The inheritanee of fasciation was studied in the parents, F1, F2 and F3. generations of mungbean.... more The inheritanee of fasciation was studied in the parents, F1, F2 and F3. generations of mungbean. The fascination or branches is under the control of a single recessive gene with pleiotropic effect leading to the increase in the number or floral organs. The gene gene symbols fs1 is proposed for fasciation.
Cymbopogon jwarancusa (Poaceae) is an important medicinal herb found as a weed throughout India. ... more Cymbopogon jwarancusa (Poaceae) is an important medicinal herb found as a weed throughout India. Though almost all of its parts are used in traditional systems of medicines, roots and shoots are the most important parts which are used medicinally. The present article gives an account of updated information on its phytochemical and pharmacological properties. The review reveals that wide numbers of phytochemical constituents have been isolated from the plant which is used for treatment for various diseases for example Blood, Skin, Vomiting, Abdominal Tumors, unconsciousness and Fever. The efficacy of ethanol extracts of C. jwarancusa for all the pathogens tested, as well as its higher antioxidant property portends the polarity based potential in biochemical which are present in the leaves. For the last few decades or so, extensive research work has been done to prove its biological activities and pharmacology of its extracts.
Background Postoperative ileus (POI) can worsen outcomes, increase cost, and prolong hospitalizat... more Background Postoperative ileus (POI) can worsen outcomes, increase cost, and prolong hospitalization. An objective marker could help identify POI patients who should not be prematurely fed. We developed a disposable, non-invasive acoustic gastrointestinal surveillance (AGIS) biosensor. We tested whether AGIS can distinguish healthy controls from patients recovering from abdominal surgery. Study Design AGIS is a disposable plastic device embedded with a microphone that adheres to the abdominal wall and connects to a computer that measures acoustic event rates. We compared intestinal rates of healthy subjects using AGIS for 60 min after a standardized meal to recordings of two postoperative groups: (1) patients tolerating standardized feeding and (2) POI patients. We compared intestinal rates among groups using ANOVA and t tests. Results There were 8 healthy controls, 7 patients tolerating feeding, and 25 with POI; mean intestinal rates were 0.14, 0.03, and 0.016 events per second, respectively (ANOVA p<0.001). AGIS separated patients from controls with 100 % sensitivity and 97 % specificity. Among patients, rates were higher in fed versus POI subjects (p=0.017). Conclusion Non-invasive, abdominal acoustic monitoring distinguishes POI from non-POI subjects. Future research will test whether AGIS can identify patients at risk for development of POI and assist with postoperative feeding decisions. This study was presented as an abstract at the 2014 Digestive Disease Week (DDW) in Chicago, Illinois.
The emerging mobile fluoroscopic 3D technology linked with a navigation system combines the advan... more The emerging mobile fluoroscopic 3D technology linked with a navigation system combines the advantages of CT-based and C-arm-based navigation. The intra-operative, automatic segmentation of 3D fluoroscopy datasets enables the combined visualization of surgical instruments and anatomical structures for enhanced planning, surgical eye-navigation and landmark digitization. We performed a thorough evaluation of several segmentation algorithms using a large set of data from different anatomical regions and man-made phantom objects. The analyzed segmentation methods include automatic thresholding, morphological operations, an adapted region growing method and an implicit 3D geodesic snake method. In regard to computational efficiency, all methods performed within acceptable limits on a standard Desktop PC (30sec-5min). In general, the best results were obtained with datasets from long bones, followed by extremities. The segmentations of spine, pelvis and shoulder datasets were generally of poorer quality. As expected, the threshold-based methods produced the worst results. The combined thresholding and morphological operations methods were considered appropriate for a smaller set of clean images. The region growing method performed generally much better in regard to computational efficiency and segmentation correctness, especially for datasets of joints, and lumbar and cervical spine regions. The less efficient implicit snake method was able to additionally remove wrongly segmented skin tissue regions. This study presents a step towards efficient intra-operative segmentation of 3D fluoroscopy datasets, but there is room for improvement. Next, we plan to study model-based approaches for datasets from the knee and hip joint region, which would be thenceforth applied to all anatomical regions in our continuing development of an ideal segmentation procedure for 3D fluoroscopic images.
Background: There is an increase in the incidence of traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) due to incr... more Background: There is an increase in the incidence of traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) due to increasing urbanization and rapid spurt in the number of motor vehicles on the road. Despite early presentation and ease of diagnosis the visual outcomes in TON are still limited. There is also significant confusion about the timing, dose and efficacy of steroid treatment in its management. Purpose: To provide a clinical update of the pros and cons of steroid therapy for TON. Design: The paper is a retrospective review of the currently available literature in the English language indexed in PubMed. Methods: A PubMed search was conducted by the authors using the following terms: Traumatic optic neuropathy, megadose, steroids, methylprednisolone. Relevant original articles, review articles, and case reports related to the topic of discussion were evaluated and discussed in the paper. Results: There is no prospective randomized control trial evaluating the effect of steroids in TON. There are varying reports on the effect of steroid therapy from significant improvement to no difference compared to observation. Conclusion: The decision to give steroids to patients with TON has to be on an individual case to case basis and must involve informed consent from the patient. There are documented advantages and disadvantages of steroid therapy and a prospective, randomized, controlled trial is necessary comparing steroids, surgery and observation before definitive management can be evolved.
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 2012
Successful treatment of bilateral vocal fold lesions depends on the accuracy of the diagnosis. Th... more Successful treatment of bilateral vocal fold lesions depends on the accuracy of the diagnosis. The application of stroboscopy to the study of vocal fold vibration has led to dramatic advances in the understanding of vocal fold physiology. Laryngeal stroboscopy is the state of the art diagnostic tool and this technique provides valuable information about the nature of the vibration and a visual image that can be used both for immediate analysis and as a permanent record for comparison of repeated examination at a later date. In this study we are presenting demographic analysis and videostroboscopic assessment in 112 cases of different vocal pathologies. Stroboscopic parameters like glottic closure, amplitude, vocal fold edge, symmetry, periodicity and mucosal wave pattern were studied and statistically significant relationship with different vocal pathologies were obtained.
The quality of life (QOL) and autonomy preferences of asthmatics in developing countries have bee... more The quality of life (QOL) and autonomy preferences of asthmatics in developing countries have been sparingly researched, with a resulting lack of management strategies. This study determined the asthma-specific QOL and autonomy preferences of a population of asthmatics in a developing country and their association with relevant sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. A cross-sectional study using the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire and the Asthma Autonomy Questionnaire was performed on a population of stable asthmatics recruited from a tertiary care centre in India. Severity of the disease was assessed by spirometry. The study population comprised 80 asthmatics. The mean (SD) overall QOL score was 5.04 (0.97). This was significantly associated with history of hospitalization during the previous year for an asthma attack (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01) and with FEV(1) (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05) on univariate analysis; on multivariate analysis, only history of hospitalization was significant. Autonomy preferences of the patients showed higher scores for information-seeking (mean (SD) = 78.95 (16.35) ) than decision-making (mean (SD) = 38.21 (14.6)). The information-seeking preferences had a negative correlation with age (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01) and a positive correlation with education status (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01) and decision-making correlated with education status (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05). A minority of patients (19%) indicated a preference for a greater say in decision-making than their physicians. There was a lower tendency for decision-making when given a &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;severe exacerbation&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; scenario than in &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;mild exacerbation&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001) or &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;stable disease&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). Hospitalization history and FEV(1) values are the parameters having the most significant impact on the QOL of asthmatics. There is a clear desire to obtain more information about the disease but most patients do not endorse the idea of making independent disease-related decisions.
Madagascar periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don, a medicinally important plant, produces a... more Madagascar periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don, a medicinally important plant, produces anticancer dimeric alkaloids, vinblastine and vincristine, in the leaves and accumulates antihypertensive alkaloids, ajmalicine and serpentine, in the roots. This plant grows wild in distant tropical and sub-tropical geographical locations with different agro-climates and shows wide variations in morphological and alkaloid yield-related traits. In order to understand the correlation between the expression of terpenoid indole alkaloid (TIA) pathway genes and accumulation of related alkaloids, six different genetic resources of C. roseus, including the medicinal cultivars Nirmal, Prabal, Dhawal, the mutants gsr-3 and gsr-6, and one horticultural variety, Pacifica blush, were studied. The expression profiles of one early and two late TIA biosynthetic pathway genes, namely, strictosidine synthase, desacetoxyvindoline 4-hydroxylase and deacetyl vindoline 4-O-acetyl transferase were analyzed in these plants. A positive correlation between transcript abundance and accumulation of related alkaloids was observed in the different genetic resources. The potential of these TIA biosynthetic pathway genes for use in screening of high-yielding C. roseus germplasm has been discussed.
Hairy root cultures of Catharanthus roseus var. Prabal were established by infecting the leaves w... more Hairy root cultures of Catharanthus roseus var. Prabal were established by infecting the leaves with Agrobacterium rhizogenes agropine-type A4 strain. Two hundred and fifty independent root clones were evaluated for growth, morphology, number of integration of Ri T-DNA genes and alkaloid contents. On the basis of growth pattern, type of branching and number of lateral roots we were able to separate the hairy root clones into four categories. However based on the integration of the Ri T(L)-DNA and T(R)-DNA genes, there were only three different categories of independent hairy root clones-C1 (rolA&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;B(+)/ags(+)), C2 (rolA&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;B(-)/ags(+)) and C3 (rolA&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;B(+)/ags(-)). Southern hybridization analysis revealed both single and multiple copies of T-DNA integration in the root clones. The accumulation of considerable amounts of the root-specific alkaloids ajmalicine and serpentine was observed in the presence of both the T(L)-DNA and T(R)-DNA genes (C1) and the T(L)-DNA gene (C3) alone. Two…
This study aims to describe a two-step surgical technique for placement of a posterior chamber in... more This study aims to describe a two-step surgical technique for placement of a posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) in cases with crystalline lens subluxation resulting from non-progressive zonular dialysis. The first stage entails a phacoemulsification with creation of a 4-mm posterior capsular opening using an automated vitrector. The second stage performed 6 weeks later includes an anterior vitrectomy and injection of a foldable three-piece IOL in the sulcus. The haptics of IOL are positioned in the sulcus while the optic is pushed behind the posterior capsular opening therefore &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;buttonholing&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot; the IOL. Seven eyes of seven patients with posttraumatic zonular dialysis were operated using this technique. Follow-up of all cases revealed a well-centered IOL with good postoperative visual acuity (20/20 to 20/80). Our two-stage surgical technique precludes the insertion of capsular tension ring in cases with non-progressive zonular dialysis. The technique is recommended in the presence of less than or equal to 6 clock hours of zonular dialysis with preexisting posterior capsular tear or herniation of vitreous in the anterior chamber.
Schizophillum commune is an environmental fungus rarely causing human infections of diverse natur... more Schizophillum commune is an environmental fungus rarely causing human infections of diverse nature. Sinusitis occurs in immunocompromised persons and seldom in healthy subjects. Though easily isolated, the lack of awareness of its virulence is a bottleneck in the diagnosis of this infection. We report the first case of S. commune sinusitis with nasal polyps in an immunocompetent male from the sub-Himalayan region. The computerized tomography scan findings established the clinical diagnosis, and causative agent was confirmed as S. commune. A white, woolly mold with septate, hyaline hyphae and characteristic spicules but unclamped connections suggested a monokaryotic isolate. Patient was treated successfully with fiberoptic endoscopic sinus surgery, and no antifungal therapy was instituted. There was no recurrence at review after 1 year.
A 35-year-old male presented to the Department of ENT with mass in right nasal cavity and nasal b... more A 35-year-old male presented to the Department of ENT with mass in right nasal cavity and nasal blockage of 1-year duration. No history of nasal bleeding and respiratory difficulty was found. History of pond bath was present. Patient was operated once for the nasal rhinosporidiosis 3 year back. On anterior rhinoscopic examination, pinkish mulberry like mass was present in the floor of right nasal cavity. Left nasal cavity was clear. On oral cavity examination mass was hanging in oropharynx which bleeds on touch. On nasal endoscopy examination, rhinosporodiosis mass was found attached to floor of right nasal cavity and choana hanging toward nasopharynx. After all routine examination and X-ray chest, patient was sent for the premedical and preanaesthetic checkup regarding the fitness for the surgery. During examination, it was found that patient has decreased air entry on left lung. X-ray chest showed hyperlucent lung on left side. Chest consultation was done and advised for the bronchoscopic evaluation and HRCT of thorax. HRCT thorax showed hyperlucent left lung field suggestive of air trapping with irregular soft tissue density mass (size 1.4 × 1.2 cm) seen in distal part of left main bronchus suggestive of papillomatous lesion. Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopic evaluation was done under local anesthesia. Pinkish mulberry like mass was
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2003
Objective: To describe the population-based incidence and clinical characteristics of granular ce... more Objective: To describe the population-based incidence and clinical characteristics of granular cell tumors of the tracheobronchial tree. Methods: All newly registered tracheobronchial granular cell tumors in the Dutch Network and National Database for Pathology for 10 consecutive years (1990-1999) were identified. The histologic diagnosis was confirmed and patient demographics, management, and follow-up data were analyzed. Results: Thirty-one tumors were registered in 30 patients (12 male patients and 18 female patients; mean age 51 years; range 11-84) in a population of approximately 15 million. Tracheal tumors were identified in 11 patients and bronchial tumors in 19 patients (1 patient had 2 tumors). About half of the patients were asymptomatic. In the majority of the patients (61%) the granular cell tumor was an incidental finding during workup for lung carcinoma. Tracheal granular cell tumors were more frequent in women, whereas bronchial granular cell tumors showed no sex predilection. In the lung these tumors occurred more often in the upper (10 tumors) than in the lower lobes (3 tumors). There was no preference for either side. Four patients with tracheal and 4 with bronchial granular cell tumors were treated with surgery and remain in complete remission. Four bronchial granular cell tumor patients were treated locally with neodymium/yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser or electrocautery and are in complete remission or have stable residual disease. In 3 patients no residual disease was found after biopsy. Of all granular cell tumor patients 17 received no treatment for a variety of reasons, but none of these patients died in the follow-up period because of the granular cell tumors. Conclusion: Tracheobronchial granular cell tumor is a benign tumor with a good prognosis. In symptomatic patients surgical intervention is the first choice of treatment, but local treatment is a reasonable option and gives successful results. G ranular cell tumors (GCTs) can occur in almost any organ. They are most frequent in the skin, tongue, and breast and have very rarely been reported in the digestive and respiratory tracts. They have also been reported to occur synchronously in multiple organs and metachronously in a single organ. The incidence of GCTs in the tracheobronchial tree is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of this rare tumor in The Netherlands, to assess its clinical presentation, and to evaluate the treatment results. Material and Methods A national survey was performed of all newly registered cases of GCTs in the Dutch Network and National Database for Pathology (PALGA) for 10 consecutive years (1990-1999). This database registers all pathologic diagnoses in The Netherlands, which includes a population of approximately 15 million people. Routine hematoxylin-eosin and available immunohisto-From the Departments of Pulmonology a and Pathology,
ABSTRACT. In a study of piscicidal activities of Nerium indicum (Apocynaceae) against fry and fin... more ABSTRACT. In a study of piscicidal activities of Nerium indicum (Apocynaceae) against fry and fingerling of Channa punctatus, the ac-tivity of the latex and stem-bark were observed to be both time and dose dependent. The toxicity of latex extract (LC50 = 8.73 mg/L at 24 h) was ...
Several field crop experiments were carried out on the annual determinate anti-malarial medicinal... more Several field crop experiments were carried out on the annual determinate anti-malarial medicinal plant Artemisia annua over three annual cropping periods in the subtropical agroclimate of Indo-Gangatic plains. The experiments examined the effects of variation in the time of planting and harvest and of number of harvests on the yield of artemisinin and plant growth and development characters related to it. The observations showed that the artemisinin yield was positively correlated with leaf yield and number of harvests. High yields of artemisinin were realized when crop produced artemisinin-rich leaves accompanied by least possible growth of stem tissue, attained by multiple harvesting in early planted full time grown crops. The crops grown for ≥30 weeks and harvested three and four times gave average yields of 44.1 ± 14.2 and 74.2 ± 15.6, respectively, much higher than the maximum yield of 25 kg ha −1 reported for A. annua in earlier studies. It was concluded that for obtaining artemisinin in high yields the A. annua crop should be ratooned/multi-harvested four times.
Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology, 2009
The aim of this study was to investigate the inducible clindamycin resistance in 306 strains of s... more The aim of this study was to investigate the inducible clindamycin resistance in 306 strains of staphylococci, isolated from various clinical samples over a period of two years. Inducible clindamycin resistance was investigated by D-test using clindamycin and erythromycin discs as per the CLSI guidelines. Out of 177 Staphylococcus aureus strains 53 (17.3%) were methicilline resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and 124 (40.5 %) were methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). Among the coagulase negative staphylococci, 121 (39.6%) were methicillin sensitive and 8 (2.6%) were methicillin resistant. Out of 306 clinical isolates 99 (36.4%) showed erythromycin resistance. Among the erythromycin resistant isolates 46 (46.5%) were CoNS of which 8 (15.1%) were MRCoNS and 38 (31.4%) MSCoNS. Out of thirty-one erythromycin resistant isolates 20 (6.5% of the total isolates) belonged to MLSBi phenotype, eleven isolates belonged to MLSBc phenotype. We conclude that it is necessary to perform D-test for detection of inducible clindamycin in staphylococci in routine antibiotic susceptibility testing.
The inheritanee of fasciation was studied in the parents, F1, F2 and F3. generations of mungbean.... more The inheritanee of fasciation was studied in the parents, F1, F2 and F3. generations of mungbean. The fascination or branches is under the control of a single recessive gene with pleiotropic effect leading to the increase in the number or floral organs. The gene gene symbols fs1 is proposed for fasciation.
Cymbopogon jwarancusa (Poaceae) is an important medicinal herb found as a weed throughout India. ... more Cymbopogon jwarancusa (Poaceae) is an important medicinal herb found as a weed throughout India. Though almost all of its parts are used in traditional systems of medicines, roots and shoots are the most important parts which are used medicinally. The present article gives an account of updated information on its phytochemical and pharmacological properties. The review reveals that wide numbers of phytochemical constituents have been isolated from the plant which is used for treatment for various diseases for example Blood, Skin, Vomiting, Abdominal Tumors, unconsciousness and Fever. The efficacy of ethanol extracts of C. jwarancusa for all the pathogens tested, as well as its higher antioxidant property portends the polarity based potential in biochemical which are present in the leaves. For the last few decades or so, extensive research work has been done to prove its biological activities and pharmacology of its extracts.
Background Postoperative ileus (POI) can worsen outcomes, increase cost, and prolong hospitalizat... more Background Postoperative ileus (POI) can worsen outcomes, increase cost, and prolong hospitalization. An objective marker could help identify POI patients who should not be prematurely fed. We developed a disposable, non-invasive acoustic gastrointestinal surveillance (AGIS) biosensor. We tested whether AGIS can distinguish healthy controls from patients recovering from abdominal surgery. Study Design AGIS is a disposable plastic device embedded with a microphone that adheres to the abdominal wall and connects to a computer that measures acoustic event rates. We compared intestinal rates of healthy subjects using AGIS for 60 min after a standardized meal to recordings of two postoperative groups: (1) patients tolerating standardized feeding and (2) POI patients. We compared intestinal rates among groups using ANOVA and t tests. Results There were 8 healthy controls, 7 patients tolerating feeding, and 25 with POI; mean intestinal rates were 0.14, 0.03, and 0.016 events per second, respectively (ANOVA p<0.001). AGIS separated patients from controls with 100 % sensitivity and 97 % specificity. Among patients, rates were higher in fed versus POI subjects (p=0.017). Conclusion Non-invasive, abdominal acoustic monitoring distinguishes POI from non-POI subjects. Future research will test whether AGIS can identify patients at risk for development of POI and assist with postoperative feeding decisions. This study was presented as an abstract at the 2014 Digestive Disease Week (DDW) in Chicago, Illinois.
The emerging mobile fluoroscopic 3D technology linked with a navigation system combines the advan... more The emerging mobile fluoroscopic 3D technology linked with a navigation system combines the advantages of CT-based and C-arm-based navigation. The intra-operative, automatic segmentation of 3D fluoroscopy datasets enables the combined visualization of surgical instruments and anatomical structures for enhanced planning, surgical eye-navigation and landmark digitization. We performed a thorough evaluation of several segmentation algorithms using a large set of data from different anatomical regions and man-made phantom objects. The analyzed segmentation methods include automatic thresholding, morphological operations, an adapted region growing method and an implicit 3D geodesic snake method. In regard to computational efficiency, all methods performed within acceptable limits on a standard Desktop PC (30sec-5min). In general, the best results were obtained with datasets from long bones, followed by extremities. The segmentations of spine, pelvis and shoulder datasets were generally of poorer quality. As expected, the threshold-based methods produced the worst results. The combined thresholding and morphological operations methods were considered appropriate for a smaller set of clean images. The region growing method performed generally much better in regard to computational efficiency and segmentation correctness, especially for datasets of joints, and lumbar and cervical spine regions. The less efficient implicit snake method was able to additionally remove wrongly segmented skin tissue regions. This study presents a step towards efficient intra-operative segmentation of 3D fluoroscopy datasets, but there is room for improvement. Next, we plan to study model-based approaches for datasets from the knee and hip joint region, which would be thenceforth applied to all anatomical regions in our continuing development of an ideal segmentation procedure for 3D fluoroscopic images.
Background: There is an increase in the incidence of traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) due to incr... more Background: There is an increase in the incidence of traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) due to increasing urbanization and rapid spurt in the number of motor vehicles on the road. Despite early presentation and ease of diagnosis the visual outcomes in TON are still limited. There is also significant confusion about the timing, dose and efficacy of steroid treatment in its management. Purpose: To provide a clinical update of the pros and cons of steroid therapy for TON. Design: The paper is a retrospective review of the currently available literature in the English language indexed in PubMed. Methods: A PubMed search was conducted by the authors using the following terms: Traumatic optic neuropathy, megadose, steroids, methylprednisolone. Relevant original articles, review articles, and case reports related to the topic of discussion were evaluated and discussed in the paper. Results: There is no prospective randomized control trial evaluating the effect of steroids in TON. There are varying reports on the effect of steroid therapy from significant improvement to no difference compared to observation. Conclusion: The decision to give steroids to patients with TON has to be on an individual case to case basis and must involve informed consent from the patient. There are documented advantages and disadvantages of steroid therapy and a prospective, randomized, controlled trial is necessary comparing steroids, surgery and observation before definitive management can be evolved.
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 2012
Successful treatment of bilateral vocal fold lesions depends on the accuracy of the diagnosis. Th... more Successful treatment of bilateral vocal fold lesions depends on the accuracy of the diagnosis. The application of stroboscopy to the study of vocal fold vibration has led to dramatic advances in the understanding of vocal fold physiology. Laryngeal stroboscopy is the state of the art diagnostic tool and this technique provides valuable information about the nature of the vibration and a visual image that can be used both for immediate analysis and as a permanent record for comparison of repeated examination at a later date. In this study we are presenting demographic analysis and videostroboscopic assessment in 112 cases of different vocal pathologies. Stroboscopic parameters like glottic closure, amplitude, vocal fold edge, symmetry, periodicity and mucosal wave pattern were studied and statistically significant relationship with different vocal pathologies were obtained.
The quality of life (QOL) and autonomy preferences of asthmatics in developing countries have bee... more The quality of life (QOL) and autonomy preferences of asthmatics in developing countries have been sparingly researched, with a resulting lack of management strategies. This study determined the asthma-specific QOL and autonomy preferences of a population of asthmatics in a developing country and their association with relevant sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. A cross-sectional study using the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire and the Asthma Autonomy Questionnaire was performed on a population of stable asthmatics recruited from a tertiary care centre in India. Severity of the disease was assessed by spirometry. The study population comprised 80 asthmatics. The mean (SD) overall QOL score was 5.04 (0.97). This was significantly associated with history of hospitalization during the previous year for an asthma attack (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01) and with FEV(1) (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05) on univariate analysis; on multivariate analysis, only history of hospitalization was significant. Autonomy preferences of the patients showed higher scores for information-seeking (mean (SD) = 78.95 (16.35) ) than decision-making (mean (SD) = 38.21 (14.6)). The information-seeking preferences had a negative correlation with age (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01) and a positive correlation with education status (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01) and decision-making correlated with education status (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05). A minority of patients (19%) indicated a preference for a greater say in decision-making than their physicians. There was a lower tendency for decision-making when given a &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;severe exacerbation&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; scenario than in &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;mild exacerbation&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001) or &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;stable disease&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). Hospitalization history and FEV(1) values are the parameters having the most significant impact on the QOL of asthmatics. There is a clear desire to obtain more information about the disease but most patients do not endorse the idea of making independent disease-related decisions.
Madagascar periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don, a medicinally important plant, produces a... more Madagascar periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don, a medicinally important plant, produces anticancer dimeric alkaloids, vinblastine and vincristine, in the leaves and accumulates antihypertensive alkaloids, ajmalicine and serpentine, in the roots. This plant grows wild in distant tropical and sub-tropical geographical locations with different agro-climates and shows wide variations in morphological and alkaloid yield-related traits. In order to understand the correlation between the expression of terpenoid indole alkaloid (TIA) pathway genes and accumulation of related alkaloids, six different genetic resources of C. roseus, including the medicinal cultivars Nirmal, Prabal, Dhawal, the mutants gsr-3 and gsr-6, and one horticultural variety, Pacifica blush, were studied. The expression profiles of one early and two late TIA biosynthetic pathway genes, namely, strictosidine synthase, desacetoxyvindoline 4-hydroxylase and deacetyl vindoline 4-O-acetyl transferase were analyzed in these plants. A positive correlation between transcript abundance and accumulation of related alkaloids was observed in the different genetic resources. The potential of these TIA biosynthetic pathway genes for use in screening of high-yielding C. roseus germplasm has been discussed.
Hairy root cultures of Catharanthus roseus var. Prabal were established by infecting the leaves w... more Hairy root cultures of Catharanthus roseus var. Prabal were established by infecting the leaves with Agrobacterium rhizogenes agropine-type A4 strain. Two hundred and fifty independent root clones were evaluated for growth, morphology, number of integration of Ri T-DNA genes and alkaloid contents. On the basis of growth pattern, type of branching and number of lateral roots we were able to separate the hairy root clones into four categories. However based on the integration of the Ri T(L)-DNA and T(R)-DNA genes, there were only three different categories of independent hairy root clones-C1 (rolA&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;B(+)/ags(+)), C2 (rolA&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;B(-)/ags(+)) and C3 (rolA&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;B(+)/ags(-)). Southern hybridization analysis revealed both single and multiple copies of T-DNA integration in the root clones. The accumulation of considerable amounts of the root-specific alkaloids ajmalicine and serpentine was observed in the presence of both the T(L)-DNA and T(R)-DNA genes (C1) and the T(L)-DNA gene (C3) alone. Two…
This study aims to describe a two-step surgical technique for placement of a posterior chamber in... more This study aims to describe a two-step surgical technique for placement of a posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) in cases with crystalline lens subluxation resulting from non-progressive zonular dialysis. The first stage entails a phacoemulsification with creation of a 4-mm posterior capsular opening using an automated vitrector. The second stage performed 6 weeks later includes an anterior vitrectomy and injection of a foldable three-piece IOL in the sulcus. The haptics of IOL are positioned in the sulcus while the optic is pushed behind the posterior capsular opening therefore &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;buttonholing&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot; the IOL. Seven eyes of seven patients with posttraumatic zonular dialysis were operated using this technique. Follow-up of all cases revealed a well-centered IOL with good postoperative visual acuity (20/20 to 20/80). Our two-stage surgical technique precludes the insertion of capsular tension ring in cases with non-progressive zonular dialysis. The technique is recommended in the presence of less than or equal to 6 clock hours of zonular dialysis with preexisting posterior capsular tear or herniation of vitreous in the anterior chamber.
Schizophillum commune is an environmental fungus rarely causing human infections of diverse natur... more Schizophillum commune is an environmental fungus rarely causing human infections of diverse nature. Sinusitis occurs in immunocompromised persons and seldom in healthy subjects. Though easily isolated, the lack of awareness of its virulence is a bottleneck in the diagnosis of this infection. We report the first case of S. commune sinusitis with nasal polyps in an immunocompetent male from the sub-Himalayan region. The computerized tomography scan findings established the clinical diagnosis, and causative agent was confirmed as S. commune. A white, woolly mold with septate, hyaline hyphae and characteristic spicules but unclamped connections suggested a monokaryotic isolate. Patient was treated successfully with fiberoptic endoscopic sinus surgery, and no antifungal therapy was instituted. There was no recurrence at review after 1 year.
A 35-year-old male presented to the Department of ENT with mass in right nasal cavity and nasal b... more A 35-year-old male presented to the Department of ENT with mass in right nasal cavity and nasal blockage of 1-year duration. No history of nasal bleeding and respiratory difficulty was found. History of pond bath was present. Patient was operated once for the nasal rhinosporidiosis 3 year back. On anterior rhinoscopic examination, pinkish mulberry like mass was present in the floor of right nasal cavity. Left nasal cavity was clear. On oral cavity examination mass was hanging in oropharynx which bleeds on touch. On nasal endoscopy examination, rhinosporodiosis mass was found attached to floor of right nasal cavity and choana hanging toward nasopharynx. After all routine examination and X-ray chest, patient was sent for the premedical and preanaesthetic checkup regarding the fitness for the surgery. During examination, it was found that patient has decreased air entry on left lung. X-ray chest showed hyperlucent lung on left side. Chest consultation was done and advised for the bronchoscopic evaluation and HRCT of thorax. HRCT thorax showed hyperlucent left lung field suggestive of air trapping with irregular soft tissue density mass (size 1.4 × 1.2 cm) seen in distal part of left main bronchus suggestive of papillomatous lesion. Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopic evaluation was done under local anesthesia. Pinkish mulberry like mass was
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2003
Objective: To describe the population-based incidence and clinical characteristics of granular ce... more Objective: To describe the population-based incidence and clinical characteristics of granular cell tumors of the tracheobronchial tree. Methods: All newly registered tracheobronchial granular cell tumors in the Dutch Network and National Database for Pathology for 10 consecutive years (1990-1999) were identified. The histologic diagnosis was confirmed and patient demographics, management, and follow-up data were analyzed. Results: Thirty-one tumors were registered in 30 patients (12 male patients and 18 female patients; mean age 51 years; range 11-84) in a population of approximately 15 million. Tracheal tumors were identified in 11 patients and bronchial tumors in 19 patients (1 patient had 2 tumors). About half of the patients were asymptomatic. In the majority of the patients (61%) the granular cell tumor was an incidental finding during workup for lung carcinoma. Tracheal granular cell tumors were more frequent in women, whereas bronchial granular cell tumors showed no sex predilection. In the lung these tumors occurred more often in the upper (10 tumors) than in the lower lobes (3 tumors). There was no preference for either side. Four patients with tracheal and 4 with bronchial granular cell tumors were treated with surgery and remain in complete remission. Four bronchial granular cell tumor patients were treated locally with neodymium/yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser or electrocautery and are in complete remission or have stable residual disease. In 3 patients no residual disease was found after biopsy. Of all granular cell tumor patients 17 received no treatment for a variety of reasons, but none of these patients died in the follow-up period because of the granular cell tumors. Conclusion: Tracheobronchial granular cell tumor is a benign tumor with a good prognosis. In symptomatic patients surgical intervention is the first choice of treatment, but local treatment is a reasonable option and gives successful results. G ranular cell tumors (GCTs) can occur in almost any organ. They are most frequent in the skin, tongue, and breast and have very rarely been reported in the digestive and respiratory tracts. They have also been reported to occur synchronously in multiple organs and metachronously in a single organ. The incidence of GCTs in the tracheobronchial tree is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of this rare tumor in The Netherlands, to assess its clinical presentation, and to evaluate the treatment results. Material and Methods A national survey was performed of all newly registered cases of GCTs in the Dutch Network and National Database for Pathology (PALGA) for 10 consecutive years (1990-1999). This database registers all pathologic diagnoses in The Netherlands, which includes a population of approximately 15 million people. Routine hematoxylin-eosin and available immunohisto-From the Departments of Pulmonology a and Pathology,
ABSTRACT. In a study of piscicidal activities of Nerium indicum (Apocynaceae) against fry and fin... more ABSTRACT. In a study of piscicidal activities of Nerium indicum (Apocynaceae) against fry and fingerling of Channa punctatus, the ac-tivity of the latex and stem-bark were observed to be both time and dose dependent. The toxicity of latex extract (LC50 = 8.73 mg/L at 24 h) was ...
Several field crop experiments were carried out on the annual determinate anti-malarial medicinal... more Several field crop experiments were carried out on the annual determinate anti-malarial medicinal plant Artemisia annua over three annual cropping periods in the subtropical agroclimate of Indo-Gangatic plains. The experiments examined the effects of variation in the time of planting and harvest and of number of harvests on the yield of artemisinin and plant growth and development characters related to it. The observations showed that the artemisinin yield was positively correlated with leaf yield and number of harvests. High yields of artemisinin were realized when crop produced artemisinin-rich leaves accompanied by least possible growth of stem tissue, attained by multiple harvesting in early planted full time grown crops. The crops grown for ≥30 weeks and harvested three and four times gave average yields of 44.1 ± 14.2 and 74.2 ± 15.6, respectively, much higher than the maximum yield of 25 kg ha −1 reported for A. annua in earlier studies. It was concluded that for obtaining artemisinin in high yields the A. annua crop should be ratooned/multi-harvested four times.
Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology, 2009
The aim of this study was to investigate the inducible clindamycin resistance in 306 strains of s... more The aim of this study was to investigate the inducible clindamycin resistance in 306 strains of staphylococci, isolated from various clinical samples over a period of two years. Inducible clindamycin resistance was investigated by D-test using clindamycin and erythromycin discs as per the CLSI guidelines. Out of 177 Staphylococcus aureus strains 53 (17.3%) were methicilline resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and 124 (40.5 %) were methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). Among the coagulase negative staphylococci, 121 (39.6%) were methicillin sensitive and 8 (2.6%) were methicillin resistant. Out of 306 clinical isolates 99 (36.4%) showed erythromycin resistance. Among the erythromycin resistant isolates 46 (46.5%) were CoNS of which 8 (15.1%) were MRCoNS and 38 (31.4%) MSCoNS. Out of thirty-one erythromycin resistant isolates 20 (6.5% of the total isolates) belonged to MLSBi phenotype, eleven isolates belonged to MLSBc phenotype. We conclude that it is necessary to perform D-test for detection of inducible clindamycin in staphylococci in routine antibiotic susceptibility testing.
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Papers by Digvijay Singh