Leptonycteris yerbabuenae (Fig. ) is 1 of 4 North American bats with a nose leaf. L. yerbabuenae ... more Leptonycteris yerbabuenae (Fig. ) is 1 of 4 North American bats with a nose leaf. L. yerbabuenae can be distinguished from Choeronycteris mexicana and Macrotus californicus by the absence of a conspicuous tail and presence of brownish pelage in L. yerbabuenae (Arita 1999). Pelage of L. yerbabuenae is shorter and denser in comparison to the longer and fluffier pelage of L. nivalis . L. nivalis is larger with grayish pelage, narrower uropatagium, and longer wings. L. yerbabuenae is smaller (15-25 g versus 18-30 g), has shorter wings (length of forearm 51-54 mm versus 56.5-59.5 mm), and a shorter 3rd finger (92-102 mm versus 106-115 mm) than L. nivalis (Arita 1999). Length of head and body of L. yerbabuenae averages as much as 10% shorter than that of L. nivalis at comparable latitudes (Hoffmeister 1957). Skull of L. yerbabuenae (Fig. ) is smaller than that of L. nivalis . It is shorter (mean Ͻ 27 mm), the condylobasal length is usually Յ26.3 mm, and the presphenoid ridge is more prominent and more rounded than in L. nivalis . Skull of L. curasoae is generally larger than that of L. yerbabuenae. Upper incisors of L. curasoae are evenly spaced and larger than those of L. yerbabuenae. Upper incisors of L. yerbabuenae occur in 2 pairs separated by a median gap (Davis and Carter 1962). Leptonycteris yerbabuenae is a leaf-nosed bat with an elongated snout. Skull has an elongate rostrum bearing a small, triangular nose leaf (Arita 1999). Skull has complete zygomata and molars are elongate with the W-shaped pattern nearly lost . L. yerbabuenae has 3 caudal vertebrae but no externally visible tail . Means and ranges (in mm) of external characters for 10 males and 10 females (in parentheses) from southern Arizona and Mexico are:
In recent years, the extinction and hypothetical survival of the Tasmanian tiger or thylacine (Th... more In recent years, the extinction and hypothetical survival of the Tasmanian tiger or thylacine (Thylacinus cynocephalus) has attracted considerable attention. If anything, interest will only increase with the progress of the Australian Museum's project to clone a thylacine. Surprisingly few books about thylacines are available. The 1st major effort was Eric Guiler's (1985) Thylacine: The Tragedy of the Tasmanian Tiger. Another book, Colonel Bailey's (2001) Tiger Tales: Stories of the Tasmanian Tiger was, in contrast, a collection of firsthand thylacine anecdotes. The Last Tasmanian Tiger is based on Robert Paddle's (1997) Ph.D. dissertation (University of Melbourne). His purpose is 2-fold: to inform, and to convince. Paddle presents a number of his own theories, arguments, and analyses of thylacine history and natural history. Consequently, his audience is both the general reader seeking information, and the specialist working in the field. Following the title page, table of contents, list of illustrations, and acknowledgements, there are notes on referencing, dates, and measures. The introduction serves as Chapter 1 of 10. Some chapters are subdivided within the text. Footnotes are collected at the end of each chapter. Citations are in text. The bibliography divides manuscripts and interviews (151 total) from publications (502 total). Among the publications, 156 publications are from the 19th century. Paddle explicitly argues the superiority of 19th century sources over 20th century sources, despite the prevailing notion that science improves over time. The book contains 23 black and white illustrations, 2 maps, and 1 table. Throughout the book, Paddle generalizes beyond Thylacinus by examining the history and philosophy of science. The introductory chapter on taxonomy of Thylacinus condemns the notion of marsupial inferiority and the consequences of such an assumption. Chapter 2 addresses prehistory, the Aboriginals, and the 'noble savage' fallacy. Chapter 3 examines thylacine natural history, particularly behavior. Paddle's focus is hunting behavior, which occupies Chapter 4 and Chapter 5. Chapters 5, 6, and 7 concern the politics of extermination and later of preservation. The last thylacine lives and dies in Chapter 8, but the myths surrounding the last thylacine are examined in Chapter 9. The latter also analyzes and criticizes various efforts to avoid responsibility for the thylacine's extinction. Chapter 10, the conclusion, argues the importance of science history and philosophy. Paddle calls for a better understanding of nonobjective science and a more radical political bent for conservation biology. He presents the thylacine as an example
This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original book chapter Don E.... more This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original book chapter Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier (2019): Furipteridae. In: Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions: 412-417
Distribution. Known only from a narrow strip Wofthe Andes in C & S Ecuador(including Puna I), Per... more Distribution. Known only from a narrow strip Wofthe Andes in C & S Ecuador(including Puna I), Peru, and N Chile.
Fig. 2.—Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral view of mandible of an adult ... more Fig. 2.—Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral view of mandible of an adult male Anoura caudifer (USNM [United States National Museum] 49931) from Zaragoza 25 km S, 22 km W, at La Tirana, Colombia. Photo by Lauren E. Helgen.
Fig. 14. Bivariate plot of the two canonical variates in a discriminant function analysis contras... more Fig. 14. Bivariate plot of the two canonical variates in a discriminant function analysis contrasting samples identified as Pteropus samoensis (Fiji and Samoa, triangles), Pteropus anetianus (Vanuatu, closed circles), and Pteropus coxi (Samoa, open circles). Parenthetical numbers on the axes indicate the proportion of variance for each variate (see table 5).
Fig. 11. Color variation in the extant Pteropus spp. of Samoa. A, P. tonganus (USNM 566603, adult... more Fig. 11. Color variation in the extant Pteropus spp. of Samoa. A, P. tonganus (USNM 566603, adult female, ''Samoa''), dorsal coloration pattern; B, P. samoensis (USNM 338624, adult male, Tutuila), dark phase (most common); C, P. samoensis (USNM 565827, adult female, Tutuila), white phase (very rare); D, P. samoensis (USNM 3947, unsexed young adult, ''Samoan Archipelago''), pale, straw-colored phase (less common in Samoa, more common in Fiji).
Geographic variation within Antrozous (Bauerus) dubiaquercus is reviewed based on examination of ... more Geographic variation within Antrozous (Bauerus) dubiaquercus is reviewed based on examination of pelage and multivariate analyses of external and cranial measurements of 29 specimens from the Islas Tres Marias, Nayarit, Mexico, and five specimens from the mainland of Middle America. As much variation exists among mainland specimens as is found between the nominal mainland subspecies (A. d. meyeri) and that from the Islas Tres Marias (A. d. dubiaquercus), and the species is regarded as monotypic. Systematic relationships between the subgenera Antrozous and Bauerus are discussed based on several suites of characters. Differentiation between these taxa equals that found among most genera of vespertilionid bats and Bauerus is accorded generic rank. The karyotype of B. dubiaquercus is reported for the first time.
Clark et al. (1971) provided a diagnostic key to the five living species of Cynomy s. DIAGNOSIS. ... more Clark et al. (1971) provided a diagnostic key to the five living species of Cynomy s. DIAGNOSIS. The Mexican prairie dog (Fig. 1) is one of the largest Cy nomys, only slightly smaller than C. ludovicianus. Tota l length of adults ran ges from 38 5 to 44 0 mm; females ar e slightly smaller than males. Th is spec ies has a relative ly long (80 to 115 mm), black-tipped tail, which places it togeth er with C. lud ovicianu s in the nominate subgenus, and which distinguishes both from species of Leucocrossur omys (c. paroiden s, C. g unnisoni, and C. leucurus). C. mexi canu s closely resem bles C. lud ovicianus but is slightly smaller, and the black color covers most of the distal half of the longer tail (Hollister, 19 16). Hall (198 1:412) noted that the Mexican prair ie dog skull differ s from that of C. ludovicianus by: ". .. auditory bullae more inflat ed; cheek-teeth triangular ; nasals broad and usually posteri orly trun cate. .. .
Leptonycteris yerbabuenae (Fig. ) is 1 of 4 North American bats with a nose leaf. L. yerbabuenae ... more Leptonycteris yerbabuenae (Fig. ) is 1 of 4 North American bats with a nose leaf. L. yerbabuenae can be distinguished from Choeronycteris mexicana and Macrotus californicus by the absence of a conspicuous tail and presence of brownish pelage in L. yerbabuenae (Arita 1999). Pelage of L. yerbabuenae is shorter and denser in comparison to the longer and fluffier pelage of L. nivalis . L. nivalis is larger with grayish pelage, narrower uropatagium, and longer wings. L. yerbabuenae is smaller (15-25 g versus 18-30 g), has shorter wings (length of forearm 51-54 mm versus 56.5-59.5 mm), and a shorter 3rd finger (92-102 mm versus 106-115 mm) than L. nivalis (Arita 1999). Length of head and body of L. yerbabuenae averages as much as 10% shorter than that of L. nivalis at comparable latitudes (Hoffmeister 1957). Skull of L. yerbabuenae (Fig. ) is smaller than that of L. nivalis . It is shorter (mean Ͻ 27 mm), the condylobasal length is usually Յ26.3 mm, and the presphenoid ridge is more prominent and more rounded than in L. nivalis . Skull of L. curasoae is generally larger than that of L. yerbabuenae. Upper incisors of L. curasoae are evenly spaced and larger than those of L. yerbabuenae. Upper incisors of L. yerbabuenae occur in 2 pairs separated by a median gap (Davis and Carter 1962). Leptonycteris yerbabuenae is a leaf-nosed bat with an elongated snout. Skull has an elongate rostrum bearing a small, triangular nose leaf (Arita 1999). Skull has complete zygomata and molars are elongate with the W-shaped pattern nearly lost . L. yerbabuenae has 3 caudal vertebrae but no externally visible tail . Means and ranges (in mm) of external characters for 10 males and 10 females (in parentheses) from southern Arizona and Mexico are:
In recent years, the extinction and hypothetical survival of the Tasmanian tiger or thylacine (Th... more In recent years, the extinction and hypothetical survival of the Tasmanian tiger or thylacine (Thylacinus cynocephalus) has attracted considerable attention. If anything, interest will only increase with the progress of the Australian Museum's project to clone a thylacine. Surprisingly few books about thylacines are available. The 1st major effort was Eric Guiler's (1985) Thylacine: The Tragedy of the Tasmanian Tiger. Another book, Colonel Bailey's (2001) Tiger Tales: Stories of the Tasmanian Tiger was, in contrast, a collection of firsthand thylacine anecdotes. The Last Tasmanian Tiger is based on Robert Paddle's (1997) Ph.D. dissertation (University of Melbourne). His purpose is 2-fold: to inform, and to convince. Paddle presents a number of his own theories, arguments, and analyses of thylacine history and natural history. Consequently, his audience is both the general reader seeking information, and the specialist working in the field. Following the title page, table of contents, list of illustrations, and acknowledgements, there are notes on referencing, dates, and measures. The introduction serves as Chapter 1 of 10. Some chapters are subdivided within the text. Footnotes are collected at the end of each chapter. Citations are in text. The bibliography divides manuscripts and interviews (151 total) from publications (502 total). Among the publications, 156 publications are from the 19th century. Paddle explicitly argues the superiority of 19th century sources over 20th century sources, despite the prevailing notion that science improves over time. The book contains 23 black and white illustrations, 2 maps, and 1 table. Throughout the book, Paddle generalizes beyond Thylacinus by examining the history and philosophy of science. The introductory chapter on taxonomy of Thylacinus condemns the notion of marsupial inferiority and the consequences of such an assumption. Chapter 2 addresses prehistory, the Aboriginals, and the 'noble savage' fallacy. Chapter 3 examines thylacine natural history, particularly behavior. Paddle's focus is hunting behavior, which occupies Chapter 4 and Chapter 5. Chapters 5, 6, and 7 concern the politics of extermination and later of preservation. The last thylacine lives and dies in Chapter 8, but the myths surrounding the last thylacine are examined in Chapter 9. The latter also analyzes and criticizes various efforts to avoid responsibility for the thylacine's extinction. Chapter 10, the conclusion, argues the importance of science history and philosophy. Paddle calls for a better understanding of nonobjective science and a more radical political bent for conservation biology. He presents the thylacine as an example
This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original book chapter Don E.... more This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original book chapter Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier (2019): Furipteridae. In: Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions: 412-417
Distribution. Known only from a narrow strip Wofthe Andes in C & S Ecuador(including Puna I), Per... more Distribution. Known only from a narrow strip Wofthe Andes in C & S Ecuador(including Puna I), Peru, and N Chile.
Fig. 2.—Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral view of mandible of an adult ... more Fig. 2.—Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral view of mandible of an adult male Anoura caudifer (USNM [United States National Museum] 49931) from Zaragoza 25 km S, 22 km W, at La Tirana, Colombia. Photo by Lauren E. Helgen.
Fig. 14. Bivariate plot of the two canonical variates in a discriminant function analysis contras... more Fig. 14. Bivariate plot of the two canonical variates in a discriminant function analysis contrasting samples identified as Pteropus samoensis (Fiji and Samoa, triangles), Pteropus anetianus (Vanuatu, closed circles), and Pteropus coxi (Samoa, open circles). Parenthetical numbers on the axes indicate the proportion of variance for each variate (see table 5).
Fig. 11. Color variation in the extant Pteropus spp. of Samoa. A, P. tonganus (USNM 566603, adult... more Fig. 11. Color variation in the extant Pteropus spp. of Samoa. A, P. tonganus (USNM 566603, adult female, ''Samoa''), dorsal coloration pattern; B, P. samoensis (USNM 338624, adult male, Tutuila), dark phase (most common); C, P. samoensis (USNM 565827, adult female, Tutuila), white phase (very rare); D, P. samoensis (USNM 3947, unsexed young adult, ''Samoan Archipelago''), pale, straw-colored phase (less common in Samoa, more common in Fiji).
Geographic variation within Antrozous (Bauerus) dubiaquercus is reviewed based on examination of ... more Geographic variation within Antrozous (Bauerus) dubiaquercus is reviewed based on examination of pelage and multivariate analyses of external and cranial measurements of 29 specimens from the Islas Tres Marias, Nayarit, Mexico, and five specimens from the mainland of Middle America. As much variation exists among mainland specimens as is found between the nominal mainland subspecies (A. d. meyeri) and that from the Islas Tres Marias (A. d. dubiaquercus), and the species is regarded as monotypic. Systematic relationships between the subgenera Antrozous and Bauerus are discussed based on several suites of characters. Differentiation between these taxa equals that found among most genera of vespertilionid bats and Bauerus is accorded generic rank. The karyotype of B. dubiaquercus is reported for the first time.
Clark et al. (1971) provided a diagnostic key to the five living species of Cynomy s. DIAGNOSIS. ... more Clark et al. (1971) provided a diagnostic key to the five living species of Cynomy s. DIAGNOSIS. The Mexican prairie dog (Fig. 1) is one of the largest Cy nomys, only slightly smaller than C. ludovicianus. Tota l length of adults ran ges from 38 5 to 44 0 mm; females ar e slightly smaller than males. Th is spec ies has a relative ly long (80 to 115 mm), black-tipped tail, which places it togeth er with C. lud ovicianu s in the nominate subgenus, and which distinguishes both from species of Leucocrossur omys (c. paroiden s, C. g unnisoni, and C. leucurus). C. mexi canu s closely resem bles C. lud ovicianus but is slightly smaller, and the black color covers most of the distal half of the longer tail (Hollister, 19 16). Hall (198 1:412) noted that the Mexican prair ie dog skull differ s from that of C. ludovicianus by: ". .. auditory bullae more inflat ed; cheek-teeth triangular ; nasals broad and usually posteri orly trun cate. .. .
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