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E. Hagley

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University of Reading

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Tohoku Institute of Technology

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Western University Canada

Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic

College of William and Mary

Leandro Gimenez

University of Sao Paulo

University of Wisconsin-Madison

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Papers by E. Hagley

29p-D-6 原子波レーザー

25p-YQ-7 原子レーザ

Synchrotron ultraviolet radiation facility SURF III

Review of Scientific Instruments, 2002

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has operated the Synchrotron Ultraviole... more The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has operated the Synchrotron Ultraviolet Radiation Facility (SURF) continuously since the early 1960s. The original accelerator was converted into a storage ring, called SURF II, in 1974. Then in 1998, motivated mainly by limitations in the accuracy of radiometric calibrations and the wish to extend the spectrum of the emitted synchrotron radiation to shorter wavelengths, a second major upgrade was performed. This time the whole magnet system was replaced to improve the calculability and allow for higher magnetic fields. Since the recommissioning of SURF III we have been working to improve the stability of the stored electron beam through modifications of the radio-frequency system, leading to operations with unprecedented stability and new record injection currents topping 700 mA.

Comment on “Opening Optical Four-Wave Mixing Channels with Giant Enhancement Using Ultraslow Pump Waves”

Physical Review Letters, 2004

Forty years of metrology with synchrotron radiation at SURF

Synchrotron Radiation News, 2003

Demonstration of Quantum Memory and Creation of Massive EPR Pairs

Non-linear atom optics: solitons and four-wave-mixing in a Bose-Einstein condensate

Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications, 2000

With the discovery of Bose-Einstein condensation we now have a dense source of coherent matter-wa... more

The dangerous dark companion of bright green lasers

SPIE Newsroom, 2011

The spectra of inexpensive, green laser pointers exhibit IR components that are 10 times more int... more

Temporal, Matter-Wave-Dispersion Talbot Effect

Physical Review Letters, 1999

We analyze and experimentally demonstrate a new (temporal) Talbot effect, where a pulsed phase gr... more We analyze and experimentally demonstrate a new (temporal) Talbot effect, where a pulsed phase grating is applied to a cloud of cold atoms (Bose-Einstein condensate). In contrast to the usual (spatial) Talbot effect, our atoms gain kinetic energy when diffracted by the pulsed grating. The energy gain and the matter-wave-dispersion relation result in an exact (no paraxial approximation) Talbot effect where the initial wave front is reconstructed at multiples of a "Talbot time" T T . We demonstrate the Talbot effect by applying a second pulsed phase grating after a variable delay. When this second grating is applied at even (odd) multiples of T T ͞2, it doubles (cancels) the effect of the first pulsed grating.

Quantum Rabi Oscillation: A Direct Test of Field Quantization in a Cavity

Physical Review Letters, 1996

We have observed the Rabi oscillation of circular Rydberg atoms in the vacuum and in small cohere... more We have observed the Rabi oscillation of circular Rydberg atoms in the vacuum and in small coherent fields stored in a high Q cavity. The signal exhibits discrete Fourier components at frequencies proportional to the square root of successive integers. This provides direct evidence of field quantization in the cavity. The weights of the Fourier components yield the photon number distribution in the field. This investigation of the excited levels of the atom-cavity system reveals nonlinear quantum features at extremely low field strengths.

Generation of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Pairs of Atoms

Physical Review Letters, 1997

Pairs of atoms have been prepared in an entangled state of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen ( EPR) typ... more Pairs of atoms have been prepared in an entangled state of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen ( EPR) type. They were produced by the exchange of a single photon between the atoms in a high Q cavity. The atoms, entangled in a superposition involving two different circular Rydberg states, were separated by a distance of the order of 1 cm. At variance with most previous EPR experiments, this one involves massive particles. It can be generalized to three or more atoms and opens the way to new tests of nonlocality in mesoscopic quantum systems. [S0031-9007(97)03502-3]

Quantum key distribution with 1.25 Gbps clock synchronization

Optics Express, 2004

We have demonstrated the exchange of sifted quantum cryptographic key over a 730 meter free-space... more We have demonstrated the exchange of sifted quantum cryptographic key over a 730 meter free-space link at rates of up to 1.0 Mbps, two orders of magnitude faster than previously reported results. A classical channel at 1550 nm operates in parallel with a quantum channel at 845 nm. Clock recovery techniques on the classical channel at 1.25 Gbps enable quantum transmission at up to the clock rate. System performance is currently limited by the timing resolution of our silicon avalanche photodiode detectors. With improved detector resolution, our technique will yield another order of magnitude increase in performance, with existing technology.

Lasers & Sources The dangerous dark companion of bright green lasers

... This may be caused by a manufacturing fault in the beam alignment into the crystal. Normally ... more

SURF III: A flexible synchrotron radiation source for radiometry and research

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2011

The calculability of synchrotron radiation (SR) makes electron storage rings wonderful light sour... more The calculability of synchrotron radiation (SR) makes electron storage rings wonderful light sources for radiometry. The broadband nature of SR allows coverage of the whole spectral region from the x-ray to the far-infrared. Compact low-energy storage rings like SURF III are perfect sources for radiometric applications, because the output spectrum can be custom-tailored to the user's needs: Low current operations can simulate the solar spectrum, changes to the electron energy can deal with higher-order contributions of spectrometers and monochromators, and manipulation of the source size increases the lifetime or change the radiation density. At multiuser facilities these special operational conditions are generally not possible, since many users have to be satisfied simultaneously. NIST maintains at SURF one of the best SR-based calibration programs in the world: Standard lamp calibrations, detector calibrations, and measurements of optical properties are routinely performed at SURF with great reliability and accuracy.

Quantum Rabi nutation in vacuum and coherent fields: a direct test of field quantization in a cavity

Summary form only given. We report here the first observation of the Rabi nutation of an atom in ... more Summary form only given. We report here the first observation of the Rabi nutation of an atom in vacuum and in controlled coherent fields. Atomic and cavity relaxations are small enough to permit the observation of four oscillation periods in vacuum and the resolution of several individual frequency components when a field is injected.

Earlier Publications from projects at Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics Garching - One-Atom Maser and Hydrogen Spectroscopy - and Laboratoire Kaster Brossel, Ec ole Normale Supperieure, Paris - Cavity QED with Rydberg atoms

Atoms and cavities: Explorations of quantum entanglement

The sixteenth international conference on atomic physics, 1999

The interaction of circular Rydberg atoms with a high-quality microwave cavity makes it possible ... more The interaction of circular Rydberg atoms with a high-quality microwave cavity makes it possible to realize complex quantum state manipulations. The state of an atom can be ``copied&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; onto the cavity. Reversing this operation at a later time with a second atom, we realize an elementary ``quantum memory&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; holding an atomic quantum coherence for a while in a cavity mode.

Polarization-selective Kerr-phase-shift method for fast, all-optical polarization switching in a cold atomic medium

Physical Review A

We examine an all-optical atomic-polarization-gate scheme using a polarization-selective Kerr pha... more We examine an all-optical atomic-polarization-gate scheme using a polarization-selective Kerr phase-shift technique. Using a Kerr $$\pi${}$-phase-shift technique, we selectively write a $$\pi${}$ phase shift to one of the circularly polarized components of a linearly polarized signal field while leaving the other component unchanged. Upon recombination, the signal field acquires a ${90}^{$\circ${}}$ linear-polarization rotation, completing the critical polarization-gate operation. We demonstrate with numerical simulations that a special phase-control light-field detuning can be obtained which results in a complete linear-polarization rotation with a phase-control light.

Manipulating entanglement with atoms and photons in a cavity

Quantum Electronics International Conference, 1998

Summary form only given. The preparation of simple entangled quantum systems and the demonstratio... more Summary form only given. The preparation of simple entangled quantum systems and the demonstration of their nonclassical properties has been a challenging goal since the early days of quantum mechanics and the famous Einstein Poldolsky Rosen (ERR) paper. Using “circular Rydberg atoms” strongly interacting with a zero or one-photon field stored in a microwave superconducting cavity, we have been able

Experiments On Entangled Atom-cavity States: "schrodinger Cats" And Other Tests Of Quantum Theory

Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America, 1997

ABSTRACT

29p-D-6 原子波レーザー

25p-YQ-7 原子レーザ

Synchrotron ultraviolet radiation facility SURF III

Review of Scientific Instruments, 2002

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has operated the Synchrotron Ultraviole... more The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has operated the Synchrotron Ultraviolet Radiation Facility (SURF) continuously since the early 1960s. The original accelerator was converted into a storage ring, called SURF II, in 1974. Then in 1998, motivated mainly by limitations in the accuracy of radiometric calibrations and the wish to extend the spectrum of the emitted synchrotron radiation to shorter wavelengths, a second major upgrade was performed. This time the whole magnet system was replaced to improve the calculability and allow for higher magnetic fields. Since the recommissioning of SURF III we have been working to improve the stability of the stored electron beam through modifications of the radio-frequency system, leading to operations with unprecedented stability and new record injection currents topping 700 mA.

Comment on “Opening Optical Four-Wave Mixing Channels with Giant Enhancement Using Ultraslow Pump Waves”

Physical Review Letters, 2004

Forty years of metrology with synchrotron radiation at SURF

Synchrotron Radiation News, 2003

Demonstration of Quantum Memory and Creation of Massive EPR Pairs

Non-linear atom optics: solitons and four-wave-mixing in a Bose-Einstein condensate

Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals, and Applications, 2000

With the discovery of Bose-Einstein condensation we now have a dense source of coherent matter-wa... more

The dangerous dark companion of bright green lasers

SPIE Newsroom, 2011

The spectra of inexpensive, green laser pointers exhibit IR components that are 10 times more int... more

Temporal, Matter-Wave-Dispersion Talbot Effect

Physical Review Letters, 1999

We analyze and experimentally demonstrate a new (temporal) Talbot effect, where a pulsed phase gr... more We analyze and experimentally demonstrate a new (temporal) Talbot effect, where a pulsed phase grating is applied to a cloud of cold atoms (Bose-Einstein condensate). In contrast to the usual (spatial) Talbot effect, our atoms gain kinetic energy when diffracted by the pulsed grating. The energy gain and the matter-wave-dispersion relation result in an exact (no paraxial approximation) Talbot effect where the initial wave front is reconstructed at multiples of a "Talbot time" T T . We demonstrate the Talbot effect by applying a second pulsed phase grating after a variable delay. When this second grating is applied at even (odd) multiples of T T ͞2, it doubles (cancels) the effect of the first pulsed grating.

Quantum Rabi Oscillation: A Direct Test of Field Quantization in a Cavity

Physical Review Letters, 1996

We have observed the Rabi oscillation of circular Rydberg atoms in the vacuum and in small cohere... more We have observed the Rabi oscillation of circular Rydberg atoms in the vacuum and in small coherent fields stored in a high Q cavity. The signal exhibits discrete Fourier components at frequencies proportional to the square root of successive integers. This provides direct evidence of field quantization in the cavity. The weights of the Fourier components yield the photon number distribution in the field. This investigation of the excited levels of the atom-cavity system reveals nonlinear quantum features at extremely low field strengths.

Generation of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Pairs of Atoms

Physical Review Letters, 1997

Pairs of atoms have been prepared in an entangled state of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen ( EPR) typ... more Pairs of atoms have been prepared in an entangled state of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen ( EPR) type. They were produced by the exchange of a single photon between the atoms in a high Q cavity. The atoms, entangled in a superposition involving two different circular Rydberg states, were separated by a distance of the order of 1 cm. At variance with most previous EPR experiments, this one involves massive particles. It can be generalized to three or more atoms and opens the way to new tests of nonlocality in mesoscopic quantum systems. [S0031-9007(97)03502-3]

Quantum key distribution with 1.25 Gbps clock synchronization

Optics Express, 2004

We have demonstrated the exchange of sifted quantum cryptographic key over a 730 meter free-space... more We have demonstrated the exchange of sifted quantum cryptographic key over a 730 meter free-space link at rates of up to 1.0 Mbps, two orders of magnitude faster than previously reported results. A classical channel at 1550 nm operates in parallel with a quantum channel at 845 nm. Clock recovery techniques on the classical channel at 1.25 Gbps enable quantum transmission at up to the clock rate. System performance is currently limited by the timing resolution of our silicon avalanche photodiode detectors. With improved detector resolution, our technique will yield another order of magnitude increase in performance, with existing technology.

Lasers & Sources The dangerous dark companion of bright green lasers

... This may be caused by a manufacturing fault in the beam alignment into the crystal. Normally ... more

SURF III: A flexible synchrotron radiation source for radiometry and research

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2011

The calculability of synchrotron radiation (SR) makes electron storage rings wonderful light sour... more The calculability of synchrotron radiation (SR) makes electron storage rings wonderful light sources for radiometry. The broadband nature of SR allows coverage of the whole spectral region from the x-ray to the far-infrared. Compact low-energy storage rings like SURF III are perfect sources for radiometric applications, because the output spectrum can be custom-tailored to the user's needs: Low current operations can simulate the solar spectrum, changes to the electron energy can deal with higher-order contributions of spectrometers and monochromators, and manipulation of the source size increases the lifetime or change the radiation density. At multiuser facilities these special operational conditions are generally not possible, since many users have to be satisfied simultaneously. NIST maintains at SURF one of the best SR-based calibration programs in the world: Standard lamp calibrations, detector calibrations, and measurements of optical properties are routinely performed at SURF with great reliability and accuracy.

Quantum Rabi nutation in vacuum and coherent fields: a direct test of field quantization in a cavity

Summary form only given. We report here the first observation of the Rabi nutation of an atom in ... more Summary form only given. We report here the first observation of the Rabi nutation of an atom in vacuum and in controlled coherent fields. Atomic and cavity relaxations are small enough to permit the observation of four oscillation periods in vacuum and the resolution of several individual frequency components when a field is injected.

Earlier Publications from projects at Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics Garching - One-Atom Maser and Hydrogen Spectroscopy - and Laboratoire Kaster Brossel, Ec ole Normale Supperieure, Paris - Cavity QED with Rydberg atoms

Atoms and cavities: Explorations of quantum entanglement

The sixteenth international conference on atomic physics, 1999

The interaction of circular Rydberg atoms with a high-quality microwave cavity makes it possible ... more The interaction of circular Rydberg atoms with a high-quality microwave cavity makes it possible to realize complex quantum state manipulations. The state of an atom can be ``copied&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; onto the cavity. Reversing this operation at a later time with a second atom, we realize an elementary ``quantum memory&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; holding an atomic quantum coherence for a while in a cavity mode.

Polarization-selective Kerr-phase-shift method for fast, all-optical polarization switching in a cold atomic medium

Physical Review A

We examine an all-optical atomic-polarization-gate scheme using a polarization-selective Kerr pha... more We examine an all-optical atomic-polarization-gate scheme using a polarization-selective Kerr phase-shift technique. Using a Kerr $$\pi${}$-phase-shift technique, we selectively write a $$\pi${}$ phase shift to one of the circularly polarized components of a linearly polarized signal field while leaving the other component unchanged. Upon recombination, the signal field acquires a ${90}^{$\circ${}}$ linear-polarization rotation, completing the critical polarization-gate operation. We demonstrate with numerical simulations that a special phase-control light-field detuning can be obtained which results in a complete linear-polarization rotation with a phase-control light.

Manipulating entanglement with atoms and photons in a cavity

Quantum Electronics International Conference, 1998

Summary form only given. The preparation of simple entangled quantum systems and the demonstratio... more Summary form only given. The preparation of simple entangled quantum systems and the demonstration of their nonclassical properties has been a challenging goal since the early days of quantum mechanics and the famous Einstein Poldolsky Rosen (ERR) paper. Using “circular Rydberg atoms” strongly interacting with a zero or one-photon field stored in a microwave superconducting cavity, we have been able

Experiments On Entangled Atom-cavity States: "schrodinger Cats" And Other Tests Of Quantum Theory

Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America, 1997

ABSTRACT