Background and aimMalnutrition is a major public health problem, especially in developing countri... more Background and aimMalnutrition is a major public health problem, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to analyze the trend in malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in Iran over recent decades and to estimate malnutrition status for 2020.MethodsThis study took the form of a secondary analysis of the reports and data from three cross-sectional national surveys on children's nutritional status conducted between 1998 and 2017. Anthropometric indices, including markers of underweight, wasting, stunting, overweight, and obesity, were used as indicators of the nutritional status of children under 5 years. Malnutrition indicators are reported separately based on regional food security status. Linear mixed-effects modeling was used to predict the status of malnutrition indicators for 2020.ResultsThe results of this study indicated a downward trend in the prevalence of stunting, underweight, and wasting, from 15.4 to 4.8%, 10.9 to 4.3%, and 4.9 to 4.3%,...
Background The pandemic of the newly emerged coronavirus infection and its related disease, Covid... more Background The pandemic of the newly emerged coronavirus infection and its related disease, Covid-19, has influenced various aspects of human life including dietary habits. This study aimed to examine changes in dairy products consumption during Covid-19 lockdown period in a huge sample of Iranian households. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study using a web-based electronic self-administered questionnaire designed to detect any changes in the consumption frequency of dairy products in the Iranian households during Covid-19 lockdown. Results A total of 21,290 households were enrolled. During Covid-19 epidemic lockdown, about 29%, 26% and 7% of the households had decreased their consumption frequency of milk, yogurt and cheese, respectively. The female-headed households were 21% more likely to decrease their consumption of milk, compared with male-headed households (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.05–1.4). The households residing in food insecure provinces were 29%, 20% and 45%...
SummaryDietary diversity is associated with household or individual food availability and intake ... more SummaryDietary diversity is associated with household or individual food availability and intake of nutrients from different food groups and is an important component of nutritional outcome. This study examined the Nutrient Adequacy Ratio (NAR) and the Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) of three dietary diversity indices and their relationship with the nutritional status of adolescents and adults in rural regions of two states in India, Wardha district in Maharashtra and Koraput district in Odisha, in 2014. Individual dietary diversity was calculated using 24-hour diet recall (FS24hr) data and household dietary diversity was measured with food frequency data using Berry’s index (DDI) and food scores (FSFFQ). The nutritional status of individuals was assessed using anthropometric indices. The diets in both locations were cereal dominated. It was observed that 51% of adolescent boys and 27% of adolescent girls had ‘thinness’ and stunting. The prevalence of undernutrition was higher among adult...
Current household food waste (HFW) reduction plans usually focus on raising consumer awareness, w... more Current household food waste (HFW) reduction plans usually focus on raising consumer awareness, which is essential but insufficient because HFW is predominantly attributed to unconscious behavioral factors that vary across consumer groups. Therefore, identifying such factors is crucial for predicting HFW levels and establishing effective plans. This study explored the role of dietary patterns (DP) and socioeconomic status (SES) as predictors of HBW using linear and non-linear regression models. Questionnaire interviews were performed in 419 households in Shiraz during 2019. A multilayer sampling procedure including stratification, clustering, and systematic sampling was used. Three main DPs, i.e., unhealthy, Mediterranean, and traditional, were identified using a food frequency questionnaire. Results indicated that a one-unit rise in the household’s unhealthy DP score was associated with an average increase in HBW of 0.40%. Similarly, a one-unit increase in the unhealthy DP score an...
Background The COVID-19 epidemic has affected diverse issues of life including economy, health an... more Background The COVID-19 epidemic has affected diverse issues of life including economy, health and nutrition. This nationwide study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the epidemic lockdown-induced socio-economic changes on animal source proteins and cereals intakes of Iran population for the first time. Methods This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study using a web-based electronic self-administered questionnaire. A questionnaire was designed with the aim of detecting any changes in the dietary pattern of the Iranian household following coronavirus epidemic. Results A total of 21,290 households participated in the study. Approximately 33%, 24%, 14.2% and 7% of the households had decreased the weekly consumption of red meat, white meat, eggs and rice/bread, respectively, following COVID-19 epidemic. The results of ordered logistic regression showed that the female-headed households, as compared with male-headed ones, were 30% more likely to decrease their weekly co...
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
This a randomized controlled trial study with a cost-effectiveness analysis that aimed to compare... more This a randomized controlled trial study with a cost-effectiveness analysis that aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of group nutrition education with that of Web-Tel nutrition education in the glycemic control of patients with non-insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study was conducted on 105 patients with T2DM for 3 months in Quds health centre of Bushehr province, Iran. The participants were classified based on age and disease severity (hemoglobin A1c level); then, they were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: group education, Web-Tel education, and the control group using block randomization method. The clinical (intermediate) outcome was changes in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Patients' perspective was adopted, and a deterministic one-way sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify the effects of uncertainties. The results indicated that the expected effectiveness was 0.46, 0.63, and 0.4; the mean costs was 27,188, 5,335, and 634 purchasing po...
Background and aim: Although the short-term benefit of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) on the man... more Background and aim: Although the short-term benefit of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) on the management of diabetes has been shown by previous studies, long-term efficiency of MNT has not been adequately investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of ...
سابقه و هدف: اين مطالعه با توجه به اهميت شاخص تصوير بدن در زنان مبتلا به اضافه وزن و چاقي و به من... more سابقه و هدف: اين مطالعه با توجه به اهميت شاخص تصوير بدن در زنان مبتلا به اضافه وزن و چاقي و به منظور مقايسه نقش رژيمهاي غذايي و روايت درماني در اصلاح تصوير بدن زنان مبتلا به اضافه وزن انجام گرفت . مواد و روشها: در اين کارآزمایی بالینی از بين مراجعهكنندگان به كلينيك تخصصي تغذيه و رژيم درماني،30 زن مبتلا به اضافه وزن انتخاب شدند و بهطور تصادفي در دو گروه آزمايشي یک و دو و يك گروه كنترل قرار گرفتند. گروه آزمايشي 1 فقط تحت رژيم درماني (به مدت 5 هفته)، گروه 2 علاوه بر رژيم درماني تحت روايت درماني نيز قرار گرفتند و گروه كنترل هيچ مداخلهاي دريافت نكردند. جلسات روايت درماني شامل 12 جلسه 50 دقيقهاي بود كه هفتهاي دوبار و به صورت گروهي اجرا شد. وزن افراد با حداقل لباس با ترازوي Seca با دقت 5/0 كيلوگرم و قد افراد در حالت ايستاده با قدسنج متصل به ترازو با دقت 5/0 سانتيمتر اندازه گيري شد. شاخص توده بدن ( Body Mass Index ) با تقسيم کردن وزن بر مجذور قد بر حسب متر اندازهگيري شد. دادههاي مربوط به شاخص تصوير بدن با استفاده از پرسشنامه روابط چند بعدي خود-بدن گردآوري شد. تجزيه و تحليل داده...
BACKGROUND Hospitalization may seriously affect patients’ nutritional status and may occasionall... more BACKGROUND Hospitalization may seriously affect patients’ nutritional status and may occasionally be accompanied by malnutrition development or aggravation. Food intake is often altered during hospitalization, which is tightly connected to malnutrition. On the other hand, a huge amount of plate food wasted by patients, in addition to its health consequences, has enormous economic and environmental expenses for governments and societies. OBJECTIVE This investigation aims firstly to assess the nutritional status of the patients hospitalized in general wards and secondly to evaluate the quantity and financial burden of patients’ food waste along with its possible nutritional outcomes. METHODS A mixed-method study is performed in three general hospitals in Tehran. Adult inpatients with eligibility criteria are recruited to the study from medical and surgical wards. Anthropometric and demographic data are collected and energy and protein intakes are extracted from a 24-hour fo...
BACKGROUND background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of endocrine disorders which ini... more BACKGROUND background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of endocrine disorders which initially appears in puberty. OBJECTIVE The aim of this protocol is to describe the design of a study aiming to evaluate the effectiveness of life style training programs improving the polycystic ovarian syndrome of adolescents. METHODS Methods: A cluster randomized controlled trial will be conducted to examine the effectiveness of school-based lifestyle- training programs aiming to improve PCOS by modification of behavioral habit, dietary intake and physical activity. Questionnaires, anthropometric measurements and lab tests will be used to assess program targets. RESULTS Results: Changes in anthropometric indices, clinical, and biochemical parameters in PCOS and healthy adolescents before and after intervention in intervention and control groups will be analyzed. CONCLUSIONS Conclusion: It is of crucial importance that the school environment can provide motivation and challenging interven...
BACKGROUND: Lifestyle training is of a key important in adolescent age for better life in the fut... more BACKGROUND: Lifestyle training is of a key important in adolescent age for better life in the future. Healthy lifestyle in adolescents can management of any disease such as diabetes and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Schools can provide an important environment to identify and change the lifestyle of students. The aim of this protocol is designing and evaluating the effectiveness of school-based lifestyle training program improving the PCOS of adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cluster-randomized controlled trial will be conducted to examine the effectiveness of school-based lifestyle training program in 16 to 18 years old adolescent girls. The healthy lifestyle program will be designed by modification of behavioral habit, dietary intake, and physical activity and educated in eight sessions for adolescents and one session for parents in the intervention groups with sixty participants. RESULTS: Changes in primary and secondary outcomes in PCOS and healthy adolescents before and after intervention in the intervention and control groups will be analyzed for evaluation effectiveness by one-way ANOVA or other nonparametric equivalents. CONCLUSION: The current study will provide information on the effectiveness of school-based lifestyle training programs for adolescents. With increasing numbers of PCOS at risk for long-term and/or late effects of treatment and other chronic diseases, efforts for promoting the healthy lifestyle of this important group are urgently needed. This lifestyle program may provide valuable information relating to the development of other healthy lifestyle interventions for PCOS and result in appropriate behavior change and self-management strategies.
Among the common methods of quantifying household food waste, direct measurement is regarded as i... more Among the common methods of quantifying household food waste, direct measurement is regarded as infeasible due to its prohibitive costs, and self-assessment methods tend to underestimate the actual values. This paper aims to propose a methodological approach to reach a compromise between feasibility and accuracy. Bread was studied, since it is a relatable example. The self-assessment method was used to survey 419 households in Shiraz, Iran, during 2019 to estimate household bread waste (BW) and to identify waste-causing consumption recipes (WCCR). These WCCRs were replicated in the lab, and the resulting BW was measured. The underestimation in the self-assessment method was revealed by comparing the survey results with the lab measurements. The underestimation ratio (UR) ranged between 1.24 and 1.80. The pattern of difference between these four bread types was similar among the survey and lab data. In conclusion, the lab measurements may estimate BW caused by the WCCRs more accurate...
Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic and consequent lockdown has multifaceted effects... more Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic and consequent lockdown has multifaceted effects on people's life including fall in economy which may affect food choices. This study was designed to evaluate changes in dietary intakes of the Iranian households during COVID-19 lockdown and also to predict the consequent health impacts. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study is conducted using a web-based electronic self-administered questionnaire. A previously developed platform is applied to develop the electronic questionnaire. A web link is created (https://digit.rabit.info/s/2ZRaVKMB.html) and the questionnaire is uploaded. An official letter from the Community Nutrition Office of the Ministry of Health is sent to the vice-chancellor in health affairs and the Community Nutrition Offices of the medical universities of all provinces. In that letter, the objectives of the study and the related link are explained and the provincial health and nutrition workers are requested to encourage the community under their service coverage to participate in the study through completing the questionnaire. In addition, the questionnaire link is distributed massively to all popular social media networks such as Telegram and WhatsApp. Conclusions: Because of pandemic lockdown and consequent economic changes, it is expected that expensive food items, notably animal protein sources including meat, fish and poultry, to be less consumed. Be that as it may, the important questions are firstly what are the alternatives of these food items? and secondly what are the potential health consequences of these dietary shifts? This national survey will clarify the answers.
A B S T R A C T Background and Objectives: An association between socioeconomic status (SES) and ... more A B S T R A C T Background and Objectives: An association between socioeconomic status (SES) and poor health has been recognized. Inequalities in nutrition have been associated with inequalities in health. This study aimed to identify the social variability in the food and nutrient intake of Iranian households. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the framework of the Comprehensive Study on Household Food Consumption Patterns and Nutritional Status of I.R. Iran during 2001-2003. Households were selected by cluster systematic sampling method in urban and rural areas. SES was assessed through in-depth interviews. Assessment of food and nutrient intake was done using three consecutive 24-hour diet recalls completed by trained nutritionists. Some of the socio-economic variables were extracted by factor analysis as indicators of SES. Results: Among the 7158 studied households, 2496 (34.9%) were rural and 4662 (65.1%) were urban dwellers. Consumption of the food groups, incl...
A B S T R A C T Background and Objectives: Poverty and risk of nutritional vulnerability of femal... more A B S T R A C T Background and Objectives: Poverty and risk of nutritional vulnerability of female-headed households (FHHs) are usually higher than male-headed households (MHHs). This study aimed at comparing the socioeconomic status, and food and nutrient intake of FHHs and MHHs based on the data from Comprehensive Study on Household Food Consumption Patterns and Nutritional Status of Iran (2001-2003). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the samples were urban and rural households of the country, which were determined by the Statistics Center of Iran using systematic cluster method. The socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of households were asked by interview and observational techniques, and recorded in data forms. The dietary data were collected using three consecutive 24-hour recalls completed by nutrition experts. For the purpose of this study, FHHs and MHHs were compared in terms of socio-economic characteristics, consumption pattern and nutritional...
This study was conducted to identify the dietary patterns among workers of Oil Terminals Company ... more This study was conducted to identify the dietary patterns among workers of Oil Terminals Company and to assess their association with socio-demographic and lifestyle factors.The sample size (392) was estimated by considering minimum correlation (r=0.2) between variables. This cross-sectional study was conducted in a representative sample of workers selected by a stratified random-sampling method (alloffices of the company). The head of company provided a list of workers, and the proportionof each center was specified via ni=ki/N × n [ni=number of participants from each center, ki=number of each center workers, N=number company workers, n= sample size (392)].Dietary pattern was identified by valid food frequency questionnaire containing 168 food items with specific serving size consumed by Iranians. Major dietary patterns analyzed by factor analysis. General characteristics across tertiles were compared by ANOVA and chi-square tests were used where appropriate. In addition, we used m...
Background and aimMalnutrition is a major public health problem, especially in developing countri... more Background and aimMalnutrition is a major public health problem, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to analyze the trend in malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in Iran over recent decades and to estimate malnutrition status for 2020.MethodsThis study took the form of a secondary analysis of the reports and data from three cross-sectional national surveys on children's nutritional status conducted between 1998 and 2017. Anthropometric indices, including markers of underweight, wasting, stunting, overweight, and obesity, were used as indicators of the nutritional status of children under 5 years. Malnutrition indicators are reported separately based on regional food security status. Linear mixed-effects modeling was used to predict the status of malnutrition indicators for 2020.ResultsThe results of this study indicated a downward trend in the prevalence of stunting, underweight, and wasting, from 15.4 to 4.8%, 10.9 to 4.3%, and 4.9 to 4.3%,...
Background The pandemic of the newly emerged coronavirus infection and its related disease, Covid... more Background The pandemic of the newly emerged coronavirus infection and its related disease, Covid-19, has influenced various aspects of human life including dietary habits. This study aimed to examine changes in dairy products consumption during Covid-19 lockdown period in a huge sample of Iranian households. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study using a web-based electronic self-administered questionnaire designed to detect any changes in the consumption frequency of dairy products in the Iranian households during Covid-19 lockdown. Results A total of 21,290 households were enrolled. During Covid-19 epidemic lockdown, about 29%, 26% and 7% of the households had decreased their consumption frequency of milk, yogurt and cheese, respectively. The female-headed households were 21% more likely to decrease their consumption of milk, compared with male-headed households (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.05–1.4). The households residing in food insecure provinces were 29%, 20% and 45%...
SummaryDietary diversity is associated with household or individual food availability and intake ... more SummaryDietary diversity is associated with household or individual food availability and intake of nutrients from different food groups and is an important component of nutritional outcome. This study examined the Nutrient Adequacy Ratio (NAR) and the Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) of three dietary diversity indices and their relationship with the nutritional status of adolescents and adults in rural regions of two states in India, Wardha district in Maharashtra and Koraput district in Odisha, in 2014. Individual dietary diversity was calculated using 24-hour diet recall (FS24hr) data and household dietary diversity was measured with food frequency data using Berry’s index (DDI) and food scores (FSFFQ). The nutritional status of individuals was assessed using anthropometric indices. The diets in both locations were cereal dominated. It was observed that 51% of adolescent boys and 27% of adolescent girls had ‘thinness’ and stunting. The prevalence of undernutrition was higher among adult...
Current household food waste (HFW) reduction plans usually focus on raising consumer awareness, w... more Current household food waste (HFW) reduction plans usually focus on raising consumer awareness, which is essential but insufficient because HFW is predominantly attributed to unconscious behavioral factors that vary across consumer groups. Therefore, identifying such factors is crucial for predicting HFW levels and establishing effective plans. This study explored the role of dietary patterns (DP) and socioeconomic status (SES) as predictors of HBW using linear and non-linear regression models. Questionnaire interviews were performed in 419 households in Shiraz during 2019. A multilayer sampling procedure including stratification, clustering, and systematic sampling was used. Three main DPs, i.e., unhealthy, Mediterranean, and traditional, were identified using a food frequency questionnaire. Results indicated that a one-unit rise in the household’s unhealthy DP score was associated with an average increase in HBW of 0.40%. Similarly, a one-unit increase in the unhealthy DP score an...
Background The COVID-19 epidemic has affected diverse issues of life including economy, health an... more Background The COVID-19 epidemic has affected diverse issues of life including economy, health and nutrition. This nationwide study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the epidemic lockdown-induced socio-economic changes on animal source proteins and cereals intakes of Iran population for the first time. Methods This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study using a web-based electronic self-administered questionnaire. A questionnaire was designed with the aim of detecting any changes in the dietary pattern of the Iranian household following coronavirus epidemic. Results A total of 21,290 households participated in the study. Approximately 33%, 24%, 14.2% and 7% of the households had decreased the weekly consumption of red meat, white meat, eggs and rice/bread, respectively, following COVID-19 epidemic. The results of ordered logistic regression showed that the female-headed households, as compared with male-headed ones, were 30% more likely to decrease their weekly co...
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
This a randomized controlled trial study with a cost-effectiveness analysis that aimed to compare... more This a randomized controlled trial study with a cost-effectiveness analysis that aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of group nutrition education with that of Web-Tel nutrition education in the glycemic control of patients with non-insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study was conducted on 105 patients with T2DM for 3 months in Quds health centre of Bushehr province, Iran. The participants were classified based on age and disease severity (hemoglobin A1c level); then, they were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: group education, Web-Tel education, and the control group using block randomization method. The clinical (intermediate) outcome was changes in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Patients' perspective was adopted, and a deterministic one-way sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify the effects of uncertainties. The results indicated that the expected effectiveness was 0.46, 0.63, and 0.4; the mean costs was 27,188, 5,335, and 634 purchasing po...
Background and aim: Although the short-term benefit of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) on the man... more Background and aim: Although the short-term benefit of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) on the management of diabetes has been shown by previous studies, long-term efficiency of MNT has not been adequately investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of ...
سابقه و هدف: اين مطالعه با توجه به اهميت شاخص تصوير بدن در زنان مبتلا به اضافه وزن و چاقي و به من... more سابقه و هدف: اين مطالعه با توجه به اهميت شاخص تصوير بدن در زنان مبتلا به اضافه وزن و چاقي و به منظور مقايسه نقش رژيمهاي غذايي و روايت درماني در اصلاح تصوير بدن زنان مبتلا به اضافه وزن انجام گرفت . مواد و روشها: در اين کارآزمایی بالینی از بين مراجعهكنندگان به كلينيك تخصصي تغذيه و رژيم درماني،30 زن مبتلا به اضافه وزن انتخاب شدند و بهطور تصادفي در دو گروه آزمايشي یک و دو و يك گروه كنترل قرار گرفتند. گروه آزمايشي 1 فقط تحت رژيم درماني (به مدت 5 هفته)، گروه 2 علاوه بر رژيم درماني تحت روايت درماني نيز قرار گرفتند و گروه كنترل هيچ مداخلهاي دريافت نكردند. جلسات روايت درماني شامل 12 جلسه 50 دقيقهاي بود كه هفتهاي دوبار و به صورت گروهي اجرا شد. وزن افراد با حداقل لباس با ترازوي Seca با دقت 5/0 كيلوگرم و قد افراد در حالت ايستاده با قدسنج متصل به ترازو با دقت 5/0 سانتيمتر اندازه گيري شد. شاخص توده بدن ( Body Mass Index ) با تقسيم کردن وزن بر مجذور قد بر حسب متر اندازهگيري شد. دادههاي مربوط به شاخص تصوير بدن با استفاده از پرسشنامه روابط چند بعدي خود-بدن گردآوري شد. تجزيه و تحليل داده...
BACKGROUND Hospitalization may seriously affect patients’ nutritional status and may occasionall... more BACKGROUND Hospitalization may seriously affect patients’ nutritional status and may occasionally be accompanied by malnutrition development or aggravation. Food intake is often altered during hospitalization, which is tightly connected to malnutrition. On the other hand, a huge amount of plate food wasted by patients, in addition to its health consequences, has enormous economic and environmental expenses for governments and societies. OBJECTIVE This investigation aims firstly to assess the nutritional status of the patients hospitalized in general wards and secondly to evaluate the quantity and financial burden of patients’ food waste along with its possible nutritional outcomes. METHODS A mixed-method study is performed in three general hospitals in Tehran. Adult inpatients with eligibility criteria are recruited to the study from medical and surgical wards. Anthropometric and demographic data are collected and energy and protein intakes are extracted from a 24-hour fo...
BACKGROUND background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of endocrine disorders which ini... more BACKGROUND background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of endocrine disorders which initially appears in puberty. OBJECTIVE The aim of this protocol is to describe the design of a study aiming to evaluate the effectiveness of life style training programs improving the polycystic ovarian syndrome of adolescents. METHODS Methods: A cluster randomized controlled trial will be conducted to examine the effectiveness of school-based lifestyle- training programs aiming to improve PCOS by modification of behavioral habit, dietary intake and physical activity. Questionnaires, anthropometric measurements and lab tests will be used to assess program targets. RESULTS Results: Changes in anthropometric indices, clinical, and biochemical parameters in PCOS and healthy adolescents before and after intervention in intervention and control groups will be analyzed. CONCLUSIONS Conclusion: It is of crucial importance that the school environment can provide motivation and challenging interven...
BACKGROUND: Lifestyle training is of a key important in adolescent age for better life in the fut... more BACKGROUND: Lifestyle training is of a key important in adolescent age for better life in the future. Healthy lifestyle in adolescents can management of any disease such as diabetes and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Schools can provide an important environment to identify and change the lifestyle of students. The aim of this protocol is designing and evaluating the effectiveness of school-based lifestyle training program improving the PCOS of adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cluster-randomized controlled trial will be conducted to examine the effectiveness of school-based lifestyle training program in 16 to 18 years old adolescent girls. The healthy lifestyle program will be designed by modification of behavioral habit, dietary intake, and physical activity and educated in eight sessions for adolescents and one session for parents in the intervention groups with sixty participants. RESULTS: Changes in primary and secondary outcomes in PCOS and healthy adolescents before and after intervention in the intervention and control groups will be analyzed for evaluation effectiveness by one-way ANOVA or other nonparametric equivalents. CONCLUSION: The current study will provide information on the effectiveness of school-based lifestyle training programs for adolescents. With increasing numbers of PCOS at risk for long-term and/or late effects of treatment and other chronic diseases, efforts for promoting the healthy lifestyle of this important group are urgently needed. This lifestyle program may provide valuable information relating to the development of other healthy lifestyle interventions for PCOS and result in appropriate behavior change and self-management strategies.
Among the common methods of quantifying household food waste, direct measurement is regarded as i... more Among the common methods of quantifying household food waste, direct measurement is regarded as infeasible due to its prohibitive costs, and self-assessment methods tend to underestimate the actual values. This paper aims to propose a methodological approach to reach a compromise between feasibility and accuracy. Bread was studied, since it is a relatable example. The self-assessment method was used to survey 419 households in Shiraz, Iran, during 2019 to estimate household bread waste (BW) and to identify waste-causing consumption recipes (WCCR). These WCCRs were replicated in the lab, and the resulting BW was measured. The underestimation in the self-assessment method was revealed by comparing the survey results with the lab measurements. The underestimation ratio (UR) ranged between 1.24 and 1.80. The pattern of difference between these four bread types was similar among the survey and lab data. In conclusion, the lab measurements may estimate BW caused by the WCCRs more accurate...
Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic and consequent lockdown has multifaceted effects... more Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic and consequent lockdown has multifaceted effects on people's life including fall in economy which may affect food choices. This study was designed to evaluate changes in dietary intakes of the Iranian households during COVID-19 lockdown and also to predict the consequent health impacts. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study is conducted using a web-based electronic self-administered questionnaire. A previously developed platform is applied to develop the electronic questionnaire. A web link is created (https://digit.rabit.info/s/2ZRaVKMB.html) and the questionnaire is uploaded. An official letter from the Community Nutrition Office of the Ministry of Health is sent to the vice-chancellor in health affairs and the Community Nutrition Offices of the medical universities of all provinces. In that letter, the objectives of the study and the related link are explained and the provincial health and nutrition workers are requested to encourage the community under their service coverage to participate in the study through completing the questionnaire. In addition, the questionnaire link is distributed massively to all popular social media networks such as Telegram and WhatsApp. Conclusions: Because of pandemic lockdown and consequent economic changes, it is expected that expensive food items, notably animal protein sources including meat, fish and poultry, to be less consumed. Be that as it may, the important questions are firstly what are the alternatives of these food items? and secondly what are the potential health consequences of these dietary shifts? This national survey will clarify the answers.
A B S T R A C T Background and Objectives: An association between socioeconomic status (SES) and ... more A B S T R A C T Background and Objectives: An association between socioeconomic status (SES) and poor health has been recognized. Inequalities in nutrition have been associated with inequalities in health. This study aimed to identify the social variability in the food and nutrient intake of Iranian households. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the framework of the Comprehensive Study on Household Food Consumption Patterns and Nutritional Status of I.R. Iran during 2001-2003. Households were selected by cluster systematic sampling method in urban and rural areas. SES was assessed through in-depth interviews. Assessment of food and nutrient intake was done using three consecutive 24-hour diet recalls completed by trained nutritionists. Some of the socio-economic variables were extracted by factor analysis as indicators of SES. Results: Among the 7158 studied households, 2496 (34.9%) were rural and 4662 (65.1%) were urban dwellers. Consumption of the food groups, incl...
A B S T R A C T Background and Objectives: Poverty and risk of nutritional vulnerability of femal... more A B S T R A C T Background and Objectives: Poverty and risk of nutritional vulnerability of female-headed households (FHHs) are usually higher than male-headed households (MHHs). This study aimed at comparing the socioeconomic status, and food and nutrient intake of FHHs and MHHs based on the data from Comprehensive Study on Household Food Consumption Patterns and Nutritional Status of Iran (2001-2003). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the samples were urban and rural households of the country, which were determined by the Statistics Center of Iran using systematic cluster method. The socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of households were asked by interview and observational techniques, and recorded in data forms. The dietary data were collected using three consecutive 24-hour recalls completed by nutrition experts. For the purpose of this study, FHHs and MHHs were compared in terms of socio-economic characteristics, consumption pattern and nutritional...
This study was conducted to identify the dietary patterns among workers of Oil Terminals Company ... more This study was conducted to identify the dietary patterns among workers of Oil Terminals Company and to assess their association with socio-demographic and lifestyle factors.The sample size (392) was estimated by considering minimum correlation (r=0.2) between variables. This cross-sectional study was conducted in a representative sample of workers selected by a stratified random-sampling method (alloffices of the company). The head of company provided a list of workers, and the proportionof each center was specified via ni=ki/N × n [ni=number of participants from each center, ki=number of each center workers, N=number company workers, n= sample size (392)].Dietary pattern was identified by valid food frequency questionnaire containing 168 food items with specific serving size consumed by Iranians. Major dietary patterns analyzed by factor analysis. General characteristics across tertiles were compared by ANOVA and chi-square tests were used where appropriate. In addition, we used m...
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Papers by Delaram Ghodsi