Papers by Engr. Shoaib Rauf
2019 4th International Conference on Smart and Sustainable Technologies (SpliTech), 2019
This paper presents demand side load management using a smart controller. Normal time and load sl... more This paper presents demand side load management using a smart controller. Normal time and load slabs based revolving load shedding techniques affect equally all small and large consumers. Small homes have simple light and fan loads in summer compared to fully air conditioned posh bungalows. Utility blanket load shedding techniques affect equally low and high load customers equally. In summer, April to September, domestic air conditioner loads are 46 to 47% of domestic loads. Utilities certainly want to reduce load on 11kV feeders during peak hours without effecting small consumers by blanket load shedding. There is no technology in market that can selectively disconnect large loads and permit small loads. Introduction of smart devices into consumer premises can facilitate them shutdown themselves by detecting system health conditions. Voltage and frequency of power system informs the system health condition as temperature and pulse rate tell the health condition of a patient. Priority based load management is a good alternative to incorporate renewable energy but not best for live load management. Utility wants to control consumer loads through local smart circuit breakers or AMI under bottom up approach. Intelligent circuit breakers controlling luxurious, auxiliary and essential loads can be prioritized to implement the smart grid option yet in an unsustainable forced manner. A smart load controller may automatically detect system overloading and use standard HEC-12/ZigBee wireless technologies to switch off luxury loads in multiple story buildings. If the same idea is implemented by all consumers, then demand side load management can become a living reality. Demand side live line load management can also be accomplished by advance metering infrastructures (AMI) if manufactured using smart load management functions inside it that are not available in common AMI meters in market. Presence of live line load controller in all homes adapt the load according to available utility supply capacities that might need utility level arrangement
International Journal of Photoenergy, 2017
Smart grid for the past few years has been the prime focus of research in power systems. The aim ... more Smart grid for the past few years has been the prime focus of research in power systems. The aim is to eliminate load shedding and problematic blackout conditions, further offering cheap and continuous supply of electricity for both large and small consumers. Another benefit is to integrate renewable energy resources with existing dump grid in more efficient and cost-effective manner. In past few years, growing demand for sustainable energy increases the consumption of solar PV. Since generation from solar PV is in DC and most of the appliances at home could be operated on DC, AC-DC hybrid distribution system with energy management system is proposed in this paper. EMS helps to shift or control the auxiliary load and compel the users to operate specific load at certain time slots. These techniques further help to manage the excessive load during peak and off peak hours. It demonstrates the practical implementation of DC-AC network with integration of solar PV and battery storage wit...
International Journal of Photoenergy, 2020
This paper addresses the use of nanogrid technology in resolving the issue of blanket load sheddi... more This paper addresses the use of nanogrid technology in resolving the issue of blanket load shedding for domestic consumers. This is accomplished by using different load management techniques and load classification and utilizing maximum solar energy. The inclusion of DC-based load in basic load and DC inverter load in regular load and scheduling of the burst load during the hours of maximum solar PV generation bring novelty in this work. The term “nanogrid” as a power structure remains ambiguous in various publications so far. An effort has been done in this paper to present a concise definition of nanogrid. Demand side load management is one of the key features of nanogrid, which enables end users to know major characteristics about their energy consumption during peak and off-peak hours. A microgrid option with nanogrid facility results in a more reliable system with overall improvement in efficiency and reduction in carbon emission. PV plants produce DC power; when used directly,...
Procedia Computer Science, 2016
This paper is about efficient use of smart dc grid technology for photovoltaic distributed genera... more This paper is about efficient use of smart dc grid technology for photovoltaic distributed generation and utilizing it in smart way, to build infrastructure more reliable and to achieve the goal to cater the need for tomorrow. As there are many conversion losses from ac to dc, world is moving towards dc appliances as most of the electronic appliances at home accept dc power supply. Receiving dc power from Photovoltaic solar, it is clear there would be benefits in avoiding the conversion losses, especially when most of the devices used at home run on dc. This benefit is further enhanced if dc is directly used for lighting, electric vehicle charging, Digital equipment etc. PV solar energy produces dc power and if used directly then power loss will be minimized. Exact calculation of solar panels and proper battery sizing leads to a reliable distributed generation system. 240Vdc grid will also help to minimize the power transmission losses for up rise buildings, this will further enhance the system efficiency. Proper selection of wire minimizes the electric corrosion. Series and parallel combination of PV and battery cells will enhance the use of suitable power supply for each electronic device. Other side where ac supply is required 240Vdc directly converts to 240Vac for Ac machines such as conventional appliances in order to minimize transformer losses. This paper also presents an idea for smart load shedding techniques and its practical implementation in the form of smart dc Grid. Its various applications will enhance the functionality of a smart Dc grid on residential load.
—The electricity and transportation industries are the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions o... more —The electricity and transportation industries are the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions on Earth. Renewable energy, mainly wind and solar, can reduce emission from the electricity industry (mainly from power plants). Likewise, next-generation plug-in vehicles, which include plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (EVs) and EVs with vehicle-to-grid capability, referred to as " gridable vehicles " (GVs) by the authors, can reduce emission from the transportation industry. GVs can be used as loads, energy sources (small portable power plants), and energy stor-ages in a smart grid integrated with renewable energy sources (RESs). Smart grid operation to reduce both cost and emission simultaneously is a very complex task considering smart charging and discharging of GVs in a distributed energy source and load environment. If a large number of GVs is connected to the electric grid randomly, peak load will be very high. The use of traditional thermal power plants will be economically and environmentally expensive to support the electrified transportation. The intelligent scheduling and control of GVs as loads and/or sources have great potential for evolving a sustainable integrated electricity and transportation infrastructure. Cost and emission reductions in a smart grid by maximum utilization of GVs and RESs are presented in this paper. Possible models for GV applications, including the smart grid model, are given, and results are presented. The smart grid model offers the best potential for maximum utilization of RESs to reduce cost and emission from the electricity industry.
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Papers by Engr. Shoaib Rauf