Studying the influence of climatic and/or site-specific factors on soil organic matter (SOM) alon... more Studying the influence of climatic and/or site-specific factors on soil organic matter (SOM) along an elevation gradient is important for understanding the response of SOM to global warming. We evaluated the composition of SOM and structure of humic acids along an altitudinal gradient from 600 to 1400 m in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) plantations in central Taiwan using NMR spectroscopy and photometric analysis. Total organic C and total nitrogen (N) content increased with increasing elevation. Aromaticity decreased and ΔlogK (the logarithm of the absorbance ratio of humic acids at 400 and 600 nm) increased PLOS ONE |
Bamboo, which has dense culms and root rhizome systems, can alter soil properties when it invades... more Bamboo, which has dense culms and root rhizome systems, can alter soil properties when it invades adjacent forests. Therefore, this study investigated whether bamboo invasions can cause changes in soil organic matter (SOM) composition and soil humification. We combined solid-state (13)C NMR spectroscopy and chemical analysis to examine the SOM in a Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and adjacent bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) plantation. Bamboo reduced soil organic C (SOC) content, compared to the cedar plantation. The value of ∆logK (ratio of absorbance of humic acids at 400 and 600 nm) was cedar > transition zone > bamboo soils. Our results indicated that bamboo increased SOM humification, which could be due to the fast decomposition of bamboo litter with the high labile C. Furthermore, intensive management in the bamboo plantation could enhance the humification as well. Overall, litter type can control an ecosystem's SOC nature, as reflected by the finding that higher...
Bamboo, which has dense culms and root rhizome systems, can alter soil properties when it invades... more Bamboo, which has dense culms and root rhizome systems, can alter soil properties when it invades adjacent forests. Therefore, this study investigated whether bamboo invasions can cause changes in soil organic matter (SOM) composition and soil humification. We combined solid-state (13)C NMR spectroscopy and chemical analysis to examine the SOM in a Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and adjacent bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) plantation. Bamboo reduced soil organic C (SOC) content, compared to the cedar plantation. The value of ∆logK (ratio of absorbance of humic acids at 400 and 600 nm) was cedar > transition zone > bamboo soils. Our results indicated that bamboo increased SOM humification, which could be due to the fast decomposition of bamboo litter with the high labile C. Furthermore, intensive management in the bamboo plantation could enhance the humification as well. Overall, litter type can control an ecosystem's SOC nature, as reflected by the finding that higher...
Bamboo, which has dense culms and root rhizome systems, can alter soil properties when it invades... more Bamboo, which has dense culms and root rhizome systems, can alter soil properties when it invades adjacent forests. Therefore, this study investigated whether bamboo invasions can cause changes in soil organic matter (SOM) composition and soil humification. We combined solid-state (13)C NMR spectroscopy and chemical analysis to examine the SOM in a Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and adjacent bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) plantation. Bamboo reduced soil organic C (SOC) content, compared to the cedar plantation. The value of ∆logK (ratio of absorbance of humic acids at 400 and 600 nm) was cedar > transition zone > bamboo soils. Our results indicated that bamboo increased SOM humification, which could be due to the fast decomposition of bamboo litter with the high labile C. Furthermore, intensive management in the bamboo plantation could enhance the humification as well. Overall, litter type can control an ecosystem's SOC nature, as reflected by the finding that higher...
... gov.tw Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 47 (2000) 15}27 Transfer factors of Sr and Cs f... more ... gov.tw Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 47 (2000) 15}27 Transfer factors of Sr and Cs from soil to the sweet potato collected in Taiwan Chih-Jung Wang, Jeng-Jong Wang *, Chih-Yu Chiu,Shu-Ying Lai, Yu-Ming Lin ... Incep tiso l 3 232 21.9 2 N ank a n 4 .1 0.27 0.82 10.7 ...
... gov.tw Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 47 (2000) 15}27 Transfer factors of Sr and Cs f... more ... gov.tw Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 47 (2000) 15}27 Transfer factors of Sr and Cs from soil to the sweet potato collected in Taiwan Chih-Jung Wang, Jeng-Jong Wang *, Chih-Yu Chiu,Shu-Ying Lai, Yu-Ming Lin ... Incep tiso l 3 232 21.9 2 N ank a n 4 .1 0.27 0.82 10.7 ...
... gov.tw Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 47 (2000) 15}27 Transfer factors of Sr and Cs f... more ... gov.tw Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 47 (2000) 15}27 Transfer factors of Sr and Cs from soil to the sweet potato collected in Taiwan Chih-Jung Wang, Jeng-Jong Wang *, Chih-Yu Chiu,Shu-Ying Lai, Yu-Ming Lin ... Incep tiso l 3 232 21.9 2 N ank a n 4 .1 0.27 0.82 10.7 ...
ABSTRACT In agricultural soils, a large portion of C in crop residues (i.e., non-harvested plant ... more ABSTRACT In agricultural soils, a large portion of C in crop residues (i.e., non-harvested plant parts left in the field) is annually lost to atmosphere due to the low C use metabolism of soil microorganisms adapting to the environmental stress (moisture stress and substrate C and N imbalance). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that amending soil with biosolids (treated sewage sludge with high stable organic matter and low C:N ratio) can improve the C metabolism of microorganisms in agricultural soils through alleviation of microbial stress, leading to increased sequestration of crop residue-C in agricultural soils. Biosolids were applied at a mean annual rate of 4.2 kg m−2 (dry weight) to eight agricultural fields (biosolids-amended) for 13 years (1972–1984) in western Illinois. Four agricultural fields (unamended) received chemical fertilizer as control. We measured the sequestration rate of crop residue-C in the soils over the span of 34 years (1972–2006) using a 13C technique. We found dramatically greater sequestration rate of crop residue-C in biosolids-amended soil (32.5 ± 1.7% of total crop residue-C) versus unamended soil (11.8 ± 1.6%). Soil microbial metabolic quotient was significantly lower in biosolids-amended than in unamended fields, indicating that biosolid-amendment reduced soil microbial stress and improved microbial C metabolism. The study concludes use of a soil amendment with high stable C and low C:N is a valid approach to transform agricultural soils from current C-neutral status to a C sink. Biosolids represent a good choice of such soil amendments.
ABSTRACT In agricultural soils, a large portion of C in crop residues (i.e., non-harvested plant ... more ABSTRACT In agricultural soils, a large portion of C in crop residues (i.e., non-harvested plant parts left in the field) is annually lost to atmosphere due to the low C use metabolism of soil microorganisms adapting to the environmental stress (moisture stress and substrate C and N imbalance). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that amending soil with biosolids (treated sewage sludge with high stable organic matter and low C:N ratio) can improve the C metabolism of microorganisms in agricultural soils through alleviation of microbial stress, leading to increased sequestration of crop residue-C in agricultural soils. Biosolids were applied at a mean annual rate of 4.2 kg m−2 (dry weight) to eight agricultural fields (biosolids-amended) for 13 years (1972–1984) in western Illinois. Four agricultural fields (unamended) received chemical fertilizer as control. We measured the sequestration rate of crop residue-C in the soils over the span of 34 years (1972–2006) using a 13C technique. We found dramatically greater sequestration rate of crop residue-C in biosolids-amended soil (32.5 ± 1.7% of total crop residue-C) versus unamended soil (11.8 ± 1.6%). Soil microbial metabolic quotient was significantly lower in biosolids-amended than in unamended fields, indicating that biosolid-amendment reduced soil microbial stress and improved microbial C metabolism. The study concludes use of a soil amendment with high stable C and low C:N is a valid approach to transform agricultural soils from current C-neutral status to a C sink. Biosolids represent a good choice of such soil amendments.
ABSTRACT In agricultural soils, a large portion of C in crop residues (i.e., non-harvested plant ... more ABSTRACT In agricultural soils, a large portion of C in crop residues (i.e., non-harvested plant parts left in the field) is annually lost to atmosphere due to the low C use metabolism of soil microorganisms adapting to the environmental stress (moisture stress and substrate C and N imbalance). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that amending soil with biosolids (treated sewage sludge with high stable organic matter and low C:N ratio) can improve the C metabolism of microorganisms in agricultural soils through alleviation of microbial stress, leading to increased sequestration of crop residue-C in agricultural soils. Biosolids were applied at a mean annual rate of 4.2 kg m−2 (dry weight) to eight agricultural fields (biosolids-amended) for 13 years (1972–1984) in western Illinois. Four agricultural fields (unamended) received chemical fertilizer as control. We measured the sequestration rate of crop residue-C in the soils over the span of 34 years (1972–2006) using a 13C technique. We found dramatically greater sequestration rate of crop residue-C in biosolids-amended soil (32.5 ± 1.7% of total crop residue-C) versus unamended soil (11.8 ± 1.6%). Soil microbial metabolic quotient was significantly lower in biosolids-amended than in unamended fields, indicating that biosolid-amendment reduced soil microbial stress and improved microbial C metabolism. The study concludes use of a soil amendment with high stable C and low C:N is a valid approach to transform agricultural soils from current C-neutral status to a C sink. Biosolids represent a good choice of such soil amendments.
抄録 Application of sludges to agricultural land depressed plant growth despite its beneficial effe... more 抄録 Application of sludges to agricultural land depressed plant growth despite its beneficial effects on crop production. Hence it remained to be determined whether sludge application induced any adverse effect on crop nutrition or growth. Thus the growth response of barley ...
抄録 Application of sludges to agricultural land depressed plant growth despite its beneficial effe... more 抄録 Application of sludges to agricultural land depressed plant growth despite its beneficial effects on crop production. Hence it remained to be determined whether sludge application induced any adverse effect on crop nutrition or growth. Thus the growth response of barley ...
抄録 Application of sludges to agricultural land depressed plant growth despite its beneficial effe... more 抄録 Application of sludges to agricultural land depressed plant growth despite its beneficial effects on crop production. Hence it remained to be determined whether sludge application induced any adverse effect on crop nutrition or growth. Thus the growth response of barley ...
ABSTRACT The optical characteristics of humic acids (HAs) and degree of humification of humic sub... more ABSTRACT The optical characteristics of humic acids (HAs) and degree of humification of humic substances in Albaquults, Dystrochrepts, and Histosols of a perhumid forest in Taiwan were studied. Values of the humification indexes (E4/E6 ratios) of both the total soil extract and HA fractions gave similar results in the case of surface layers (0 horizons), whereas in the case of the mineral horizons, those of the total soil extract were not significantly correlated with the results obtained for the HA fraction. The profile distribution of the values of the FA/HA ratio increased from top to bottom, indicating that the FAs (fulvic acids) were more mobile than the HAs and accumulated in deeper mineral horizons. The pronounced migration of the FAs contributed to the lower degree of humification of humic substances in the mineral horizons. The ΔlogK and RF values of the HAs showed that the HAs in the mineral horizons of the soils were less humified (classified as Rp type) than those of the 0 horizons (classified as Rp or P type). The predominance of the P type of HAs in this studied site suggests that there is a high degree of humification in perhumid forest soils which are with high rainfall and extreme acidity. There is no significant effect of topography on the type of HAs that developed along the slope sites.
Studying the influence of climatic and/or site-specific factors on soil organic matter (SOM) alon... more Studying the influence of climatic and/or site-specific factors on soil organic matter (SOM) along an elevation gradient is important for understanding the response of SOM to global warming. We evaluated the composition of SOM and structure of humic acids along an altitudinal gradient from 600 to 1400 m in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) plantations in central Taiwan using NMR spectroscopy and photometric analysis. Total organic C and total nitrogen (N) content increased with increasing elevation. Aromaticity decreased and ΔlogK (the logarithm of the absorbance ratio of humic acids at 400 and 600 nm) increased PLOS ONE |
Bamboo, which has dense culms and root rhizome systems, can alter soil properties when it invades... more Bamboo, which has dense culms and root rhizome systems, can alter soil properties when it invades adjacent forests. Therefore, this study investigated whether bamboo invasions can cause changes in soil organic matter (SOM) composition and soil humification. We combined solid-state (13)C NMR spectroscopy and chemical analysis to examine the SOM in a Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and adjacent bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) plantation. Bamboo reduced soil organic C (SOC) content, compared to the cedar plantation. The value of ∆logK (ratio of absorbance of humic acids at 400 and 600 nm) was cedar > transition zone > bamboo soils. Our results indicated that bamboo increased SOM humification, which could be due to the fast decomposition of bamboo litter with the high labile C. Furthermore, intensive management in the bamboo plantation could enhance the humification as well. Overall, litter type can control an ecosystem's SOC nature, as reflected by the finding that higher...
Bamboo, which has dense culms and root rhizome systems, can alter soil properties when it invades... more Bamboo, which has dense culms and root rhizome systems, can alter soil properties when it invades adjacent forests. Therefore, this study investigated whether bamboo invasions can cause changes in soil organic matter (SOM) composition and soil humification. We combined solid-state (13)C NMR spectroscopy and chemical analysis to examine the SOM in a Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and adjacent bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) plantation. Bamboo reduced soil organic C (SOC) content, compared to the cedar plantation. The value of ∆logK (ratio of absorbance of humic acids at 400 and 600 nm) was cedar > transition zone > bamboo soils. Our results indicated that bamboo increased SOM humification, which could be due to the fast decomposition of bamboo litter with the high labile C. Furthermore, intensive management in the bamboo plantation could enhance the humification as well. Overall, litter type can control an ecosystem's SOC nature, as reflected by the finding that higher...
Bamboo, which has dense culms and root rhizome systems, can alter soil properties when it invades... more Bamboo, which has dense culms and root rhizome systems, can alter soil properties when it invades adjacent forests. Therefore, this study investigated whether bamboo invasions can cause changes in soil organic matter (SOM) composition and soil humification. We combined solid-state (13)C NMR spectroscopy and chemical analysis to examine the SOM in a Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and adjacent bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) plantation. Bamboo reduced soil organic C (SOC) content, compared to the cedar plantation. The value of ∆logK (ratio of absorbance of humic acids at 400 and 600 nm) was cedar > transition zone > bamboo soils. Our results indicated that bamboo increased SOM humification, which could be due to the fast decomposition of bamboo litter with the high labile C. Furthermore, intensive management in the bamboo plantation could enhance the humification as well. Overall, litter type can control an ecosystem's SOC nature, as reflected by the finding that higher...
... gov.tw Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 47 (2000) 15}27 Transfer factors of Sr and Cs f... more ... gov.tw Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 47 (2000) 15}27 Transfer factors of Sr and Cs from soil to the sweet potato collected in Taiwan Chih-Jung Wang, Jeng-Jong Wang *, Chih-Yu Chiu,Shu-Ying Lai, Yu-Ming Lin ... Incep tiso l 3 232 21.9 2 N ank a n 4 .1 0.27 0.82 10.7 ...
... gov.tw Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 47 (2000) 15}27 Transfer factors of Sr and Cs f... more ... gov.tw Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 47 (2000) 15}27 Transfer factors of Sr and Cs from soil to the sweet potato collected in Taiwan Chih-Jung Wang, Jeng-Jong Wang *, Chih-Yu Chiu,Shu-Ying Lai, Yu-Ming Lin ... Incep tiso l 3 232 21.9 2 N ank a n 4 .1 0.27 0.82 10.7 ...
... gov.tw Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 47 (2000) 15}27 Transfer factors of Sr and Cs f... more ... gov.tw Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 47 (2000) 15}27 Transfer factors of Sr and Cs from soil to the sweet potato collected in Taiwan Chih-Jung Wang, Jeng-Jong Wang *, Chih-Yu Chiu,Shu-Ying Lai, Yu-Ming Lin ... Incep tiso l 3 232 21.9 2 N ank a n 4 .1 0.27 0.82 10.7 ...
ABSTRACT In agricultural soils, a large portion of C in crop residues (i.e., non-harvested plant ... more ABSTRACT In agricultural soils, a large portion of C in crop residues (i.e., non-harvested plant parts left in the field) is annually lost to atmosphere due to the low C use metabolism of soil microorganisms adapting to the environmental stress (moisture stress and substrate C and N imbalance). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that amending soil with biosolids (treated sewage sludge with high stable organic matter and low C:N ratio) can improve the C metabolism of microorganisms in agricultural soils through alleviation of microbial stress, leading to increased sequestration of crop residue-C in agricultural soils. Biosolids were applied at a mean annual rate of 4.2 kg m−2 (dry weight) to eight agricultural fields (biosolids-amended) for 13 years (1972–1984) in western Illinois. Four agricultural fields (unamended) received chemical fertilizer as control. We measured the sequestration rate of crop residue-C in the soils over the span of 34 years (1972–2006) using a 13C technique. We found dramatically greater sequestration rate of crop residue-C in biosolids-amended soil (32.5 ± 1.7% of total crop residue-C) versus unamended soil (11.8 ± 1.6%). Soil microbial metabolic quotient was significantly lower in biosolids-amended than in unamended fields, indicating that biosolid-amendment reduced soil microbial stress and improved microbial C metabolism. The study concludes use of a soil amendment with high stable C and low C:N is a valid approach to transform agricultural soils from current C-neutral status to a C sink. Biosolids represent a good choice of such soil amendments.
ABSTRACT In agricultural soils, a large portion of C in crop residues (i.e., non-harvested plant ... more ABSTRACT In agricultural soils, a large portion of C in crop residues (i.e., non-harvested plant parts left in the field) is annually lost to atmosphere due to the low C use metabolism of soil microorganisms adapting to the environmental stress (moisture stress and substrate C and N imbalance). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that amending soil with biosolids (treated sewage sludge with high stable organic matter and low C:N ratio) can improve the C metabolism of microorganisms in agricultural soils through alleviation of microbial stress, leading to increased sequestration of crop residue-C in agricultural soils. Biosolids were applied at a mean annual rate of 4.2 kg m−2 (dry weight) to eight agricultural fields (biosolids-amended) for 13 years (1972–1984) in western Illinois. Four agricultural fields (unamended) received chemical fertilizer as control. We measured the sequestration rate of crop residue-C in the soils over the span of 34 years (1972–2006) using a 13C technique. We found dramatically greater sequestration rate of crop residue-C in biosolids-amended soil (32.5 ± 1.7% of total crop residue-C) versus unamended soil (11.8 ± 1.6%). Soil microbial metabolic quotient was significantly lower in biosolids-amended than in unamended fields, indicating that biosolid-amendment reduced soil microbial stress and improved microbial C metabolism. The study concludes use of a soil amendment with high stable C and low C:N is a valid approach to transform agricultural soils from current C-neutral status to a C sink. Biosolids represent a good choice of such soil amendments.
ABSTRACT In agricultural soils, a large portion of C in crop residues (i.e., non-harvested plant ... more ABSTRACT In agricultural soils, a large portion of C in crop residues (i.e., non-harvested plant parts left in the field) is annually lost to atmosphere due to the low C use metabolism of soil microorganisms adapting to the environmental stress (moisture stress and substrate C and N imbalance). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that amending soil with biosolids (treated sewage sludge with high stable organic matter and low C:N ratio) can improve the C metabolism of microorganisms in agricultural soils through alleviation of microbial stress, leading to increased sequestration of crop residue-C in agricultural soils. Biosolids were applied at a mean annual rate of 4.2 kg m−2 (dry weight) to eight agricultural fields (biosolids-amended) for 13 years (1972–1984) in western Illinois. Four agricultural fields (unamended) received chemical fertilizer as control. We measured the sequestration rate of crop residue-C in the soils over the span of 34 years (1972–2006) using a 13C technique. We found dramatically greater sequestration rate of crop residue-C in biosolids-amended soil (32.5 ± 1.7% of total crop residue-C) versus unamended soil (11.8 ± 1.6%). Soil microbial metabolic quotient was significantly lower in biosolids-amended than in unamended fields, indicating that biosolid-amendment reduced soil microbial stress and improved microbial C metabolism. The study concludes use of a soil amendment with high stable C and low C:N is a valid approach to transform agricultural soils from current C-neutral status to a C sink. Biosolids represent a good choice of such soil amendments.
抄録 Application of sludges to agricultural land depressed plant growth despite its beneficial effe... more 抄録 Application of sludges to agricultural land depressed plant growth despite its beneficial effects on crop production. Hence it remained to be determined whether sludge application induced any adverse effect on crop nutrition or growth. Thus the growth response of barley ...
抄録 Application of sludges to agricultural land depressed plant growth despite its beneficial effe... more 抄録 Application of sludges to agricultural land depressed plant growth despite its beneficial effects on crop production. Hence it remained to be determined whether sludge application induced any adverse effect on crop nutrition or growth. Thus the growth response of barley ...
抄録 Application of sludges to agricultural land depressed plant growth despite its beneficial effe... more 抄録 Application of sludges to agricultural land depressed plant growth despite its beneficial effects on crop production. Hence it remained to be determined whether sludge application induced any adverse effect on crop nutrition or growth. Thus the growth response of barley ...
ABSTRACT The optical characteristics of humic acids (HAs) and degree of humification of humic sub... more ABSTRACT The optical characteristics of humic acids (HAs) and degree of humification of humic substances in Albaquults, Dystrochrepts, and Histosols of a perhumid forest in Taiwan were studied. Values of the humification indexes (E4/E6 ratios) of both the total soil extract and HA fractions gave similar results in the case of surface layers (0 horizons), whereas in the case of the mineral horizons, those of the total soil extract were not significantly correlated with the results obtained for the HA fraction. The profile distribution of the values of the FA/HA ratio increased from top to bottom, indicating that the FAs (fulvic acids) were more mobile than the HAs and accumulated in deeper mineral horizons. The pronounced migration of the FAs contributed to the lower degree of humification of humic substances in the mineral horizons. The ΔlogK and RF values of the HAs showed that the HAs in the mineral horizons of the soils were less humified (classified as Rp type) than those of the 0 horizons (classified as Rp or P type). The predominance of the P type of HAs in this studied site suggests that there is a high degree of humification in perhumid forest soils which are with high rainfall and extreme acidity. There is no significant effect of topography on the type of HAs that developed along the slope sites.
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