World governments have committed to halting human-induced extinctions and safeguarding important ... more World governments have committed to halting human-induced extinctions and safeguarding important sites for biodiversity by 2020, but the financial costs of meeting these targets are largely unknown. We estimate the cost of reducing the extinction risk of all globally threatened bird species (by ≥1 International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List category) to be U.S. $0.875 to $1.23 billion annually over the next decade, of which 12% is currently funded. Incorporating threatened nonavian species increases this total to U.S. $3.41 to $4.76 billion annually. We estimate that protecting and effectively managing all terrestrial sites of global avian conservation significance (11,731 Important Bird Areas) would cost U.S. $65.1 billion annually. Adding sites for other taxa increases this to U.S. $76.1 billion annually. Meeting these targets will require conservation funding to increase by at least an order of magnitude.
International Journal of Environmental Studies, 2014
1. The 2011 UK National Ecosystem Assessment (UK NEA) concluded that the natural world and its ec... more 1. The 2011 UK National Ecosystem Assessment (UK NEA) concluded that the natural world and its ecosystems are important to our well-being and economic prosperity. Yet they are consistently undervalued in conventional economic analyses and decision-making. The UK National Ecosystem Assessment Follow-on (UK NEAFO) provides new information and tools to help decision-makers across all sectors understand the wider value of our ecosystems and the services they offer us.
World governments have committed to halting human-induced extinctions and safeguarding important ... more World governments have committed to halting human-induced extinctions and safeguarding important sites for biodiversity by 2020, but the financial costs of meeting these targets are largely unknown. We estimate the cost of reducing the extinction risk of all globally threatened bird species (by ≥1 International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List category) to be U.S. $0.875 to $1.23 billion annually over the next decade, of which 12% is currently funded. Incorporating threatened nonavian species increases this total to U.S. $3.41 to $4.76 billion annually. We estimate that protecting and effectively managing all terrestrial sites of global avian conservation significance (11,731 Important Bird Areas) would cost U.S. $65.1 billion annually. Adding sites for other taxa increases this to U.S. $76.1 billion annually. Meeting these targets will require conservation funding to increase by at least an order of magnitude.
International Journal of Environmental Studies, 2014
1. The 2011 UK National Ecosystem Assessment (UK NEA) concluded that the natural world and its ec... more 1. The 2011 UK National Ecosystem Assessment (UK NEA) concluded that the natural world and its ecosystems are important to our well-being and economic prosperity. Yet they are consistently undervalued in conventional economic analyses and decision-making. The UK National Ecosystem Assessment Follow-on (UK NEAFO) provides new information and tools to help decision-makers across all sectors understand the wider value of our ecosystems and the services they offer us.
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Papers by Donal McCarthy