Papers by Pamela M . Earl
The Cobblestone Streets and Lanes of the Ancient Town of Rye, Cinque Port, East Sussex , 2014
Integral to the identity of the Ancient town of Rye are its cobblestones. Known locally as boulde... more Integral to the identity of the Ancient town of Rye are its cobblestones. Known locally as boulders, they are used on streets, lanes, pavements, forecourts and private curtilages. Cobblestones have been sourced from varying places including rivers, quarries, the foreshore and ship ballasts. Many of the current cobbled streets and lanes are Grade II listed, due to their archaeological and historic importance; and aesthetic value. Rye itself is a conservation area. Over the centuries, paths and lanes have appeared and disappeared. This is due to a combination of economic and natural forces, possibly war. Sections of cobblestone paths have been discovered in at least two previous excavations. Many of the streets and lanes are Norman. It is unclear when cobblestones were first used in Rye. All charters and old records were lost near the time of c1447. By 1927 it appears cobblestones were being used 'only where people walk more leisurely.' Streets and lanes were being paved over. Most of the footpath surrounding St Mary's is smothered in blacktop. From a social standpoint, there is an emotional attachment to the cobblestones, setting them apart from most paving surfaces. 'Rye would have lost its character, and no longer be its attractive little self without them.'
Battlefield, 2017
A little-known sea battle off the Cinque Port of Sandwich stopped what would have been a foreign ... more A little-known sea battle off the Cinque Port of Sandwich stopped what would have been a foreign invasion. It is considered to be a watershed in medieval Europe’s naval history. Not since the Conquest or the Spanish Armada had England been so threatened. William Marshal, now Regent of England, would oversee the battle from ashore.
Battlefield, 2023
The French raided England’s Southeast coast for varying reasons. One such raid occurred in 1514. ... more The French raided England’s Southeast coast for varying reasons. One such raid occurred in 1514. This time it was an invasion. The fishing town of Brighthelmstone would succumb to a French king’s wrath.
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Papers by Pamela M . Earl