Titration Volumetric analysis is quantitative analysing measuring volumes to find the concentrati... more Titration Volumetric analysis is quantitative analysing measuring volumes to find the concentration of a solution. This involves reacting a solution of known concentration with one of unknown concentration to determine the equivalence point. The equivalence point is reached when the reactants have completely reacted together in the ratio of the mole quantities given in the balanced equation for the reaction. The equivalence point for NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq) NaCl (aq) + H 2 O (l) is when sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid have completely reacted in a 1:1 mole ratio. The equivalence point for 2KOH (aq) + H 2 SO 4(aq) K 2 SO 4(aq) + 2H 2 O (l) is when potassium hydroxide and sulfuric acid have completely reacted in a 1:1 mole ratio. Describe the equivalence point for the reaction: 3KOH (aq) + H 3 PO 4(aq) K 3 PO 4(aq) + 3H 2 O (l) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ The equivalence point for a neutralisation reaction is measured by choosing an acid-base indicator that changes colour about the pH of the salt solution that was formed at the equivalence point. strong acid + strong base neutral salt solution pH about 7 bromothymol blue or litmus indicator solution change colour about pH 7 strong acid + weak base acid salt solution pH below 7 methyl orange indicator solution changes colour about pH 4 weak acid + strong base basic salt solution pH above 7 phenolphthalein indicator solution changes colour about pH 9 The point at which the indicator changes colour is called the end point. An indicator is chosen with end point as close as possible to the equivalence point.
Titration Volumetric analysis is quantitative analysing measuring volumes to find the concentrati... more Titration Volumetric analysis is quantitative analysing measuring volumes to find the concentration of a solution. This involves reacting a solution of known concentration with one of unknown concentration to determine the equivalence point. The equivalence point is reached when the reactants have completely reacted together in the ratio of the mole quantities given in the balanced equation for the reaction. The equivalence point for NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq) NaCl (aq) + H 2 O (l) is when sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid have completely reacted in a 1:1 mole ratio. The equivalence point for 2KOH (aq) + H 2 SO 4(aq) K 2 SO 4(aq) + 2H 2 O (l) is when potassium hydroxide and sulfuric acid have completely reacted in a 1:1 mole ratio. Describe the equivalence point for the reaction: 3KOH (aq) + H 3 PO 4(aq) K 3 PO 4(aq) + 3H 2 O (l) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ The equivalence point for a neutralisation reaction is measured by choosing an acid-base indicator that changes colour about the pH of the salt solution that was formed at the equivalence point. strong acid + strong base neutral salt solution pH about 7 bromothymol blue or litmus indicator solution change colour about pH 7 strong acid + weak base acid salt solution pH below 7 methyl orange indicator solution changes colour about pH 4 weak acid + strong base basic salt solution pH above 7 phenolphthalein indicator solution changes colour about pH 9 The point at which the indicator changes colour is called the end point. An indicator is chosen with end point as close as possible to the equivalence point.
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