Papers by Kerry Carrington
International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, Dec 1, 2016
This general edition of the journal includes articles from across the globe. The first article is... more This general edition of the journal includes articles from across the globe. The first article is by Walter DeKeseredy who received the Career Achievement Award from the American Society of Criminology (Division on Victimology) at its annual in Washington in November this year. The award recognises Walter's long list of achievements in producing high quality impact research about violence against women. His article in this edition advances critical criminological understanding of the racist and violent nature of contemporary adult pornography. The next article is co-authored by a team of scholars from the USA and Slovenia: Staci Strobl, Nickie Philips, Emmanuel Banutai and Danielle Reynolds. It is an innovative piece based on the qualitative study of a post-conflict restoration process between Roma and police in a Solvenian Roma village through the making of the film Shanghai Gypsy (2012). Their research explored how the film production enabled the two groups formerly in conflict to re-engage in 'new modes of communication, improved interpersonal relationships', with this aiding mutual understanding. They established that the film was regarded by participants as 'a powerful means of generating Roma cultural awareness'. There may be some broader lessons here for restorative justice through art and media in other contexts. Based on an observational study of more than 30 inter-agency meetings, 15 interviews and two focus groups with diverse local workers, Garner Clancy from the Institute of Criminology, University of Sydney, sought to understand how local community workers conceptualise crime causation and prevention. His research findings point to the resilience of penal-welfarism in Australia and the dominance of social-welfare approaches to crime prevention. How to prevent crime is a topic of significant interest to a wide range of readers in criminal justice policy. This article adds to our knowledge about the effectiveness or otherwise of crime prevention programs.
Early during the pandemic, Australian healthcare and women’s safety professionals predicted an “i... more Early during the pandemic, Australian healthcare and women’s safety professionals predicted an “impending increase” in domestic violence (Foster, 2020; Hegarty & Tarzia, 2020). Advocates also reported concerns about increased complexities and challenges in assisting victims/survivors amidst COVID-19 (Foster, 2020). On the strength of these concerns, a research team from the Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Centre for Justice conducted a nation-wide survey on the impact of COVID-19 on the domestic and family violence (DFV) workforce. Our survey aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the domestic violence workforce and their clients. The survey opened on 9 June 2020 and closed on 31 August 2020. Findings based on survey data from 362 participants from the domestic family violence (DFV) sector, including 1,507 qualitative responses, confirm the concerns raised early in the COVID-19 pandemic. A huge proportion, 86% of respondents to our survey, reported an increase in the complexity of their client needs, 62% reported increases in the number of clients accessing their services during the COVID-19 pandemic, while 67% reported new clients seeking their help for the first time during the COVID-19 crisis. They also reported increases in controlling behaviours, such as isolation (87%), increased sense of vulnerability (70%), inability to seek outside help (64%), forced to co-habitat with abuser during lockdown (62%), increased fear of monitoring by abuser (49%), increased surveillance (47%) and increased use of technology to intimidate (38%) (see Figure 1). Our report concludes that perpetrators are weaponising COVID-19 lockdown conditions to enhance their coercive and controlling behaviours. Our survey asked the DFV workforce what extra resources they needed to better cope with a crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic in the future. They emphasised the need for: • more staff, better technology, technology support and training for workers and clients; • more thorough and better technology safety checks for clients; • more Safe Connection mobile phones for clients and better internet connectivity; • more government funding for crisis and emergency supplies; • more government funding for emergency and long-term accommodation and housing; • transport for home delivery of services; • the continuation of tele-health provisions; • the continuation of online access to courts and justice services; and • more resources for male perpetrator programs (especially for Indigenous men). They also need systems to be flexible, especially courts and magistrates, and they called for improved policing, and better communication and translation services and supports for Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) communities
Palgrave Macmillan eBooks, Aug 19, 2013
Australia is one of the most multicultural countries in the world. Statistics indicate that aroun... more Australia is one of the most multicultural countries in the world. Statistics indicate that around one quarter of the Australian population were born overseas and almost half (around 40%) have at least one parent born overseas. This is the broad context that frames the importance of comprehending the scale and nature of the social costs and benefits of migration into Australia. Using the four capitals framework for measuring Australia’s progress, this study has synthesised a vast amount of evidence relevant to the topic. It has consolidated material from 49 different data sets and a large volume of existing although disparate research. Furthermore, original empirical material has been gathered through four community studies, two in regional Australia and two in metropolitan cities on the East Coast of the continent. The main conclusion to be drawn from this study is that the social benefits of migration far outweigh the costs, especially in the longer term. The evidence that is available overwhelmingly supports the view that migrants to Australia have made and continue to make substantial contributions to Australia’s stock of human, social and produced capital. Most migrants have come to Australia to work, produce, and fill skills shortages. In addition, migrants are generally healthier than the resident population providing a further boost to human capital stocks. The migrant presence has also substantially increased the range and viability of available recreational and cultural activities for all Australians. Australia is characterised by relatively high levels of inter-marriage between migrants and the Australia-born, and this fact alone is evidence of the success of migration outcomes. These factors encourage most migrants to embrace Australian society, its political and cultural norms and to participate in various aspects of community life.
En el Sur Global abundan cuestiones vitales para la investigacion criminologica y de relevancia p... more En el Sur Global abundan cuestiones vitales para la investigacion criminologica y de relevancia politica, con importantes implicancias para las relaciones Sur/Norte y para la seguridad y la justicia globales. Contar con un marco teorico capaz de apreciar la importancia de esta dinamica global contribuira para que la criminologia pueda entender mejor los desafios del presente y del futuro. Empleamos la teoria del Sur de una manera reflexiva para dilucidar las relaciones de poder enraizadas en la produccion jerarquica de conocimiento criminologico que privilegia teorias, supuestos y metodos basados en las especificidades empiricas del Norte Global. Nuestro proposito no es desestimar los avances teoricos y empiricos realizados sino, en forma mas productiva, descolonizar y democratizar la caja de herramientas criminologicas disponibles. Como una forma de ilustrar como la Criminologia del Sur podria ser util para contribuir a informar mejor las respuestas a la justicia y la seguridad globales, este articulo examina tres proyectos distintos que podrian ser desarrollados bajo esta rubrica. Estos incluyen, en primer lugar, ciertas formas y patrones de delitos especificos de la periferia global; en segundo lugar, los patrones distintivos de genero y delito en el Sur Global; y, finalmente, las peculiaridades historicas y contemporaneas de la penalidad en el Sur Global y sus vinculos historicos con el colonialismo y la construccion del imperio.
Routledge eBooks, Apr 26, 2023
The British Journal of Social Work
The COVID-19 pandemic led to increases in family violence in Australia and elsewhere. In response... more The COVID-19 pandemic led to increases in family violence in Australia and elsewhere. In response, organisations in the domestic and family violence (DFV) sector, had to adapt to the emerging public health measures and worked collaboratively to protect the most vulnerable in the community. These services, including courts, rapidly transformed their methods of service delivery that are likely to continue for some time. But what have been the implications/impacts of these rapid changes on the DFV service sector in Australia? How have these impacts informed the future needs of the DFV sector? And what is needed to strengthen this community sector of the future? This article reports on the findings of a national research project examining the impacts of COVID-19 on the DFV service sector and the adaptations and innovations that emerged in response. The study highlights that the surge in demand for services put pressure on an already overwhelmed workforce/service sector and provided an o...
Theoretical Criminology
Women’s entry into policing, a traditionally masculine occupation, has been theorized almost enti... more Women’s entry into policing, a traditionally masculine occupation, has been theorized almost entirely through a liberal feminist theoretical lens where equality with men is the end target. From this theoretical viewpoint, women’s police stations in the Global South established specifically to respond to gender violence have been conceptualized as relics from the past. We argue that this approach is based on a global epistemology that privileges the Global North as the normative benchmark from which to define progress. Framed by southern criminology, we offer an alternative way of theorizing the progress of women in policing using women’s police stations that emerged in Latin America in the 1980s, specifically those in the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Ministério Público do Distrito Federal e Territórios, Jan 6, 2021
This collection is the result of an initiative of several researchers who are part of a collabora... more This collection is the result of an initiative of several researchers who are part of a collaborative research network between Brazil and Australia in the area of gender-based violence. This publication is supported by the following institutions: United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women) – Brazil Country Office Public Prosecutor’s Office of the Federal District of Brazil – MPDFT School of the Union’s Public Prosecutor Office in Brazil – ESMPU UniCEUB - Law School, Research Group on Criminal Policy Monash University – Monash Gender and Family Violence Prevention Centre Queensland University of Technology – Centre for Justice Australian Embassy in Brazil This collection consolidates the results achieved by the exchange project, and systematises the key discussions and lessons learnt from Brazilian and Australian experts and practitioners dedicated to preventing gender-based violence on a daily basis. We hope this initiative fosters a collaborative research network, engaging researchers, practitioners and institutions from both countries, and creates an opportunity to further develop innovative public policies to prevent domestic and gender-based violence. The articles selected cover a wide range of topics, organized in five sessions. The first section is dedicated to the debate about economic, political and legal frameworks design and implemention of gender-based violence prevention policies. Understanding the organizational culture of each countries’ institutions and the basis upon which the debates have been built is essential to assure the success of any new policy or program. 18 REFLECTIONS ON PREVENTION POLICIES FOR GENDER BASED VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND GIRLS: DEBATES IN BRAZIL AND AUSTRALIA The second section brings in-depth discussion in relation to prevention policies implemented both in Brazil and in Australia. It is organized by thematic areas and reflects the categorisation of policies, as primary, secondary and tertiary prevention policies. The third section is dedicated to exploring intersectionalities of gender and family violence prevention policies, and especially how to nuance its implementation to support racialised and marginalised groups of women. This subject is central to decision-makers who need to adapt a policy to target specific locations or community groups. The fourth section reflects a growing concern related to virtual violence and the use of technology in gender-based violence. Though requiring further research, the experts contributing to this collection decided to highlight this new form of gender-based violence. The final section analyses best practice gender and family violence prevention policies and programs, which can serve as inspiration for practitioners and decision-makers in their aim of and everyday activities preventing gender-based violence. This document is produced in two identical versions, in Portuguese and English, in order to maximize the exchange of ideas between Brazil and Australia and, hopefully, inspire positive experiences in other countries as well. We hope that this collection of articles may serve to enrich the debate on gender-based violence, enhance practices adopted in Brazil and in Australia, and further strenghten laces of cooperation in academic and technical fields. SECTION 1 - Frameworks to Approach Gender Based Violence Against Women and Girls Prevention Policies 1.1 – The Federative Pact and Prevention Policies to Face Violence Against Women: a compared approach between Brazil and Australia Ana Paula Antunes Martins, Cristina Elsner de Faria, Henrique Marques Ribeiro and Renato Saeger Magalhães Costa 1.2 - Policy Development/Co-ordination in a Federal Context: Australian Perspective Heather Nancarrow 1.3 - Measuring Economic Costs of Violence Against Women Heather Nancarrow 1.4 - Why Economists should Study Domestic Violence? José Raimundo Carvalho and Victor Hugo de Oliveira 1.5 - Brazilian and Australian Frameworks for Preventing and Responding to Family Violence, Particularly Intimate Partner Violence and Femicide Jude McCulloch, Jasmine McGowan and JaneMaree Maher 1.6 - Talking about Prevention in Brazil and Australia: Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Approaches Wania Pasinato and Thiago Pierobom de Ávila SECTION 2 – Prevention Policies: Thematic Areas 2.1 - Education Gisella Lopes Gomes Pinto Ferreira 2.2 - Social Assistance and Violence Against Women in Brazil Fabrícia da Hora Pereira and Mariana Fernandes Távora 2.3 - Public Shelter Policies for Brazilian Women Liz Elainne de Silvério e Oliveira Mendes 2.4 - Health Policies and Violence Against Women in Brazil: Normative Framework for Prevention and Challenges Tais Cerqueira Silva and Mariana Fernandes Távora 2.5 - Women’s Police Stations: Unique Innovations from the Global South Kerry Carrington 2.6 - Specialised Domestic Violence Courts: The Australian Perspective Heather Douglas and Sophie Blatcher 2.7 - Programs for Perpetrators of…
Liquid criminology: Doing imaginative criminological research, 2017
One of the defining characteristics of criminology is its lack of a stable referent. Crime has no... more One of the defining characteristics of criminology is its lack of a stable referent. Crime has no singular unifying or universal essence. It is a signifier of historically and culturally contingent designations of deviance. Crime and criminality are thus variably represented as labels, offences, acts, stigmas, symbols, creations of social control, legal fictions, markers of non-belonging or badges of resistance. This inherit instability of criminology’s referent is now more pronounced than ever before as the editors to this volume remind us in their introduction to Liquid Criminology. This chapter examines how the politics of criminological research has been meld-ed by the shifts in intellectual currents from deviance theories, critical, feminist and now southern criminologies. The chapter argues that choice of method for doing imaginative critical scholarship has blossomed, especially with the creation of the internet and the instantaneous global production and dissemination of knowledges. Method is now largely a practical and not a political matter, shaped only by the criminological imagination. The politics of research re-mains deeply enmeshed however in the shaping and scoping of research topics which are still seldom transparent except in reflexive research designs. What research questions attract funding, what theories shape the research framework, what is worthy of study and what is not all invariably involve some form of political calculation. The chapter concludes with some case studies of imaginative criminological research using on-line methodologies.
Police Practice and Research, 2022
Women’s police stations that are designed to receive victims of gender-based violence first emerg... more Women’s police stations that are designed to receive victims of gender-based violence first emerged in Latin America in the 1980s. In Argentina, these stations have unique aspects like multidisciplinary staffing that could guide responses elsewhere. Police responses to domestic and family violence (DFV) in Australia have continually failed victims and require much improvement. Responses combining police and other services are not completely alien to Australia, and are not too dissimilar from women’s police stations. We undertook a survey of Australian police (n = 78) to assess which aspects of Argentina’s stations could inform new approaches to DFV policing. Our survey finds that Australian police support some aspects of this approach to policing DFV, such as multidisciplinary stations (74%). There was significantly less support for stations staffed predominantly by women (19%). Combined with review of evaluations of Australian co-locational responses, research implications for practice suggest a broader trial of co-locational responses in Australia.
Young Australian drivers aged 17 – 25 years are overwhelmingly represented in road fatalities whe... more Young Australian drivers aged 17 – 25 years are overwhelmingly represented in road fatalities where speed is a factor. In the combined LGAs of Armidale Dumaresq, Guyra, Uralla and Walcha in the 5 years 1999-2003 inclusive, 43% of speeding related casualty crashes involved a young driver aged less than 25 years. This is despite the fact that the 17-25 age group account for only 25% of the driving population in this area. Young male drivers account for the majority of these crashes and also tend to have a higher number of driving offences and accrue more penalties for road traffic offences, especially speeding. By analysing data from questionnaires by male and female participants this research project has been able to evaluate road safety advertisements to determine which ones are most effective to young drivers, what features of these advertisements are effective, how males differ from females in their receptiveness and preferences for road safety advertisements and specifically how ...
Las Comisarias de la Mujer son una innovacion particular propia del Sur Global que emergieron en ... more Las Comisarias de la Mujer son una innovacion particular propia del Sur Global que emergieron en America Latina en la segunda mitad del siglo XX para atender la violencia de genero. Desde entonces, variaciones del modelo original se han esparcidos hacia otras partes del Sur Global -como Bolivia, Ecuador, Nicaragua, Peru, y Uruguay, y mas recientemente en Sierra Leona, India, Ghana, Kosovo, Liberia, Filipinas, Sudafrica y Uganda (Jubb et al. 2010). Tal como los modelos tradicionales, atienden los 365 dias del ano, emplean efectivos policiales uniformados y armados tienen la autoridad del estado, y los mismos poderes. A diferencia de los modelos tradicionales, trabajan desde una perspectiva de genero y reciben una capacitacion especial para responder a la violencia de genero. Las Comisarias de la Mujer no lucen como el resto de las Comisarias. La mayoria se ubican en casas convertidas en Comisarias, pintadas de colores, con salas disenadas para recibir a las victimas, no ofensores, ni...
International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 2021
Prior to the COVID-19 global pandemic, domestic and family violence (DFV) had been recognised glo... more Prior to the COVID-19 global pandemic, domestic and family violence (DFV) had been recognised globally as an epidemic in its own right. Further, research has established that during times of crisis and/or after disasters, rates of DFV can escalate. The COVID-19 pandemic has been no exception, with emerging research from around the world confirming that the public health measures and social effects associated with COVID-19 have increased the frequency and severity of DFV in various countries. In contributing to this evolving body of literature, this paper reports on the findings of a national research project that examined the impact of the COVID-19 global pandemic on DFV in Australia. This nationwide survey of service providers indicates the public health responses to COVID-19 such as lockdowns and travel restrictions, while necessary to stem the pandemic, have had profound effects on increasing women’s risk and vulnerability to domestic violence, while at the same time making it mo...
Esta presentacion es relevante para el tema prioritario de la 63a reunion de la Comision sobre la... more Esta presentacion es relevante para el tema prioritario de la 63a reunion de la Comision sobre la Condicion Juridica y Social de la Mujer de la ONU, de proveer el acceso a una infraestructura sostenible para la igualdad de genero y el empoderamiento de las mujeres para eliminar la violencia contra mujeres y ninas. Primero, esbozaremos la situacion particular de la atencion policial segregada por sexo; seguidamente describimos brevemente el surgimiento de las Comisarias de Mujeres, y nos referiremos a los resultados de nuestro estudio sobre el papel de las Comisarias de Mujeres en Argentina para responder a y prevenir la violencia de genero. Finalmente, presentaremos algunas lecciones politicas y practicas para que ONU Mujeres pueda considerarlas en relacion con la consecucion del objetivo de desarrollo sostenible de la eliminacion de la violencia contra las mujeres. El estudio es financiado por el Australian Research Council (ARC) y es llevado adelante por un equipo multinacional de...
Current Issues in Criminal Justice, 1996
Critical Criminology, 2015
Historically, drug use has been understood as a problem of epidemiology, psychiatry, physiology, ... more Historically, drug use has been understood as a problem of epidemiology, psychiatry, physiology, and criminality requiring legal and medical governance. Consequently drug research tends to be underpinned by an imperative to better govern, and typically proposes policy interventions to prevent or solve drug problems. We argue that categories of 'addictive' and 'recreational' drug use are discursive forms of governance that are historically, politically and socially contingent. These constructions of the drug problem shape what drug users believe about themselves and how they enact these beliefs in their drug use practices. Based on qualitative interviews with young illicit drug users in Brisbane, Australia, this paper uses Michel Foucault's concept of governmentality to provide insights into how the governance of illicit drugs intersects with self-governance to create a drug user self. We propose a reconceptualisation of illicit drug use that takes into account the contingencies and subjective factors that shape the drug experience. This allows for an understanding of the relationships between discourses, policies, and practices in constructions of illicit drug users.
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Papers by Kerry Carrington