The prevalence and mechanisms of diurnal hypercapnia in subjects with sleep apnea syndrome are no... more The prevalence and mechanisms of diurnal hypercapnia in subjects with sleep apnea syndrome are not well known, particularly in the morbidly obese. We studied a group of 24 subjects with sleep apnea syndrome and morbid obesity defined as a body mass index greater than 40 kg/m2 and free of chronic respiratory disease. Hypercapnia (PaCO2 > 42 mmHg) was found in 50% of the subjects. Age, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, apnea index, ratio of maximum forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to vital capacity and expiratory reserve volume were not significantly different between hypercapnic and normocapnic subjects. Total pulmonary capacity, vital capacity and FEV1 were significantly lower in hypercapnic subjects than in normocapnic subjects. These findings suggest that ventilatory restriction plays an important role in the development of diurnal alveolar hypoventilation in subjects with sleep apnea syndrome and morbid obesity.
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 2010
Background Azzalure â (Galderma SA), a newly approved European botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-... more Background Azzalure â (Galderma SA), a newly approved European botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A), is derived from Dysport TM (Ipsen Ltd.), which has a 20-year history of product consistency and has been widely used for various aesthetic and therapeutic applications. Azzalure â and Dysport TM are collectively referred to as BoNT-A (Speywood Unit) after the unit of their activity, and are distinct from other commercial BoNT-A preparations.
Sleep apnoea syndrome (SAS) has been reported to be associated with excess mortality and a wide r... more Sleep apnoea syndrome (SAS) has been reported to be associated with excess mortality and a wide range of cardiac and respiratory sequelae : daytime alveolar hypoventilation, pulmonary arterial hypertension, systemic arterial hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction, cardiac arrhythmias and ischaemic heart disease. However, conflicting data have been published on the cardiorespiratory consequences of SAS. This might be due to the fact that most studies did not take sufficient account of the potential effects of confounding variables, such as age, smoking, and obesity . Obesity is a major confounding factor as it is strongly associated with SAS , and may yield the same cardiorespiratory complications as SAS. Therefore, observing cardiac and respiratory abnormalities in an obese patient with SAS does not necessarily imply a causal association between nocturnal apnoeas and cardiorespiratory morbidity. Another confounding factor is the association of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which may explain certain conflicting results on the role of SAS in the development of daytime alveolar hypoventilation and pulmonary arterial hypertension . The aim of the present study was to assess the cardiorespiratory consequences of SAS by comparing the results of a comprehensive cardiorespiratory evaluation in apnoeic and nonapnoeic patients with a similar degree of obesity, i.e. massive obesity and without COPD. This study investigated the role of SAS in the development of daytime alveolar hypoventilation, pulmonary arterial hypertension, systemic arterial hypertension, left ventricular dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation, cardiac arrhythmias and coronary artery disease.
The ELPAS (Etude Longitudinale Prospective Alimentation et Santé) study was an 8-month randomized... more The ELPAS (Etude Longitudinale Prospective Alimentation et Santé) study was an 8-month randomized controlled dietary modification trial designed to test the hypothesis that family dietary coaching would improve nutritional intakes and weight control in 2026 free-living children and parents. It resulted in significant nutritional changes, with beneficial effects on body mass index in adults. In these ancillary analyses, we investigated dietary changes throughout the intervention.
Genotypes for 24 microsatellite markers, dispersed across the chicken genome, were used to predic... more Genotypes for 24 microsatellite markers, dispersed across the chicken genome, were used to predict progeny performance and heterosis for egg production (number and mass) in 'layers' (egg-type chickens). These markers were used to evaluate genetic distance between each of 39 sires sampled from two-layer male-lines; Rhode Island Red (RIR) and White egg Leghorn (Leghorn), and a DNA pool of 30 randomly sampled females from a Brown-egg female line (Silver). Each sire was analysed for egg production across months in the laying period and cumulatively in each of three subperiods; onset (2 month), mid (9 month) and late (1 month). The average Reynolds' genetic distance between Leghorn sires and the Silver female line (h ¼ 0.6) was significantly higher than that between RIR sires and the Silver female line (h ¼ 0.5). Neither performance nor heterosis values in the RIR sire's daughters were associated with genetic distance values between sires and the Silver female line. On the other hand, performance as well as heterosis values of Leghorn's daughters were positively associated with genetic distance. This association was particularly evident in the mid-subperiod. If 25% of the most genetically distant Leghorn sires from the Silver female line had been selected in a single generation on the basis of DNA markers information only, average egg production of the crossbred daughters would have been improved by about nine eggs (3%). In principle, further improvement is possible if selection to increase genetic distance between the parental lines is carried on.
Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 2008
To test the hypothesis that family dietary coaching would improve nutritional intakes and weight ... more To test the hypothesis that family dietary coaching would improve nutritional intakes and weight control in free-living (noninstitutionalized) children and parents.
The prevalence and mechanisms of diurnal hypercapnia in subjects with sleep apnea syndrome are no... more The prevalence and mechanisms of diurnal hypercapnia in subjects with sleep apnea syndrome are not well known, particularly in the morbidly obese. We studied a group of 24 subjects with sleep apnea syndrome and morbid obesity defined as a body mass index greater than 40 kg/m2 and free of chronic respiratory disease. Hypercapnia (PaCO2 > 42 mmHg) was found in 50% of the subjects. Age, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, apnea index, ratio of maximum forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to vital capacity and expiratory reserve volume were not significantly different between hypercapnic and normocapnic subjects. Total pulmonary capacity, vital capacity and FEV1 were significantly lower in hypercapnic subjects than in normocapnic subjects. These findings suggest that ventilatory restriction plays an important role in the development of diurnal alveolar hypoventilation in subjects with sleep apnea syndrome and morbid obesity.
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 2010
Background Azzalure â (Galderma SA), a newly approved European botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-... more Background Azzalure â (Galderma SA), a newly approved European botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A), is derived from Dysport TM (Ipsen Ltd.), which has a 20-year history of product consistency and has been widely used for various aesthetic and therapeutic applications. Azzalure â and Dysport TM are collectively referred to as BoNT-A (Speywood Unit) after the unit of their activity, and are distinct from other commercial BoNT-A preparations.
Sleep apnoea syndrome (SAS) has been reported to be associated with excess mortality and a wide r... more Sleep apnoea syndrome (SAS) has been reported to be associated with excess mortality and a wide range of cardiac and respiratory sequelae : daytime alveolar hypoventilation, pulmonary arterial hypertension, systemic arterial hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction, cardiac arrhythmias and ischaemic heart disease. However, conflicting data have been published on the cardiorespiratory consequences of SAS. This might be due to the fact that most studies did not take sufficient account of the potential effects of confounding variables, such as age, smoking, and obesity . Obesity is a major confounding factor as it is strongly associated with SAS , and may yield the same cardiorespiratory complications as SAS. Therefore, observing cardiac and respiratory abnormalities in an obese patient with SAS does not necessarily imply a causal association between nocturnal apnoeas and cardiorespiratory morbidity. Another confounding factor is the association of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which may explain certain conflicting results on the role of SAS in the development of daytime alveolar hypoventilation and pulmonary arterial hypertension . The aim of the present study was to assess the cardiorespiratory consequences of SAS by comparing the results of a comprehensive cardiorespiratory evaluation in apnoeic and nonapnoeic patients with a similar degree of obesity, i.e. massive obesity and without COPD. This study investigated the role of SAS in the development of daytime alveolar hypoventilation, pulmonary arterial hypertension, systemic arterial hypertension, left ventricular dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation, cardiac arrhythmias and coronary artery disease.
The ELPAS (Etude Longitudinale Prospective Alimentation et Santé) study was an 8-month randomized... more The ELPAS (Etude Longitudinale Prospective Alimentation et Santé) study was an 8-month randomized controlled dietary modification trial designed to test the hypothesis that family dietary coaching would improve nutritional intakes and weight control in 2026 free-living children and parents. It resulted in significant nutritional changes, with beneficial effects on body mass index in adults. In these ancillary analyses, we investigated dietary changes throughout the intervention.
Genotypes for 24 microsatellite markers, dispersed across the chicken genome, were used to predic... more Genotypes for 24 microsatellite markers, dispersed across the chicken genome, were used to predict progeny performance and heterosis for egg production (number and mass) in 'layers' (egg-type chickens). These markers were used to evaluate genetic distance between each of 39 sires sampled from two-layer male-lines; Rhode Island Red (RIR) and White egg Leghorn (Leghorn), and a DNA pool of 30 randomly sampled females from a Brown-egg female line (Silver). Each sire was analysed for egg production across months in the laying period and cumulatively in each of three subperiods; onset (2 month), mid (9 month) and late (1 month). The average Reynolds' genetic distance between Leghorn sires and the Silver female line (h ¼ 0.6) was significantly higher than that between RIR sires and the Silver female line (h ¼ 0.5). Neither performance nor heterosis values in the RIR sire's daughters were associated with genetic distance values between sires and the Silver female line. On the other hand, performance as well as heterosis values of Leghorn's daughters were positively associated with genetic distance. This association was particularly evident in the mid-subperiod. If 25% of the most genetically distant Leghorn sires from the Silver female line had been selected in a single generation on the basis of DNA markers information only, average egg production of the crossbred daughters would have been improved by about nine eggs (3%). In principle, further improvement is possible if selection to increase genetic distance between the parental lines is carried on.
Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 2008
To test the hypothesis that family dietary coaching would improve nutritional intakes and weight ... more To test the hypothesis that family dietary coaching would improve nutritional intakes and weight control in free-living (noninstitutionalized) children and parents.
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