Papers by Christoph Ernst
International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management
Estimating green energy’s impact on regional economies of developing countries is challenging, ow... more Estimating green energy’s impact on regional economies of developing countries is challenging, owing both to the lack of disaggregated data of non-conventional energy sources at the subnational level and a method to address its participation in the energy matrix. We develop a methodology to solve both problems and apply it to the case of Santa Fe province, Argentina, an important producer of biofuels (biodiesel from soybean and ethanol from maize). To disaggregate the participation of biofuel sectors we combine aggregated sector information with subsector surveys. Once established the share of biofuels in the economy and their potential to create jobs, it is possible to generate statistics on the input-output relationships. With the latter, we estimate a hybrid input-output model and calculate the effects of shocks on production and employment stemming from the full utilization of existing idle capacity, as well as from new investments in the sector. The instrument allows us to seve...
Human Rights Documents Online
Libraries, institutions and other users registered with a reproduction rights organization may ma... more Libraries, institutions and other users registered with a reproduction rights organization may make copies in accordance with the licences issued to them for this purpose. Visit www.ifrro.org to find the reproduction rights organization in your country.
Cambios tecnológicos y laborales. Sus implicancias en el mercado de trabajo de Argentina
La evolucion tecnologica viene impulsando cambios a nivel global en las formas de organizacion de... more La evolucion tecnologica viene impulsando cambios a nivel global en las formas de organizacion de la produccion. Este hecho genera transformaciones en el funcionamiento de los mercados laborales, tanto en los niveles de empleo y salarios como en la dinamica de las ocupaciones. El interrogante que subyacea este fenomeno es si las innovaciones tecnologicas son una fuente de exclusion para los trabajadores o si, por el contrario, abren nuevas oportunidades de empleo. Hoy existe un gran debate y, si bien el future es incierto, resulta indispensable comprender el vinculo entre las nuevas tecnologias, las innovaciones y los empleos, para aprovechar nuevas oportunidades de crear un desarrollo inclusivo y sostenible. Esta investigacion tiene como objetivo realizar un aporte estadistico descriptivo acerca de los rasgos mas sobresalientes del cambio tecnologico, apostando a la idea evolucionista de que estamos en medio de una revolucion tecnologica sin precedentes, que nos obliga a pensar est...
Technological advances have been driving changes in the organization and patterns of production a... more Technological advances have been driving changes in the organization and patterns of production around the globe. Yet, this phenomenon’s effect on labor markets is not entirely clear. There are two overarching positions in the academic debate. One holds that technological advances will lead to the exclusion of certain groups of workers and the other that new opportunities and jobs will be created.
The world faces a huge challenge of creating produc tive jobs for its expanding labour force, say... more The world faces a huge challenge of creating produc tive jobs for its expanding labour force, says a new study by three ILO economists. This chal lenge is global in three ways. First, inadequate availability of productive jobs is now a worldwide phenomenon, affecting both North and South. Second, global forces such as cros -b rder flows of trade, capital and labour now have important consequences for employment in i ndividual countries. Third, international economic policies are now almost as i mportant as national policies for expanding opportunities for productive employment i n less developed countries, where most of the world’s workers live and where almost all of its new workers will live.
La COVID-19 y el mundo del trabajo en Argentina: impacto y respuestas de política- Resumen ejecutivo
This working paper should help decision-makers in the Egyptian government, but also think tanks a... more This working paper should help decision-makers in the Egyptian government, but also think tanks and academia to gain a better understanding of the potential impact of the Urgent Plan.
For many developing countries, attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) has been a key aspect o... more For many developing countries, attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) has been a key aspect of their outward-oriented development strategy, as investment is considered a crucial element for output growth and employment generation. New trends have reinforced the importance of private investment. As a result of the move towards neo-liberal policies, the role of the State role shifted from an active economic player with productive activities to a provider of an environment of doing business and of social risk insurance. Private investment, both domestic and foreign, is viewed as the driving force of the economy. FDI is seen to complement scarce domestic financial resources. It is also expected to help modernize production by transferring know-how and technology, while increasing domestic productivity and competition and improving international competitiveness. FDI should also facilitate integration into the world market, domestic participation in globalized production patterns, and...
Revista de la CEPAL, 2020
La economía argentina se vuelve más verde debido a una nueva orientación política, a los compromi... more La economía argentina se vuelve más verde debido a una nueva orientación política, a los compromisos internacionales (Acuerdo de París y Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible) y a las iniciativas privadas. Esta transición tiene impactos económicos y sociales. Aquí se busca determinar el potencial de la economía para crear empleos verdes que protejan al ambiente y al trabajador. En 2015, el 7% de los empleos formales eran verdes y presentaban en promedio mejores condiciones laborales. Predominaban en las actividades de producción de bienes y prestación de servicios urbanos, como saneamiento y transporte. Las regulaciones y políticas públicas parecen ser los principales factores que promueven la creación del empleo verde; el consumo aún juega un papel menor. Para que la transición hacia una economía verde sea justa, las políticas deben considerar la dimensión laboral para iniciar un círculo virtuoso hacia una economía más productiva, inclusiva y favorable al ambiente. Palabras clave Empleo, medio ambiente, cambio climático, economía ambiental, creación de empleos, trabajo digno, protección ambiental, desarrollo sostenible, estadísticas del empleo, Argentina Clasificación JEL
The symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. Me... more The symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. The designations employed in ILO and UNCTAD publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Labour Office and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers. The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed articles, studies and other contributions rests solely with their authors, and publication does not constitute an endorsement by the International Labour Office and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development of the opinions expressed in them. Reference to names of firms and commercial products and processes does not imply their endorsement by the International Labour Office or the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, and any failure to mention a particular firm, commercial product or process is not a sign of disapproval.
In recent policy debates, social protection and tax have emerged as two of the key policy instrum... more In recent policy debates, social protection and tax have emerged as two of the key policy instruments available to governments in the pursuit of development goals.
This review provides an overview of different methodologies and approaches currently being used t... more This review provides an overview of different methodologies and approaches currently being used to count or to estimate job creation in the framework of investments.
Offshoring and employment in the developing world: The case of Costa Rica
Economic opening, FDI and its contribution to the creation of quality employment
How to promote youth employment ?
a. The youth face specific barriers in the labour market; their unemployment rate is significantl... more a. The youth face specific barriers in the labour market; their unemployment rate is significantly higher and their employment and working conditions are worse than those of their elders, which leads to high economic and social costs for their society. Special attention must, therefore, be paid to integrating the youth better into the labour market, even more so given that their number is so high.
The Dynamic Social Accounting Matrix (Dy SAM) is an assessment tool which helps to compare the co... more The Dynamic Social Accounting Matrix (Dy SAM) is an assessment tool which helps to compare the cost- effectiveness and employment dimension of different technologies applied in the implementation of infrastructure investment, Government spending or other public policies. This Working Paper should help technicians and modellers gain a basic understanding of the functioning of the DySAM and its potential for aplication for policy advice.
CEPAL Review
The Argentine economy has been becoming greener because of a new political orientation, internati... more The Argentine economy has been becoming greener because of a new political orientation, international commitments (the Paris Agreement and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development) and private sector initiatives. This transition is having economic and social impacts. The aim of the present article is to determine the potential of the economy to create green jobs that protect workers and the environment. In 2015, 7% of formal jobs were green and presented better average employment conditions than the rest. They were predominantly in goods production and the provision of urban services, such as sanitation and transport. Regulations and public policies seem to be the main factors driving green job creation, with consumption still playing a minor role. For the transition to a green economy to be fair, policies must take account of the employment dimension in order to initiate a virtuous circle leading to a more productive, inclusive and environmentally friendly economy.
Economía de plataformas y empleo: ¿Cómo es trabajar para una app en Argentina?
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Papers by Christoph Ernst