Chengli liu

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Kim M Cohen

Utrecht University

Syed Humayun Akhter

University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Alexandros Chatzipetros

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

Leonardo García Sanjuán

Universidad de Sevilla

Dr. Kartic Bera

Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta

sabina porfido

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)

Beata Gruszka

Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań

Amin E Khalil

Helwan University

Atikul Haque Farazi

University of Barisal

Przemysław Kupidura

Warsaw University of Technology

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Papers by Chengli liu

Integrated Analysis of the 2020 Mw 7.4 La Crucecita, Oaxaca, Mexico, Earthquake from Joint Inversion of Geodetic and Seismic Observations

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 2022

On 23 June 2020, a major thrust faulting earthquake ruptured the megathrust near a sharp transiti... more On 23 June 2020, a major thrust faulting earthquake ruptured the megathrust near a sharp transition of the plate boundary beneath the Mexico subduction zone, overlapping the rupture area of the 1965 Mw 7.5 (Ms 7.6) event. A joint inversion of geodetic and seismic observations and prediction of coastal uplifts indicate a compact rupture with a peak slip of ∼3.6 m. The cumulative seismic moment is 1.41×1020 N·m within 20 s of coseismic rupture, giving a moment magnitude of Mw 7.4. The rupture propagated with a relatively high rupture speed (∼3.5 km/s) downdip at depths from 20 to 30 km, terminating at the edge of a slow slip region. The energy-related static stress drop is ∼8.1 MPa. The aftershock distribution and the region where slow slip events occurred show a clear complementary relationship with the coseismic rupture zone of the 2020 Oaxaca event. The high-stress drop and associated deep compact rupture pattern suggest a homogeneous asperity with high strength beneath the Oaxaca...

Overlapped Postseismic Deformation Caused by Afterslip and Viscoelastic Relaxation Following the 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha (Nepal) Earthquake

Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2021

By accommodating ∼50% of the India-Eurasia plate convergence, the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT) is ... more By accommodating ∼50% of the India-Eurasia plate convergence, the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT) is considered to be a seismogenic zone with potential for generating large earthquakes . The recent 2015 Gorkha earthquake partly ruptured a known seismic gap on the central MHT between the 1505 M 8.5 earthquake to the west and the 1934 M 8.2 earthquake to the east (Figure ). Seismological studies reveal that the rupture of the Gorkha earthquake initiated 15-18 km beneath the Gorkha region, then propagated eastward for ∼140 km (e.g., . Geodetic slip models indicate that coseismic slip of the earthquake was concentrated on the subhorizontal décollement at a depth of 10-15 km, whereas the shallow portion of the fault remains unbroken (e.g., . After the event, significant postseismic surface deformation has been observed by Global Positioning System (GPS) and InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) techniques (e.g., . Based on these postseismic observations, several previous studies have investigated two main mechanisms: afterslip and viscoelastic relaxation. Postseismic deformation in early periods is mostly attributed to afterslip at the downdip extension of the coseismic slip (

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The 29 July 2021 M W 8.2 Chignik, Alaska Peninsula Earthquake Rupture Inferred from Seismic and Geodetic Observations: Re‐rupture of the Western 2/3 of the 1938 Rupture Zone

Geophysical Research Letters, 2022

Seismic and Geodetic Analysis of Rupture Characteristics of the 2020 Mw 6.5 Monte Cristo Range, Nevada, Earthquake

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 2021

The largest earthquake since 1954 to strike the state of Nevada, United States, ruptured on 15 Ma... more The largest earthquake since 1954 to strike the state of Nevada, United States, ruptured on 15 May 2020 along the Monte Cristo range of west-central Nevada. The Mw 6.5 event involved predominantly left-lateral strike-slip faulting with minor normal components on three aligned east–west-trending faults that vary in strike by 23°. The kinematic rupture process is determined by joint inversion of Global Navigation Satellite Systems displacements, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data, regional strong motions, and teleseismic P and SH waves, with the three-fault geometry being constrained by InSAR surface deformation observations, surface ruptures, and relocated aftershock distributions. The average rupture velocity is 1.5 km/s, with a peak slip of ∼1.6 m and a ∼20 s rupture duration. The seismic moment is 6.9×1018 N·m. Complex surface deformation is observed near the fault junction, with a deep near-vertical fault and a southeast-dipping fault at shallow depth on th...

Additional file 7 of Transcriptomic analysis of flower induction for long-day pitaya by supplementary lighting in short-day winter season

Additional file 7: Supplemental S7. NL-VS-L1 GO Enrichment (Cellular Component).

Additional file 4 of Transcriptomic analysis of flower induction for long-day pitaya by supplementary lighting in short-day winter season

Additional file 4: Supplemental S4. NL-VS-L0 GO Enrichment (Cellular Component).

Additional file 12 of Transcriptomic analysis of flower induction for long-day pitaya by supplementary lighting in short-day winter season

Additional file 12: Supplemental S12. A flowchart of the RNAseq process.

Additional file 10 of Transcriptomic analysis of flower induction for long-day pitaya by supplementary lighting in short-day winter season

Additional file 10: Supplemental S10. The DEGs of CO and FT.

Additional file 9 of Transcriptomic analysis of flower induction for long-day pitaya by supplementary lighting in short-day winter season

Additional file 9: Supplemental S9. The DEGs related to plant hormone.

The expression of B7-H3 and B7-H4 in human gallbladder carcinoma and their clinical implications

European review for medical and pharmacological sciences, 2016

OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of B7-H3 and B7-H4 and their clinical implications in hum... more OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of B7-H3 and B7-H4 and their clinical implications in human gallbladder carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS The expression of B7-H3 and B7-H4 in the 252 samples (126 cases of chronic cholecystitis and 126 cases of gallbladder cancer) was detected by the streptavidin-peroxidase immunohistochemical method, and their associations with tumor classification, clinical grade, and recurrence were assessed. RESULTS In chronic cholecystitis tissue, B7-H3 and B7-H4 were not detected. In 126 cases of gallbladder carcinoma, the positive rates of B7-H3 and B7-H4 expression were 66.67% and 69.05% respectively (p < 0.05). The positive rate of B7-H3 in the primary-onset group was 53.57%, and that in recurrence group was 92.86% (p < 0.05). The positive rate of B7-H4 in the primary-onset group was 85.19%, and that in recurrence group was 40.00% (p < 0.05). Expression of B7-H3 was consistent with B7-H4 expression in gallbladder carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS B7-H3 a...

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Towards combining multiple geophysical datasets to determine earthquake source parameters in China

Science China Earth Sciences, 2016

Earthquake source parameters, including magnitude, location, focal mechanism, rupture process are... more Earthquake source parameters, including magnitude, location, focal mechanism, rupture process are key factors for understanding seismogenic environment, mitigating seismic hazards, estimating earthquake triggering, and tectonic analysis. Traditionally, source parameters are determined by seismological methods. For example, Fang L H et al. (2014) relocated the 2012 Ms6.6 Xinjiang Xinyuan earthquake sequence using local seismograms based on the double difference method, and obtained the distribution of aftershocks with horizontal errors of about 0.1 km, which demonstrates the capability of seismological methods in resolving certain source parameters. However, source parameters determined by seismic data alone may suffer from the problems of non-uniqueness or large uncertainties. For example, a lot of kinematic rupture models with significant differences were proposed shortly after the occurrences of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and the 2013 Lushan earthquake. These discrepancies are m...

Molecular characterization and expression analysis of pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) HpLRR genes in response to Neoscytalidium dimidiatum infection

BMC Plant Biology, 2020

Background Canker disease caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum is a devastating disease resulting ... more Background Canker disease caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum is a devastating disease resulting in a major loss to the pitaya industry. However, resistance proteins in plants play crucial roles to against pathogen infection. Among resistance proteins, the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein is a major family that plays crucial roles in plant growth, development, and biotic and abiotic stress responses, especially in disease defense. Results In the present study, a transcriptomics analysis identified a total of 272 LRR genes, 233 of which had coding sequences (CDSs), in the plant pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) in response to fungal Neoscytalidium dimidiatum infection. These genes were divided into various subgroups based on specific domains and phylogenetic analysis. Molecular characterization, functional annotation of proteins, and an expression analysis of the LRR genes were conducted. Additionally, four LRR genes (CL445.Contig4_All, Unigene28_All, CL28.Contig2_All, and Unigene2712_...

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Slip rate of the seismogenic fault of the 2021 Maduo earthquake in western China inferred from GPS observations

Science China Earth Sciences, 2021

Seismic and field observations indicate that the Mw7.4 Maduo earthquake ruptured the Jiangcuo fau... more Seismic and field observations indicate that the Mw7.4 Maduo earthquake ruptured the Jiangcuo fault, which is a secondary fault ∼85 km south of the northern boundary of the Bayan Hor block in western China. The kinematic characteristics of the Jiangcuo fault can shed lights on the seismogenic mechanism of this earthquake. Slip rate is one of the key parameters to describe the kinematic features of a fault, which can also provide quantitative evidences for regional seismic hazard assessments. However, due to lack of effective observations, the slip rate of the Jiangcuo fault has not been studied quantitatively. In this study, we consider the interaction between the Jiangcuo fault and the eastern Kunlun fault, and estimate the slip rates of the two faults using the interseismic GPS observations across the seismogenic region. The inferred results show that the slip rates of the Jiangcuo fault and the Tuosuo Lake segment of the Kunlun fault are 1.2±0.8 and 5.4±0.3 mm a−1, respectively. Combining the slip rate with the average slip inferred from the coseismic slip model, the earthquake recurrence interval of the Jiangcuo fault is estimated to be 1800−700+3700 years (1100–5500 years). Based on the results derived from previous studies, as well as calculations in this study, we infer that the slip rate of the Kunlun fault may decrease gradually from the Tuosuo Lake segment to the eastern tip. The Jiangcuo fault and its adjacent parallel secondary faults may have absorbed the relative motion of blocks together with the Kunlun fault.

Source Process of the 24 January 2020 Mw 6.7 East Anatolian Fault Zone, Turkey, Earthquake

Seismological Research Letters, 2020

The 24 January 2020 Mw 6.7 earthquake in eastern Turkey was due to the reactivation of the strike... more The 24 January 2020 Mw 6.7 earthquake in eastern Turkey was due to the reactivation of the strike-slip faulting between the Arabian and Anatolian plates. To gain insight into the source regime and its relationship with historical earthquakes, we determined the coseismic slip distribution of this event by joint analyses of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar and teleseismic observations. Inversion results indicate that the main rupture asperity occurred in the southwest of the epicenter with a maximum slip of ∼1.9 m, showing a bilateral source process with an average rupture velocity of ∼1.6 km/s, and small slip extended to the surface near the epicenter. The estimated seismic moment is 1.4×1019 N·m, associated with a ∼50 km long and ∼15 km wide fault plane. The aftershocks distribution is obviously complementary with the coseismic rupture zone. That is, the majority of aftershocks clustered in the transitional regions from the large to small slip areas. The 2020 earthquake...

Differential Expression Analysis of Genes Related to Flesh Color in Hylocereu polyrhizus and Hylocereu undatus

Molecular Plant Breeding, 2021

Pitaya is a burgeoningly tropical fruit, there are two common varieties, red peel with red pulp a... more Pitaya is a burgeoningly tropical fruit, there are two common varieties, red peel with red pulp and red peel with white pulp. To investigate the reason of different colors in two kinds of pitaya, explore differencially expressed genes (DEGs), in this study, we profiled transcriptome in flesh of two varieties (Hylocereu polyrhizus and Hylocereu undatus) in green stage and mature stage respectively. 53 240 reads with high quality were obtained. Analysing the DEGs, we found there were bigger differences in different stage rather than different variety. Gene ontology (GO) functional analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were adopted in R1 VS R3 and W3 VS W3. Through GO analysis, we found many genes enriched in protein binding transcription factor activity in molecule founction. Through KEGG pathway analysis, we found most genes were enriched in biosynthesis of secondary metabolism, amino acid and nucleic acid metabolism, and tyrosine metabolism. In addintion, tyrosine was the precursor of betalaines. In conclusion, the development of Hylocereu polyrhizus accompanying by the synthesis of a large amount of betalaines, tyrosine played a key role as a precursor, and the synthesis of this pigment required a mass of amino acids, enzymes, and transcription factors. Betalaines synthesis pathway has not cleared yet, this study explored key genes related to betalaines synthesis and provided useful information for optimizing the betalaines synthesis pathway, which was the basis of later experiments. Keywords Flesh color development of pitaya; RNA-Seq; Differentially expressed genes; Betalaines Pitaya is a plant belonging to Cactaceae Hylocereus. It originated from Central America, such as Costa Rica, Mexico and Colombia (Shen et al., 2015). There is large-scale cultivation in Hainan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Yunnan, Guizhou and Taiwan in China. The fruit is rich in betalanins, vegetable albumin, Vc and dietary fiber, which integrates edible, ornamental and medicinal values, and is very popular all over the world.

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Rupture process of the 7 January 2020, M W 6.4 Puerto Rico earthquake

Geophysical Research Letters, 2020

Interactions of Earthquakes in Central Italy over the Past 100 Yr through Coulomb Stress Changes, and Implications for Seismic Hazards

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 2020

Italy has a historical earthquake record that is complete for events with a magnitude above 5.8 s... more Italy has a historical earthquake record that is complete for events with a magnitude above 5.8 since A.D. 1349, making it possible to study Coulomb failure stress changes (ΔCFS) over a long period. In this study, we investigated the interactions between moderate-to-large earthquakes through ΔCFS over 100 yr in central Italy. This region is characterized by intense seismicity with predominantly extensional components. Hence, earthquake hazard assessment is of great public concern. Besides, earthquake interactions on normal faults are relatively less studied compared to reverse and strike-slip faults. ΔCFS calculations in this study incorporated both coseismic stress transfer and postseismic viscoelastic relaxation, and found the epicenters of 13 out of 15 events located in positively stressed lobes induced by previous earthquakes, confirming a correlation between the ΔCFS pattern and locations of moderate-to-large earthquakes. Next, we estimated the current distribution of ΔCFS on a...

Co‐seismic rupture process of the large 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes from joint inversion of geodetic and seismological observations

Geophysical Research Letters, 2019

On 4 and 6 July 2019, two large strike-slip earthquakes with W-phase moment magnitudes M WW 6.5 (... more On 4 and 6 July 2019, two large strike-slip earthquakes with W-phase moment magnitudes M WW 6.5 (foreshock) and M WW 7.1 (mainshock) struck the Eastern California Shear Zone, northeast of Ridgecrest. The faulting geometry and kinematic coseismic slip distribution of both events are determined by jointly inverting seismological and geodetic observations guided by aftershock and surface rupture locations. The foreshock ruptured two orthogonal faults with a prominent L-shaped geometry with maximum slip of ~1.1 m on the NE-SW segment. The mainshock faulting extended NW-SE along several primary fault segments that straddle the foreshock slip. The surface rupture and slip model indicate mostly near-horizontal strike-slip motion with maximum slip of ~3.7 m, but there is a localized vertical dip-slip motion. Both the foreshock and mainshock ruptures terminate in regions of complex surface offsets. High aftershock productivity and low rupture velocity may be the result of rupture of a relatively immature fault system.

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Differential responses of the soil microbial community in two pitaya orchards with different mulch types

Scientific Reports, 2019

To prevent plants from being damaged due to extreme temperature and sunlight, the pitaya orchards... more To prevent plants from being damaged due to extreme temperature and sunlight, the pitaya orchards in Hainan Province, China, are increasingly adopting living and black fabric cloth mulching. In this study, an Illumina Hiseq sequencer was employed to compare the soil microbial communities of two pitaya orchards, one covered by living mulching (LM) and the other covered by black fabric cloth (FC). Bacterial abundance was higher in the LM orchard than in the FC orchard (1.19 × 10 4 versus 4.49 × 10 4 g -1 soil). In contrast, fungal abundance was higher in the FC orchard than in the LM orchard (2.71 × 10 6 versus 2.97 × 10 5 g -1 soil). We also found that the most dominant species in the FC orchard were from the genus Neoscytalidium, which included species that could cause infection in a large variety of plant hosts. However, the LM orchard mainly harbored useful fungal species, such as Trichoderma and Chaetomium. Soil nutrients were positively correlated in the FC orchard, which potentially indicated that the FC orchard could demonstrate better fertilizer utilization efficiency. However, the LM and FC strategies have both advantages and disadvantages with regards to the cultivation management of pitaya orchards.

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Intraslab Deformation in the 30 November 2018 Anchorage, Alaska, M W 7.1 Earthquake

Geophysical Research Letters, 2019

Anchorage, Alaska, was strongly shaken on 30 November 2018 by an M W 7.1 earthquake that ruptured... more Anchorage, Alaska, was strongly shaken on 30 November 2018 by an M W 7.1 earthquake that ruptured within the underthrust Pacific plate at depths of from 45 to 65 km. Ground failures occurred in saturated lowlands filled with sediments, producing notable road damage, but there was limited structural damage in Anchorage, only~12 km south of the epicenter. The earthquake has a normal faulting geometry with a shallowly dipping east-west tension axis indicating intraslab deformation, likely between the underthrust Yakutat terrane and adjacent Pacific seafloor. Separate and joint inversions of teleseismic P and SH waves, regional strong ground motions, and GPS static displacements provide a weak preference for a westward steeply dipping rupture plane with up to 2 m of slip distributed over a single slip patch with dimensions of 20 × 20 km. The~12 s long rupture expanded northward. Aftershocks occur at shallower depths than the mainshock slip zone. Plain Language Summary The earthquake that struck on 30 November 2018, causing damage in Anchorage, Alaska, involved a fault rupture within the Pacific plate, which is sinking into the mantle beneath Alaska along the convergence zone between the Pacific and North American plates. Anchorage was seriously damaged during the great 1964 Alaska earthquake, which had a magnitude of 9.2 and resulted from sudden sliding on the shallow plate boundary; far less damage was produced by the 2018 event, which had a magnitude of 7.1 and involved deeper deformation of the underthrust slab. There is a lateral change in the dip of the sinking plate with the thick, relatively buoyant oceanic plateau called the Yakutat terrane having shallow dip to the east of the earthquake while normal thickness oceanic crust dips more steeply to the west. The 2018 event was located in the central region of the slab distortion. Intraslab events of this type present significant earthquake hazard, but it is difficult to determine their likelihood of occurrence.