From 1949 to 1994, the white-dominated government of South Africa enunciated a range of legislati... more From 1949 to 1994, the white-dominated government of South Africa enunciated a range of legislation to institutionalize apartheid, which severely repressed the socioeconomic status of blacks. Any resistance resulted in death, torture, and detention. During this period, Nigeria was the frontline nation that championed agitation against apartheid in South Africa. This manifested in the form of policies, donations, lobbies, and boycotts. Sadly, however, Nigerian nationals living in South Africa are today suffering nearly the same fate as South Africans suffered during the apartheid regime. Since 1995 till date, bloodletting xenophobic attacks on Nigerians have become a reoccurring norm for South Africans-hundreds have been killed and properties worth millions of Naira looted or destroyed. Given the numerous sacrifices Nigeria made in the quest for South Africa's emancipation from apartheid and the unique positions of the two countries in Africa, this continued uprising comes with tonnes of negative implications for not just the duo but the entire continent. It is against this backdrop that this paper tries to find out the relationship between xenophobic attacks and the socioeconomic development of Africa. It shed a spotlight on the history and modus operandi of the apartheid regime in South Africa and Nigeria's contributions towards its elimination. It further gave an account of the incessant xenophobic attacks on Nigerian nationals living in South Africa and marshalled out its implications for the socioeconomic development of Africa. In effect, it made various recommendations on how the menace could be contained. It concluded that the attack, if not checked, might crumble the quest for African development owing to the key role being played by the two countries.
One of the foremost challenges facing the Nigerian state today is the problem of unemployment amo... more One of the foremost challenges facing the Nigerian state today is the problem of unemployment among Nigerian youths and this problem has contributed to lot of social vices among Nigerian graduates, such as robbery, prostitution, cybercrimes, hoodlums, political thuggery, etc. This paper aims at investigating Government Social Intervention Schemes and Job Creation in Nigeria, with particular emphasis on former President Good luck Ebele Jonathan social intervention program (SURE-P) and President Muhammadu Buhari social intervention program (N-POWER). This is because the high rate of unemployment among Nigerian graduates is now becoming alarming on daily basis. The paper will therefore examine the extent to which these Governments social programmes have created job opportunities among Nigerian graduates, and also to ascertain whether the rate of unemployed graduates has hindered the Government in creation of jobs in Nigeria.
Restructuring is a song on the lips of many Nigerians. It has trended for decades and seems to be... more Restructuring is a song on the lips of many Nigerians. It has trended for decades and seems to be an inter-generational topical issue in Nigeria. The persistent call for restructuring takes numerous dimensions, but particularly outstanding is in the dimension of politics. It is no surprise though, because the philosophy behind the existence of every state and the control of its resources bothers on politics. Therefore, when there is a damaged cog in the wheel of the politics of the state, it becomes imperative to politically restructure the state. Since this is so, the big question then becomes ‘what is the damaged cog in the wheel of the politics of Nigeria that is a necessity for restructuring? What are the challenges of political restructuring in Nigeria? And what is the way forward?’ It is in a bid to fill this gap that this paper attempts to answer the above questions through an analytical study of a number of restructuring opinions. The findings of the study proves that ensuri...
Taxation is a viable fiscal policy employed by government to attain economic stability and foster... more Taxation is a viable fiscal policy employed by government to attain economic stability and foster development. The world societal economies are under pressure to reduce poverty, create employment, maintain peace and foster development. With the government being the machinery through which all these could be accomplished, yet having insufficient fund to deliver these social services; there is need for the citizens to render financial support in proportion to their revenue to government, so that these obligations of the government will be rightly fulfilled. This is what taxation entails. However, there have been several cases of tax evasion, tax avoidance and complaints against Nigerian taxation system prompting the reformation of the Nigerian tax policies. In spite of these reforms, it seems the issue of tax evasion and avoidance is on the increase. Many previous literatures have studied the reasons for inefficiency of taxation system despite the tax policy reform, but not much has b...
The study was on the influence of treasury single account on financial management in federal univ... more The study was on the influence of treasury single account on financial management in federal universities in northeast , Nigeria. Four objectives, four research questions and four null hypotheses guided the study. The design for the study was a descriptive survey. The population of the study was 368 staff and the Total Sample Technique was employed for the study. The instrument for data collection was adapted 4-point rating scale questionnaire. The instrument was validated by experts and pilot tested with 40 staff from the university of Jos. A reliability coefficient of 0.88 was obtained. Data were collected by the researcher assisted by 3 research assistants. The data collected were coded into the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS, 23). The package was used to run mean scores and standard deviation to answer the research questions while the hypotheses were tested using linear regression analysis at the 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed that treasury single...
Global Journal of Management and Business Research: C Finance, 2019
Taxation is a viable fiscal policy employed by government to attain economic stability and foster... more Taxation is a viable fiscal policy employed by government to attain economic stability and foster development. The world societal economies are under pressure to reduce poverty, create employment, maintain peace and foster development. With the government being the machinery through which all these could be accomplished, yet having insufficient fund to deliver these social services; there is need for the citizens to render financial support in proportion to their revenue to government, so that these obligations of the government will be rightly fulfilled. This is what taxation entails. However, there have been several cases of tax evasion, tax avoidance and complaints against Nigerian taxation system prompting the reformation of the Nigerian tax policies. In spite of these reforms, it seems the issue of tax evasion and avoidance is on the increase. Many previous literatures have studied the reasons for inefficiency of taxation system despite the tax policy reform, but not much has been said about how the influence of false taxation politics played by the politico-economic elites and tax revenue collectors affects the implementation of the tax reform policies. Abstract-Taxation is a viable fiscal policy employed by government to attain economic stability and foster development. The world societal economies are under pressure to reduce poverty, create employment, maintain peace and foster development. With the government being the machinery through which all these could be accomplished, yet having insufficient fund to deliver these social services; there is need for the citizens to render financial support in proportion to their revenue to government, so that these obligations of the government will be rightly fulfilled. This is what taxation entails. However, there have been several cases of tax evasion, tax avoidance and complaints against Nigerian taxation system prompting the reformation of the Nigerian tax policies. In spite of these reforms, it seems the issue of tax evasion and avoidance is on the increase. Many previous literatures have studied the reasons for inefficiency of taxation system despite the tax policy reform, but not much has been said about how the influence of false taxation politics played by the politico-economic elites and tax revenue collectors affects the implementation of the tax reform policies. This paper attempts to fill this gap in literature by examining actions of revenue collectors and influence of the elites on tax reform policies. An analytical study on this was carried out and the findings indicate that strong-individual against strong-institution problem and tax collectors suboptimalization are what bedevil the implementation of the tax reform policies. This paper recommends institutional re-strengthening and tax collectors social re-engineering as a panacea to this problem.
International Journal of Social Sciences and Management Review, 2019
The success of every organization is measured on the altar of its goal attainment through achieve... more The success of every organization is measured on the altar of its goal attainment through achieved organizational productivity. Unlike some efficiently managed organizations with high success rate across the globe especially in Nigeria; most organizations are left at the mercy of failure as a result of management-employees challenges due to irregularities in organizational task environment despite the abundance of managerial processes in existence that could be adopted and practiced. In relation to this, this paper attempts to draw a connecting line between improving organizational productivity, employee performance and organizational management through a managerial process referred to as management by objective (MBO). It highlighted the processes involved in the process, its objectives, elements, strengths and weaknesses; before finally recommending the best practices to be adopted in using Management by Objective (MBO) to foster optimum organizational productivity.
International Journal of Academic Research in Public Policy and Governance, 2018
Restructuring is a song on the lips of many Nigerians. It has trended for decades and seems to be... more Restructuring is a song on the lips of many Nigerians. It has trended for decades and seems to be an inter-generational topical issue in Nigeria. The persistent call for restructuring takes numerous dimensions, but particularly outstanding is in the dimension of politics. It is no surprise though, because the philosophy behind the existence of every state and the control of its resources bothers on politics. Therefore, when there is a damaged cog in the wheel of the politics of the state, it becomes imperative to politically restructure the state. Since this is so, the big question then becomes 'what is the damaged cog in the wheel of the politics of Nigeria that is a necessity for restructuring? What are the challenges of political restructuring in Nigeria? And what is the way forward?' It is in a bid to fill this gap that this paper attempts to answer the above questions through an analytical study of a number of restructuring opinions. The findings of the study proves that ensuring the peaceful coexistence of Nigerian multiethnic nationalities as one peaceful entity called Nigeria and effecting of rapid and competitive development of the different regions of the country among other factors consists the need for restructuring; while elite interest, fear of ethnic dominations, political idiosyncrasy among others construe the challenges facing political restructuring in Nigeria. This paper recommends re-federalization, value reorientation, institutional re-strengthening, ethnic representation amongst others as the solution to restructuring issues in Nigeria.
The nature, stability and development of any government organized country is a phenomenon that is... more The nature, stability and development of any government organized country is a phenomenon that is dependent on public policy. This in all ramifications proves the paramount relevance of public policy planning, making, implementation and analysis in efficiency and effectiveness of government. The existence of public policy practice however, is not devoid of challenges as it poses a fundamental question of how best to model public policy so as to create the most efficient and effective government. Numerous previous literatures had attempted to do justice to this question; nonetheless, little or no attention has been given to basic components of this question which are 'how to aggregate diverse public interest into a public policy, and how to tackle the on-paper-non-practice syndrome of established public policies'. This paper attempts to fill this gap in literature by examining these public policy questions and establishing a panacea for them. A retrospective study of the Nigerian public policy practice was undertaken.
From 1949 to 1994, the white-dominated government of South Africa enunciated a range of legislati... more From 1949 to 1994, the white-dominated government of South Africa enunciated a range of legislation to institutionalize apartheid, which severely repressed the socioeconomic status of blacks. Any resistance resulted in death, torture, and detention. During this period, Nigeria was the frontline nation that championed agitation against apartheid in South Africa. This manifested in the form of policies, donations, lobbies, and boycotts. Sadly, however, Nigerian nationals living in South Africa are today suffering nearly the same fate as South Africans suffered during the apartheid regime. Since 1995 till date, bloodletting xenophobic attacks on Nigerians have become a reoccurring norm for South Africans-hundreds have been killed and properties worth millions of Naira looted or destroyed. Given the numerous sacrifices Nigeria made in the quest for South Africa's emancipation from apartheid and the unique positions of the two countries in Africa, this continued uprising comes with tonnes of negative implications for not just the duo but the entire continent. It is against this backdrop that this paper tries to find out the relationship between xenophobic attacks and the socioeconomic development of Africa. It shed a spotlight on the history and modus operandi of the apartheid regime in South Africa and Nigeria's contributions towards its elimination. It further gave an account of the incessant xenophobic attacks on Nigerian nationals living in South Africa and marshalled out its implications for the socioeconomic development of Africa. In effect, it made various recommendations on how the menace could be contained. It concluded that the attack, if not checked, might crumble the quest for African development owing to the key role being played by the two countries.
One of the foremost challenges facing the Nigerian state today is the problem of unemployment amo... more One of the foremost challenges facing the Nigerian state today is the problem of unemployment among Nigerian youths and this problem has contributed to lot of social vices among Nigerian graduates, such as robbery, prostitution, cybercrimes, hoodlums, political thuggery, etc. This paper aims at investigating Government Social Intervention Schemes and Job Creation in Nigeria, with particular emphasis on former President Good luck Ebele Jonathan social intervention program (SURE-P) and President Muhammadu Buhari social intervention program (N-POWER). This is because the high rate of unemployment among Nigerian graduates is now becoming alarming on daily basis. The paper will therefore examine the extent to which these Governments social programmes have created job opportunities among Nigerian graduates, and also to ascertain whether the rate of unemployed graduates has hindered the Government in creation of jobs in Nigeria.
Restructuring is a song on the lips of many Nigerians. It has trended for decades and seems to be... more Restructuring is a song on the lips of many Nigerians. It has trended for decades and seems to be an inter-generational topical issue in Nigeria. The persistent call for restructuring takes numerous dimensions, but particularly outstanding is in the dimension of politics. It is no surprise though, because the philosophy behind the existence of every state and the control of its resources bothers on politics. Therefore, when there is a damaged cog in the wheel of the politics of the state, it becomes imperative to politically restructure the state. Since this is so, the big question then becomes ‘what is the damaged cog in the wheel of the politics of Nigeria that is a necessity for restructuring? What are the challenges of political restructuring in Nigeria? And what is the way forward?’ It is in a bid to fill this gap that this paper attempts to answer the above questions through an analytical study of a number of restructuring opinions. The findings of the study proves that ensuri...
Taxation is a viable fiscal policy employed by government to attain economic stability and foster... more Taxation is a viable fiscal policy employed by government to attain economic stability and foster development. The world societal economies are under pressure to reduce poverty, create employment, maintain peace and foster development. With the government being the machinery through which all these could be accomplished, yet having insufficient fund to deliver these social services; there is need for the citizens to render financial support in proportion to their revenue to government, so that these obligations of the government will be rightly fulfilled. This is what taxation entails. However, there have been several cases of tax evasion, tax avoidance and complaints against Nigerian taxation system prompting the reformation of the Nigerian tax policies. In spite of these reforms, it seems the issue of tax evasion and avoidance is on the increase. Many previous literatures have studied the reasons for inefficiency of taxation system despite the tax policy reform, but not much has b...
The study was on the influence of treasury single account on financial management in federal univ... more The study was on the influence of treasury single account on financial management in federal universities in northeast , Nigeria. Four objectives, four research questions and four null hypotheses guided the study. The design for the study was a descriptive survey. The population of the study was 368 staff and the Total Sample Technique was employed for the study. The instrument for data collection was adapted 4-point rating scale questionnaire. The instrument was validated by experts and pilot tested with 40 staff from the university of Jos. A reliability coefficient of 0.88 was obtained. Data were collected by the researcher assisted by 3 research assistants. The data collected were coded into the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS, 23). The package was used to run mean scores and standard deviation to answer the research questions while the hypotheses were tested using linear regression analysis at the 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed that treasury single...
Global Journal of Management and Business Research: C Finance, 2019
Taxation is a viable fiscal policy employed by government to attain economic stability and foster... more Taxation is a viable fiscal policy employed by government to attain economic stability and foster development. The world societal economies are under pressure to reduce poverty, create employment, maintain peace and foster development. With the government being the machinery through which all these could be accomplished, yet having insufficient fund to deliver these social services; there is need for the citizens to render financial support in proportion to their revenue to government, so that these obligations of the government will be rightly fulfilled. This is what taxation entails. However, there have been several cases of tax evasion, tax avoidance and complaints against Nigerian taxation system prompting the reformation of the Nigerian tax policies. In spite of these reforms, it seems the issue of tax evasion and avoidance is on the increase. Many previous literatures have studied the reasons for inefficiency of taxation system despite the tax policy reform, but not much has been said about how the influence of false taxation politics played by the politico-economic elites and tax revenue collectors affects the implementation of the tax reform policies. Abstract-Taxation is a viable fiscal policy employed by government to attain economic stability and foster development. The world societal economies are under pressure to reduce poverty, create employment, maintain peace and foster development. With the government being the machinery through which all these could be accomplished, yet having insufficient fund to deliver these social services; there is need for the citizens to render financial support in proportion to their revenue to government, so that these obligations of the government will be rightly fulfilled. This is what taxation entails. However, there have been several cases of tax evasion, tax avoidance and complaints against Nigerian taxation system prompting the reformation of the Nigerian tax policies. In spite of these reforms, it seems the issue of tax evasion and avoidance is on the increase. Many previous literatures have studied the reasons for inefficiency of taxation system despite the tax policy reform, but not much has been said about how the influence of false taxation politics played by the politico-economic elites and tax revenue collectors affects the implementation of the tax reform policies. This paper attempts to fill this gap in literature by examining actions of revenue collectors and influence of the elites on tax reform policies. An analytical study on this was carried out and the findings indicate that strong-individual against strong-institution problem and tax collectors suboptimalization are what bedevil the implementation of the tax reform policies. This paper recommends institutional re-strengthening and tax collectors social re-engineering as a panacea to this problem.
International Journal of Social Sciences and Management Review, 2019
The success of every organization is measured on the altar of its goal attainment through achieve... more The success of every organization is measured on the altar of its goal attainment through achieved organizational productivity. Unlike some efficiently managed organizations with high success rate across the globe especially in Nigeria; most organizations are left at the mercy of failure as a result of management-employees challenges due to irregularities in organizational task environment despite the abundance of managerial processes in existence that could be adopted and practiced. In relation to this, this paper attempts to draw a connecting line between improving organizational productivity, employee performance and organizational management through a managerial process referred to as management by objective (MBO). It highlighted the processes involved in the process, its objectives, elements, strengths and weaknesses; before finally recommending the best practices to be adopted in using Management by Objective (MBO) to foster optimum organizational productivity.
International Journal of Academic Research in Public Policy and Governance, 2018
Restructuring is a song on the lips of many Nigerians. It has trended for decades and seems to be... more Restructuring is a song on the lips of many Nigerians. It has trended for decades and seems to be an inter-generational topical issue in Nigeria. The persistent call for restructuring takes numerous dimensions, but particularly outstanding is in the dimension of politics. It is no surprise though, because the philosophy behind the existence of every state and the control of its resources bothers on politics. Therefore, when there is a damaged cog in the wheel of the politics of the state, it becomes imperative to politically restructure the state. Since this is so, the big question then becomes 'what is the damaged cog in the wheel of the politics of Nigeria that is a necessity for restructuring? What are the challenges of political restructuring in Nigeria? And what is the way forward?' It is in a bid to fill this gap that this paper attempts to answer the above questions through an analytical study of a number of restructuring opinions. The findings of the study proves that ensuring the peaceful coexistence of Nigerian multiethnic nationalities as one peaceful entity called Nigeria and effecting of rapid and competitive development of the different regions of the country among other factors consists the need for restructuring; while elite interest, fear of ethnic dominations, political idiosyncrasy among others construe the challenges facing political restructuring in Nigeria. This paper recommends re-federalization, value reorientation, institutional re-strengthening, ethnic representation amongst others as the solution to restructuring issues in Nigeria.
The nature, stability and development of any government organized country is a phenomenon that is... more The nature, stability and development of any government organized country is a phenomenon that is dependent on public policy. This in all ramifications proves the paramount relevance of public policy planning, making, implementation and analysis in efficiency and effectiveness of government. The existence of public policy practice however, is not devoid of challenges as it poses a fundamental question of how best to model public policy so as to create the most efficient and effective government. Numerous previous literatures had attempted to do justice to this question; nonetheless, little or no attention has been given to basic components of this question which are 'how to aggregate diverse public interest into a public policy, and how to tackle the on-paper-non-practice syndrome of established public policies'. This paper attempts to fill this gap in literature by examining these public policy questions and establishing a panacea for them. A retrospective study of the Nigerian public policy practice was undertaken.
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