel input parameters are ones which can be easily maintained from any PV panel datasheet and this makes the model very useful in the application area. The temperature and irradiation effects are included in the modulation. For the accuracy of the system, real time measurement results and simulation results are compared. The obtained results are satisfying.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTER SCIENCES, 2015
As distributed generation resources penetrate into distribution systems, protection and service c... more As distributed generation resources penetrate into distribution systems, protection and service continuity are becoming major issues. A new approach for protection coordination and higher reliability of a distribution system with distributed generation is explored in this paper. The concept of central coordination relay (CCR) is developed for this purpose. After a brief introduction of the design and operating procedures of CCR, the utilization of the proposed relay on two feeders of a substation in the Kocaeli region of Turkey is simulated using DIgSILENT PowerFactory. The study results show that CCR can provide better protection coordination and improved reliability indices for distributed generation systems.
ABSTRACT The use of distributed generation (DG) within distribution systems has increased for the... more ABSTRACT The use of distributed generation (DG) within distribution systems has increased for the last two decades due to institutional requirements and technical advances. This study presents the impact of DG in different types of distribution systems in terms of voltage profile and short circuit analysis. Test systems representing three types of distribution systems (radial, loop and network) are simulated using the simulation tool of Powerfactory-DigSilent while changing the location and penetration level of DG in the system. The results are useful in better understanding the system impact of DG.
In this study, a fractional and cascaded controller type FOPI-FOPD is designed to control the DC ... more In this study, a fractional and cascaded controller type FOPI-FOPD is designed to control the DC motor speed. The proposed controller parameters are tuned via Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA) which is a recently introduced metaheuristic optimization algorithm. Various types of objective functions are employed to search the proposed controller parameters. These objective functions are the integral of time multiply absolute error (ITAE), the integral of absolute error (IAE),the integral of time multiply squared error (ITSE), the integral of squared error (ISE), and Zwe-Lee Gaing (ZLG). The results obtained from the objective functions were compared in the time domain in terms of overshoot (M_p), settling time (t_s), and ramp time (t_r). In addition, the obtained results are examined in terms of gain margin, phase margin, and bandwidth in the frequency domain. The best results obtained from different objective functions in the time and frequency domain were compared with the studies in t...
2018 3rd International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering (UBMK)
To obtain a stable and reliable power system, detecting the occurring events is not enough, class... more To obtain a stable and reliable power system, detecting the occurring events is not enough, classifying these events are also very essential. Since the power system parameters get highly affected by the events, investigating these parameters can help in the classification. In this paper real frequency signals recorded with Frequency Disturbance Recorders (FDR) during different kind of events are used as the dataset to classify the type of the events with machine learning.For feature extraction first, the wavelet transform is applied to the signals and then different methods are used to obtain the feature vectors and the best method giving the highest classification accuracy (CA) is found. For the classification of the events Random Forest (RF), k Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) is used. The results show that RF classification method is highly effective in classifying the events with a 90.1 % CA.
Journal of Investigations on Engineering and Technology, Jun 30, 2021
Büyük ölçekli PV santrali Frekans kararlılığı Rotor açısı kararlılığı Gerilim kararlılığı 3-faz k... more Büyük ölçekli PV santrali Frekans kararlılığı Rotor açısı kararlılığı Gerilim kararlılığı 3-faz kısa devre arıza Rampa oranı Özet: Yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları kullanımının artması ile bu sistemlerin mevcut elektrik şebekesi üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi güç sistemi kararlılığı açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada IEEE-9 Baralı güç sisteminde fotovoltaik (PV) santral farklı rampa oranları bakımından geleneksel senkron generatörlü santralle karşılaştırılarak güç sistemi kararlılık analizleri yapılmıştır. Çalışma DigSlient Powerfactory benzetim programı kullanılarak 4 farklı senaryo üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu senaryolarda 3-faz kısa devre arızası oluşturularak sistemdeki dinamik durumlar rotor açısı, frekans ve gerilim kararlılığı için analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, geleneksel güç sistemlerine entegre edilen PV santrallerin olumlu ve olumsuz etkileri farklı senaryolar altında analiz edilmiştir.
2019 11th International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ELECO), 2019
The electric grid must be reliable and quality for the effective operation of electrical devices.... more The electric grid must be reliable and quality for the effective operation of electrical devices. Overcorrect is an important factor for voltage drops. Voltage drop must be within certain limits in a grid. If some power lines were disabled due to fault or maintenance, loading currents passing through from distribution lines or cables are increases. If this situation takes a long time, the safety of the grid will into danger. Voltage drops and the power loading capacity of lines must calculate for all risks when the grid starts to be established. When any equipment fails, the behavior of the electrical grid must be estimated or determined. Electricity consumption generally increases every year. Grid power losses have become important when the load current increases. it is necessary to know these losses because of its technical and economic effects.
2018 IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE), 2018
Having a reliable and secure electric grid can be obtained by preventing the disturbances that oc... more Having a reliable and secure electric grid can be obtained by preventing the disturbances that occur in the system. Since the power system parameters get affected by the disturbances, analyzing the dynamic behaviour of these parameters can give information about the disturbance. Wide area measurement systems (WAMS) are widely used for this purpose. This paper presents an event detection algorithm using frequency data obtained from the WAMS device Frequency Disturbance Recorder (FDR) which is a type of phasor measurement unit (PMU). The algorithm scans each sample of the data and compares the frequency variation with a specified threshold. When the variation value is above the threshold the event is detected. The event type is classified using the correlation method. The proposed algorithm is validated with case studies from North American Interconnections and European Interconnection. The results show high reliability and potential for future studies.
Electrical energy demands gradually increasing in the world in each year, and numerous power plan... more Electrical energy demands gradually increasing in the world in each year, and numerous power plants continue to be installed to supply required energy. Most of these are small-scale power plants established at different terrains. The power produced by the power plants is transmitted to the existing transmission and distribution lines in the Black Sea region of Turkey. So, the electrical network is becoming increasingly complex. Distributed generations affect the electrical system in many ways. The goal of this study is to determine the effects of distributed generation on Trabzon city’s Arakli-II feeder such as voltage profile and short-circuit currents of bus bars. The system modeled and simulated by using the DIgSILENT Power Factory software with real parameters. It was found that distributed generation sources have positively affected the voltage level of bus bars yet highly single-phase and three-phase short-circuit currents was observed.
2018 26th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU), 2018
In this work, the permissible step and touch voltage are designed in MATLAB SIMULINK. The simulat... more In this work, the permissible step and touch voltage are designed in MATLAB SIMULINK. The simulations were carried out in accordance with the IEEE Std 80-2000 standards. The effects of the specific resistance of the material covering the surface, the cleaning time of the short circuit current and the specific resistance of the soil to the permissible step and touch voltages were investigated. The effects of these parameters are plotted in the study result. In addition, an interface has been prepared with the aid of the MATLAB GUI program so that the user can easily find the permissible step and touch voltages.
SUMMARY Oscillations in power systems could be a serious concern if not well damped. With the dev... more SUMMARY Oscillations in power systems could be a serious concern if not well damped. With the development of synchrophasor technology, oscillations can be easily detected at transmission level by Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). The distribution level phasor monitoring system operated by University of Tennessee and Oak Ridge National Lab (FNET/GridEye) provides a low cost system to collect data from customer level voltages, usually an outlet at 220V or 115V. FNET/Grideye covers all of the major North American grids, and several other parts of the world. The system has provided continuous monitoring and event alerts for about 10 years. In 2009, an angle-based oscillation detection module was developed and implemented and has captured a large number of oscillations in North American and around the world. This information provides valuable insight into power system phenomenon that is used to help tune transmission level PMU systems. In this paper, sample oscillation cases in different ...
Artan nüfus ve gelişen sanayi ile birlikte elektrik enerjisi ihtiyacı günden güne artmaktadır. Bu... more Artan nüfus ve gelişen sanayi ile birlikte elektrik enerjisi ihtiyacı günden güne artmaktadır. Bu talebin karşılanması için yeni üretim tesisleri birincil enerji kaynaklarına yakın yerlerde kurulmakta ve iletim şebekesi ile tüketim merkezlerine taşınmaktadır. Özellikle üretim ve tüketim merkezleri arasındaki mesafenin uzun olduğu yerlerde güç transfer kapasitesinin azalması ve güç açısı değerinin büyümesi problemlere neden olmaktadır. Bu bağlamda uzun iletim hatlarında iletilen aktif gücü artırmak için seri kapasitörler kullanılmaktadır. Seri kapasitörlerin, paralel hatlar arasında yük paylaşımına olanak sağlaması ve sistemin geçici hal kararlılığını artırmaya yardımcı olması şebekeye sağladığı diğer olumlu katkılardır. İletim hatlarına olan bu katkılarının yanında seri kapasitörlerin sistemde koruma görevini yerine getiren mesafe koruma rölelerinin çalışmasını olumsuz etkilediği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, seri kapasitörün yüksek gerilimli uzun iletim hatlarının yüklenmesine, şebekenin geçici hal kararlılığına ve mesafe koruma rölelerinin çalışmasına etkisini incelenmek üzere Digsilent PowerFactory programında örnek bir test sistemi oluşturulmuştur. Test sistemi üzerinde yük akış ve kısa devre analizleri yapılarak seri kapasitörlerin iletim sistemi üzerine olumlu ve olumsuz etkileri incelenmiştir. Electrical energy need is increasing day by day along with the developing industry and growing population. New generation facilities are established near the primary energy sources to meet the demand. The generated energy is transported to the load location by transmission lines. Decrease of the power transfer capacity and great value of the power angle cause some problems, especially at the longdistanced places between the generation and the load location. In this context, series capacitors are used to increase transfer capacity on long transmission lines. It is also known that the series capacitors allow load sharing between the parallel lines and improve transient stability of the network. In addition to these positive contributions to the network, the series capacitor affects operation of the distance relay negatively. In this study, a sample test system is modeled by using Digsilent PowerFactory software in order to investigate the effect of series capacitor on loading of long transmission lines, transient stability of the network and operation of distance protection relays. Load flow and short circuit analysis were performed on the test system. The advantages and disadvantages of the series capacitors on the transmission system were investigated.
Finding the fault location in distribution network is difficult in comparison to transmission net... more Finding the fault location in distribution network is difficult in comparison to transmission network based upon high branching and high impedances composed of the contact with environmental factors when a fault occurs. For this matter, the possible faulty section is identified and then the fault location is determined with the proposed algorithms in this study. Wavelet transform is applied to the current-voltage data along with feature extraction methods, and then, Random Forest is used for identifying the faulty section and estimating the fault location. To approve the validation, the algorithms are applied to IEEE-34 node test feeder. Single-phase to ground faults regarding different impedance values at different points of the feeder have been effectively detected by using single measurement point data from the sending end of the feeder.
Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 2020
Günümüzde seri kapasitörler uzun iletim hatlarında, kayıpların azaltılması ve transfer kapasitesi... more Günümüzde seri kapasitörler uzun iletim hatlarında, kayıpların azaltılması ve transfer kapasitesinin artırılmasında sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Kapasitörler aynı zamanda şebekenin gerilim kararlılığının iyileştirilmesinde de önemli rol oynamaktadır. Sağladığı bu olumlu katkıların yanında seri kapasitörlerin bulundukları hattaki mesafe koruma rölelerinin çalışmasını olumsuz yönde etkilediği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada seri kapasitör bulunan şebekelerde arıza yerinin tespiti için k-EYK sınıflandırma yöntemi kullanılarak geniş bölge izleme tabanlı bir koruma algoritması önerilmiştir. Algoritmanın testi Digsilent Power Factory programında oluşturulan radyal şebekede yapılmıştır. Test için oluşturulan kısa devre senaryolarında farklı arıza empedansları altında 3-faz dengeli ve tek-faz toprak arızaları analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre önerilen algoritmanın hatların belirli noktalarında oluşturulan kısa devrelerde arızalı hattı doğru bir şekilde tespit edebildiği görülmüştür. Ç...
Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences, 2019
Artan nüfus ve gelişen sanayi ile birlikte elektrik enerjisi ihtiyacı günden güne artmaktadır. Bu... more Artan nüfus ve gelişen sanayi ile birlikte elektrik enerjisi ihtiyacı günden güne artmaktadır. Bu talebin karşılanması için yeni üretim tesisleri birincil enerji kaynaklarına yakın yerlerde kurulmakta ve iletim şebekesi ile tüketim merkezlerine taşınmaktadır. Özellikle üretim ve tüketim merkezleri arasındaki mesafenin uzun olduğu yerlerde güç transfer kapasitesinin azalması ve güç açısı değerinin büyümesi problemlere neden olmaktadır. Bu bağlamda uzun iletim hatlarında iletilen aktif gücü artırmak için seri kapasitörler kullanılmaktadır. Seri kapasitörlerin, paralel hatlar arasında yük paylaşımına olanak sağlaması ve sistemin geçici hal kararlılığını artırmaya yardımcı olması şebekeye sağladığı diğer olumlu katkılardır. İletim hatlarına olan bu katkılarının yanında seri kapasitörlerin sistemde koruma görevini yerine getiren mesafe koruma rölelerinin çalışmasını olumsuz etkilediği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, seri kapasitörün yüksek gerilimli uzun iletim hatlarının yüklenmesine, şebekenin geçici hal kararlılığına ve mesafe koruma rölelerinin çalışmasına etkisini incelenmek üzere Digsilent PowerFactory programında örnek bir test sistemi oluşturulmuştur. Test sistemi üzerinde yük akış ve kısa devre analizleri yapılarak seri kapasitörlerin iletim sistemi üzerine olumlu ve olumsuz etkileri incelenmiştir. Electrical energy need is increasing day by day along with the developing industry and growing population. New generation facilities are established near the primary energy sources to meet the demand. The generated energy is transported to the load location by transmission lines. Decrease of the power transfer capacity and great value of the power angle cause some problems, especially at the longdistanced places between the generation and the load location. In this context, series capacitors are used to increase transfer capacity on long transmission lines. It is also known that the series capacitors allow load sharing between the parallel lines and improve transient stability of the network. In addition to these positive contributions to the network, the series capacitor affects operation of the distance relay negatively. In this study, a sample test system is modeled by using Digsilent PowerFactory software in order to investigate the effect of series capacitor on loading of long transmission lines, transient stability of the network and operation of distance protection relays. Load flow and short circuit analysis were performed on the test system. The advantages and disadvantages of the series capacitors on the transmission system were investigated.
EMITTER International Journal of Engineering Technology, 2019
As the importance of protection in power systems increase, knowing the type of malfunction occurr... more As the importance of protection in power systems increase, knowing the type of malfunction occurring in the system has become crucial. Especially in the distribution system where electricity is delivered to the consumer, detecting the right fault type with a short amount of time is important. For this purpose in this study, Akyazı-Düzköy distribution feeder in Trabzon province, where faults commonly occur, is modeled with Digsilent Powerfactory. The model is performed with actual parameters including 465 lines, 243 loads, 233 transformers and 1093 busbars. First, the load flow and short circuit analysis have been carried out for the validation of the model. Then a fault detection and classification algorithm is enhanced using the wavelet transform and the energy of the coefficients. Different types of short circuit faults are created at different points on the model to test the accuracy of the algorithm. The fault inception time and the effect of the fault resistance are also inv...
Uluslararası Muhendislik Arastirma ve Gelistirme Dergisi, 2018
An electrical energy generation model of a photovoltaic (PV) system is proposed in MATLAB/Simulin... more An electrical energy generation model of a photovoltaic (PV) system is proposed in MATLAB/Simulink environment. This system includes; PV panel, a maximum power point tracker (MPPT), battery system, DC-DC Boost Converter and DC-DC Buck Converter. The PV panel input parameters are ones which can be easily maintained from any PV panel datasheet and this makes the model very useful in the application area. The temperature and irradiation effects are included in the modulation. For the accuracy of the system, real time measurement results and simulation results are compared. The obtained results are satisfying.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTER SCIENCES, 2015
As distributed generation resources penetrate into distribution systems, protection and service c... more As distributed generation resources penetrate into distribution systems, protection and service continuity are becoming major issues. A new approach for protection coordination and higher reliability of a distribution system with distributed generation is explored in this paper. The concept of central coordination relay (CCR) is developed for this purpose. After a brief introduction of the design and operating procedures of CCR, the utilization of the proposed relay on two feeders of a substation in the Kocaeli region of Turkey is simulated using DIgSILENT PowerFactory. The study results show that CCR can provide better protection coordination and improved reliability indices for distributed generation systems.
ABSTRACT The use of distributed generation (DG) within distribution systems has increased for the... more ABSTRACT The use of distributed generation (DG) within distribution systems has increased for the last two decades due to institutional requirements and technical advances. This study presents the impact of DG in different types of distribution systems in terms of voltage profile and short circuit analysis. Test systems representing three types of distribution systems (radial, loop and network) are simulated using the simulation tool of Powerfactory-DigSilent while changing the location and penetration level of DG in the system. The results are useful in better understanding the system impact of DG.
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Papers by Fatih Nuroglu