Papers by Dr Lubhan singh
International Journal of Pharmaceutics
Journal of Neuroscience and Behavioral Health, 2017
Silibinin (Silybin) as an active constituent derived from milk thistle (Silybum marianum) has bee... more Silibinin (Silybin) as an active constituent derived from milk thistle (Silybum marianum) has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. In traditional system of medicine, Silybum marianum has been used for treating various kinds of ailments including liver disease and cancer; however, clinical studies are largely heterogeneous and contradictory. The present study was designed to investigate whether Silibinin protects neuronal injury against middle cerebral artery occlusion induced oxidative stress associated damages in focal cerebral ischemia in Wistar rats. Rats weighing 250 to 300 g were pretreated with Silibinin 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg body weight, suspended in 0.5% of gum acacia) once daily for seven days. On 8th day, they underwent for middle cerebral artery 2 h suture occlusion by nylon suture. After 120 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and 22 h of reperfusion, behavioral tests were assessed in terms of neurological deficits. Animals were sacrificed and infarct volume in Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) stained brain sections was measured. Further, various oxidative biomarkers were estimated in brain homogenates of rats. Pretreatment with Silibinin at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly improved the neurobehavioural alterations and reduced the infarct volume whereas 200 mg/kg Silibinin significantly increases the Glutathione (GSH) level and the others parameters with respect to control values. These results clearly indicate the neuroprotective effect of Silibinin against middle cerebral artery occlusion associated with oxidative damage induced brain injury due to its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic property.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 2021
Objectives: Pulses have grown increasingly popular as a result of their high nutritional content ... more Objectives: Pulses have grown increasingly popular as a result of their high nutritional content and phytochemical content. However, before to eating, the seed coats of some legume food items were removed, resulting in the food losing its nutritious content. The study deals with the study of pharmacognostic & physico-chemical profile along with in-vitro estimation of bioactive compounds of Phaseolus vulgaris (Linn) seed coat. Methodology: The morphology of kidney beans was evaluated. Seed length, width, thickness, and surface area were also determined. In physico-chemical parameters extractive value ash value, moisture content, swelling index were recorded. Phytochemical screening displayed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, amino acid, tannins, carbohydrates and saponins. HPTLC & in-vitro estimations were done. Results: Morphology revealed dark brownish red seed, kidney to oval shaped, medium size and bland taste. Microscopically, the transverse section showed the prese...
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 2018
Introduction: Epilepsy is a complex neurological disorder characterized by hypersecretion of exci... more Introduction: Epilepsy is a complex neurological disorder characterized by hypersecretion of excitatory neurotransmitters in the brain. Level of antioxidant enzymes in the brain changes during seizure. There are many herbal supplements that posses antioxidant potential and might help in prevention and recovery of seizures when used as an adjunct with modern antiepileptic drugs. Objective: The present work was undertaken to evaluate the Ameliorative effect of Sodium valproate in combination with Juglans regia extract against Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced convulsions in mice. Materials and Methods: Juglans regia ethanolic extract (JREE) were administered at doses of (200mg/kg and 400 mg/kg p.o) and Sodium Valproate (500mg/kg p.o.) one hour before the administration of PTZ (80mg/kg i.p.). Result and Discussion: Administration of JREE in the low and high dose prolongs the onset of myoclonic jerks dose-dependently and also showed protection against PTZ-induced convulsions. PTZ induced...
Epilepsy is a group of chronic neurological disorder of the brain that affects around 1-2% of the... more Epilepsy is a group of chronic neurological disorder of the brain that affects around 1-2% of the population across the world. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), epilepsy is characterized by periodically spontaneous seizures, which are usually due to excessive electrical discharges in a group of brain cells. The earlier day electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are useful tool for detection of epileptic seizures.Epileptogenesis is a slow process. After several months of initial insult, spontaneous recurrent seizures begin to appear. Epilepsy is considered to be resolved for individuals who are seizure-free for the last 10 years, with no seizure medicines for the last 5 years. Currently, used drugs available for treating epilepsy have draw backs like Epileptogenesis and other dose-related side effects. In spite of daily treatment, nearly 30% of patients continue to have convulsions and fail to provide a complete cure. Hence, there is a need for another alternative option ...
Targeting Cellular Signalling Pathways in Lung Diseases
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents a significant threat to global well-being and safe... more Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents a significant threat to global well-being and safety. Controlling it and reducing the rate of death as soon as possible is a pressing job for the healthcare sector. The possible therapeutic agents used in COVID-19 are from the past encounters in combating SARS, MERS, and other viruses. Assuming that broad-spectrum antiviral drugs have long been accepted on the market to treat various infectious diseases, their metabolic features, dosage, possible efficacy, and side effects are yet to be studied for the current scenario. Repurposing of clinically approved drugs may be a salient shortterm approach for the treatment of novel coronavirus. But the downside is that these therapies are too "broad spectrum" to target COVID-19 directly. Therefore,
Common nail diseases are onychomycosis and psoriasis. The absorption of drugs into the nail unit,... more Common nail diseases are onychomycosis and psoriasis. The absorption of drugs into the nail unit, following topical application to the nail plate, is highly desirable to treat nail disorders, such as onychomycosis (fungal infections of the nail). Nail permeability is however quite low and limits topical therapy to early/mild disease states. In this paper, the recent research into tansungual drug delivery is reviewed. The factors, which affect drug uptake and permeation through the nail plate such as solute molecular size, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, charge, and the nature of the vehicle, are then discussed, followed by ways of enhancing drug transport into and through the nail plate. The major task in treating the nail disorders such as nail psoriasis and Onychomycosis is to deliver and maintain consistent therapeutically effective concentration of drugs in the deeper nail stratums during the course of treatment. This requires large doses and frequent administration of drugs. Sys...
The Pharma Research, 2015
The nasal route is especially advantageous as an alternative route of drug administration for the... more The nasal route is especially advantageous as an alternative route of drug administration for the delivery of drugs that undergo extensive first-pass metabolism or are sensitive to gastrointestinal degradation. The nasal delivery seems to be a favourable way to circumvent the obstacles for blood brain barrier (BBB) allowing the direct drug delivery in the biophase of central nervous system (CNS)-active compounds . It is the only site in the human body where the nervous system is in direct contact with the mucus linings and surrounding blood capillaries. The nasal route, therefore, offers a potential route for drugs targeting the brain providing more opportunities to enter the CNS to treat CNS disorders. This review highlights vast applications for nose to brain drug delivery
The Indian pharmacist, 2010
Education in Pharmacy is presently witnessing a period of rapid progress and professional advance... more Education in Pharmacy is presently witnessing a period of rapid progress and professional advancement. The statement is quite justified if we take it in a global context. But when it comes to the Indian scenario, the issue needs deep thinking as the existing pattern of pharmacy education in the country can not be categorized as professional in true sense due to one factor or the other. Though the exceptions exist, yet, the picture is quite gloomy. One of the significant but unfortunate continuously ignored facts is that both students as well as the faculty members are suffering from lack of professionalism, the extent of which varies. It is necessary to focus on existing lacunas in pharmacy education being provided in India. It appears that more attention is towards successful completion of the course without making the students familiarized with the importance of professional ingredients in a pharmacy course. A blend of traditional and newer innovative strategies must be exercised ...
2 Abstract: Objective: Bauhinia variegata (Caesalpiniaceae) also known as Mountain Ebony (English... more 2 Abstract: Objective: Bauhinia variegata (Caesalpiniaceae) also known as Mountain Ebony (English), Rakta kanchan (Marathi), Kachnar (Hindi). It is a medium-sized, deciduous tree, found throughout India, 1800m in Himalayas. Bauhinia variegata Linn. is traditionally used in bronchitis, leprosy and tumors. The stem bark is used as astringent, tonic and anthelmintic. Methods: This study was done to investigate the possible antidepressant effect of Bauhinia variegata plant extract (BVMEL) using Tail suspension test (TST), Forced swim test (FST) 24 Wistar Albino rats of either sex weighing between 150-200gm were randomly selected and divided into 4 equal groups. Group-I (control) received 1% gum acacia, Groups- II, III received BVMEL in doses of 100, 200 mg/kg orally (p.o.) respectively. Group IV (positive control) received Imipramine at doses of 15mg/kg p.o. Drug treatment was given for seven & fourteen successive days. After 60 minutes of the last dose of drug or standard the immobilit...
Bauhinia variegata has been used traditionally to treat bronchitis, leprosy and tumors. The prese... more Bauhinia variegata has been used traditionally to treat bronchitis, leprosy and tumors. The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-anxiety activity of the leaves and seeds of Bauhinia variegata using light-dark test in Swiss albino mice. Albino mice were treated orally with different doses of the extracts (i.e.100, 200 mg/kg) and behavior was observed on the light-dark test apparatus. Buspirone (6mg/kg, p.o) was used as a positive control. Results showed that methanol extract at the dose of 100mg/kg of the methanolic leaf extract of Bauhinia variegata and ethanolic seed extract of B. variegata seeds (200 mg/kg) markedly increased the time spent in the light area. This effect was comparable to the effect produced by Buspirone. Hence this plant may be used as a potentially useful anti -anxiety agent.
Ficus retusa. Linn (FamilyMoraceae) is found commonly in India. Ficus species are rich source of ... more Ficus retusa. Linn (FamilyMoraceae) is found commonly in India. Ficus species are rich source of polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids which are responsible for strong antioxidant properties that help in prevention & therapy of various oxidative stress related diseases. In present investigation, the detailed comparative pharmacognostic study of Ficus retusa (leaf, root and bark) was carried out to lay down the standards which could be useful in future experimental studies. However, no conclusive pharmacognostic study of its leaves, bark and roots has been performed yet. The study includes macroscopy, microscopy, preliminary phytochemical screening, physicochemical evaluation, fluorescence analysis and chromatographic evaluation. Highest extractive values were found with water and ethanol. The fluorescence analysis under visible light and under UV light by treatment with different chemical reagents showed different colour changes. The presences of alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, saponi...
Nowadays, carcinoma is the principal cause of death, and the reported cases are continuously incr... more Nowadays, carcinoma is the principal cause of death, and the reported cases are continuously increasing worldwide. However, the traditional medicines and current anticancer drugs lead to severe side effects. Different phytoconstituents extracted from medicinal plants have significant biological activities and a wide range of therapeutic effectiveness under several chronic disease conditions. The biggest benefit of using phytoconstituents is the lack of side effects. Various bioactive ingredients isolated from Indian and Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) show beneficial effects against tumor growth and metastasis. In addition, numerous phytochemicals have shown promising preclinical results but failed in clinical trials due to their poor bioavailability, safety issues, and lack of pharmacodynamic reproducibility. In this chapter, we have demonstrated the advantages of using these phytoconstituents in treating different types of cancer. Besides, we have outlined some of the drug deliver...
Adhatoda vasica Nees (Family Acanthaceae), commonly known as Vasaka or Arusha is found commonly i... more Adhatoda vasica Nees (Family Acanthaceae), commonly known as Vasaka or Arusha is found commonly in India. These species are rich source of polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids which are responsible for strong anti-oxidant properties that help in prevention & therapy of various oxidative stress related diseases. In present investigation, pharmacognostic study of Adhatoda vasica (leaves) was carried out to lay down the standards which could be useful in future experimental studies. However, no conclusive pharmacognostic study of its leaves has been performed yet. The study includes macroscopy, microscopy, preliminary phytochemical screening, physicochemical evaluation and fluorescence analysis. Highest extractive values were found with water and ethanol. The fluorescence analysis under visible light and under UV light by treatment with different chemical reagents showed different color changes. The presences of alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, saponins were confirmed during preliminary ...
The aim of performing this work is to study and ev aluate Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity of Prazos... more The aim of performing this work is to study and ev aluate Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity of Prazosin HC L in mice. The animals were treated with Prazosin (PZ) at the doses of 5, 15, 25 mg/kg/body weight intraperitonea l (IP) for single dose (14 days) toxicity studies. Different m e hods were used to perform the study like Measurem ent of body weight, organ weight and food intake, Estimation of Malondialdehyde (MDA) level, Estimation of Reduced Glutathione (GSH) level, For evaluation of Genotoxi city following parameters has been evaluated: Micro nucleus assay in bone marrow, Micronucleus assay in periphe al blood, Determination of DNA damage: Metaphase chromosome analysis, Determination of DNA damage: D NA fragmentation assay, Determination of Cytotoxici ty: Histological examination.The results obtained clear y demonstrate that PZ produced toxic responses at the higher dose in the hepatocytes as evident from increased M DA level, decreased GSH level, DNA damage, increase d DNA fragme...
Medicinal Plants for Lung Diseases
Owing to the rapidly accelerated growth of resistance to the medications currently in use, respir... more Owing to the rapidly accelerated growth of resistance to the medications currently in use, respiratory tract infections are health concern worldwide. Inflammation of the membrane of bronchioles, which bring oxygen into and out of lungs, is termed as bronchitis. Bronchitis individuals also cough up thickened, sometimes discolored mucus. Bronchitis could be either chronic or acute. Traditionally, many plants are employed for the management of respiratory diseases. Mostly used species in bronchitis were Lamiaceae (23%), Fabaceae and Asteraceae (15%), followed by Solanaceae (11%) and others. The bulk of acute and chronic bronchitis herbal composition was obtained from leaves (39%), followed by bark/stem (10%), whole plant (9%), fruits, nuts, and berries (9%), and roots and rhizomes (9%), while seeds and flowers (9% and 7%) were used less frequently.
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research
Today most common psychiatric problem across the world is depression and stress is main source of... more Today most common psychiatric problem across the world is depression and stress is main source of ailment. According to World health organization, it will be the main cause of morbidity by 2020 in the world. Depression can critically affects the quality of life as it is characterized by many symptoms like unhappy feeling, lack of interest and pleasure, down energy, inadequacy, regret feeling, slow-down of thoughts or reduction in physical movement, speech can affects, altered appetite or sleep, sad, and increase the risk of suicide. Human body is inadequate to produce tryptophan which is a crucial amino acid; therefore it must be required from diet. After absorption, L-tryptophan crosses the BBB (Blood brain barrier) by non-specific L-type amino acid transporter and act as precursor to various metabolic pathways in central nervous system (CNS). Kynurenine is an important pathway that is associated with tryptophan (TRP) metabolism, where it develops a lot of metabolites such as 3-h...
Journal of Ethnopharmacology
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research
Introduction: Management of HIV/AIDS is gradually expanding to include the chronic and metabolic ... more Introduction: Management of HIV/AIDS is gradually expanding to include the chronic and metabolic complications and the adverse effects associated with its treatments like Type II diabetes mellitus. Repaglinide is a novel oral hypoglycemic agent chemically unrelated to sulphonylureas, metformin or acarbose used for the treatment of type II diabetes. Nevirapine is widely used non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors for the treatment of HIV infection. Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the effect of oral administration of nevirapine on blood glucose and investigate their effect on the activity of repaglinide and to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the combination. Materials and Methods: Studies in normal, diabetic rats and normal rabbits were conducted with oral doses of repaglinide, nevirapine and their combination. All the animals were fasted for 18 h prior to experimentation; during this period the animals were fed with water ad libitum. The blood ...
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Papers by Dr Lubhan singh