This chapter looks at the landscape for inclusive innovation in development in Vietnam. It offers... more This chapter looks at the landscape for inclusive innovation in development in Vietnam. It offers an overall conceptual framework used in Southeast Asia and elsewhere, and discusses how it is applied in the Vietnamese context. Despite different specifi c nuances of inclusive or social innovation, the philosophy for inclusivity of innovation activities is evident in the development process of the country. The author analyzes the Vietnamese overall practice for inclusiveness of innovation actors and shows that there are a number of policies adopted in university system that promote inclusive development. Still, this is not suffi cient, nor specifi c enough; fi nancial mechanisms, incentive systems as well as reorganization of the university structure remain to be improved. At the same time, as the cases of Hanoi Pharmaceutical University, Hanoi Architecture University, and Hoa Sen University in HoChiMinh city amply illustrate, even in a very nascent context, universities in agriculture and healthcare sectors engage in social and inclusive innovation in addressing development needs. This points to the need for more a conducive government policy environment to spearhead this process.
This study builds on the recent currents on development policy, where the focus has been put more... more This study builds on the recent currents on development policy, where the focus has been put more strongly on policy learning and transfer of good practices. This study aims in its part to enable policy learning by describing and analyzing opportunities for development. The conceptual base of this study builds on the wealth of research that points to the elemental role science, technology and innovation has played in the economic development around the world. The main proposition is that development can be in its part aided by enabling development of local innovation systems. [Continues.]
Universities and Inclusive Innovation for Development: Concepts and Practices in Vietnam
This chapter looks at the landscape for inclusive innovation in development in Vietnam. It offers... more This chapter looks at the landscape for inclusive innovation in development in Vietnam. It offers an overall conceptual framework used in Southeast Asia and elsewhere, and discusses how it is applied in the Vietnamese context. Despite different specific nuances of inclusive or social innovation, the philosophy for inclusivity of innovation activities is evident in the development process of the country. The author analyzes the Vietnamese overall practice for inclusiveness of innovation actors and shows that there are a number of policies adopted in university system that promote inclusive development. Still, this is not sufficient, nor specific enough; financial mechanisms, incentive systems as well as re-organization of the university structure remain to be improved. At the same time, as the cases of Hanoi Pharmaceutical University, Hanoi Architecture University, and Hoa Sen University in HoChiMinh city amply illustrate, even in a very nascent context, universities in agriculture a...
VNU Journal of Science: Policy and Management Studies
The paper examines the process of technology transfer from British industrial companies to Vietna... more The paper examines the process of technology transfer from British industrial companies to Vietnamese companies, to look at the obstacles of this process, especially in dealing with different business culture environments. The study uses the case studies method, conducting interviews with about ten companies working in oil and gas service industry. Since this is only a first stage of the longer term project, only preliminary results were discussed. Therefore, a company in civil engineering consulting has been examined for comparison. The paper argues that the differences in perception of the same operation activity like service in oil and gas industry are crucial factors to take into account if the transfer process is to be successful. Also, the transferor and the recipient may have different behaviour in negotiating, in communicating with each other. Thus, the preparation of background information, to do "home work", patience and pro-active attitudes in trying to understa...
This study looks at the contribution of the university system in Vietnam to the socioeconomic dev... more This study looks at the contribution of the university system in Vietnam to the socioeconomic development in general, and their relationship with firms, dynamic actors of the economy in particular. The study uses different methods of research, from reliance on secondary data to interviews with universities and survey of firms. Several case studies of the key universities in four regions have been undertaken: Hanoi in the north, Danang in the center, and Ho Chi Minh City and Cantho in the south of Vietnam. The findings show that the role of Vietnamese universities in research is much weaker than teaching, and that their contribution to the socioeconomic development of the country is limited to the production of an educated labor force rather than innovation. However, in selected universities, innovation did take place to a certain extent and brought benefits for both the universities and firms they served. This situation is explained by both the inheritance of the previous build up of the university system in Vietnam and its shift in behavior in the context of economic renovation and globalization.
Vietnamese industry considering mainly the role of foreign companies. The support of technologica... more Vietnamese industry considering mainly the role of foreign companies. The support of technological change is limited by specific disadvantages of Vietnamese environment, mainly insufficient organizational and legal shortcomings. Thus the connections between foreign and local companies did not produce expected results. The diffusion of technological skills takes place via training process, transfer of tacit and codified knowledge, spillover to local partners and influence absorption capacity of the local market. The cases of ten foreign companies from five different countries are presented. Major conclusions underline the threats of global operations of international companies when they are not supported by enlightened policies of companies and governments in host countries on one side and present the opportunities for these countries economy on the other. JEL Codes: F21, F23, O53
ESIS final report IDBM research Contents 1 Tiivistelmä 3 Excecutive Summary 5 List of Abbreviatio... more ESIS final report IDBM research Contents 1 Tiivistelmä 3 Excecutive Summary 5 List of Abbreviations 8 support the view that initially the proposed drivers hold the emergence and development of sectoral innovation systems in the observed (noted) contexts. These findings also support the (implicit) argument of this study; that taking care of these drivers will create emerging sectoral innovation systems which in turn will (eventually) result in welfare accumulation. However, we propose that the drivers can be further grouped to three meta-drivers that provide opportunities for development. The three key opportunity areas are: 1) Resource development; 2). Enhanced entrepreneurism; and 3) Good governance. From previous analysis we are able to move on to derive a series of practical opportunity areas that exist to support the innovation ecosystems in Vietnam and Tanzania. These can also be understood as possibilities to direct the current Finnish development practice towards an innovation/STI promotion mindset 1) Educating for innovation; 2) Making resources work; 3) Creating new wealth; and 4) Diffusing novelty. These areas of opportunity roughly match the aggregate drivers discussed above. The common denominator that cuts across all of the four themes is the idea of collaboration across the stakeholder groups inside the innovation ecosystem, while good governance creates stable framework conditions for all activities. As for the sectors chosen for this study, ICT makes the collaboration effective, while energy makes it possible.
Turning scientific discoveries into business opportunities is a difficult process, particularly i... more Turning scientific discoveries into business opportunities is a difficult process, particularly in high-tech related area such as bioscience and/biotechnology. In developing countries, where research conditions are much less favorable than in the industrialized world, there are many additional constraints in terms of finance, investment, and human resources. However, the production of vaccines on the basis of research and technology transfer in Vietnam shows that this is possible provided the right policy and right people are available. Relying on transfer of technology from overseas, plus a combination of domestic efforts and international cooperation on R&D, Vietnamese research institutes have turned their research into business operations and turned some scientists into a businessmen and women. This in turn, has contributed to the eradication of certain diseases and Vietnam's self-reliance of key vaccines.
This chapter looks at the landscape for inclusive innovation in development in Vietnam. It offers... more This chapter looks at the landscape for inclusive innovation in development in Vietnam. It offers an overall conceptual framework used in Southeast Asia and elsewhere, and discusses how it is applied in the Vietnamese context. Despite different specifi c nuances of inclusive or social innovation, the philosophy for inclusivity of innovation activities is evident in the development process of the country. The author analyzes the Vietnamese overall practice for inclusiveness of innovation actors and shows that there are a number of policies adopted in university system that promote inclusive development. Still, this is not suffi cient, nor specifi c enough; fi nancial mechanisms, incentive systems as well as reorganization of the university structure remain to be improved. At the same time, as the cases of Hanoi Pharmaceutical University, Hanoi Architecture University, and Hoa Sen University in HoChiMinh city amply illustrate, even in a very nascent context, universities in agriculture and healthcare sectors engage in social and inclusive innovation in addressing development needs. This points to the need for more a conducive government policy environment to spearhead this process.
This study builds on the recent currents on development policy, where the focus has been put more... more This study builds on the recent currents on development policy, where the focus has been put more strongly on policy learning and transfer of good practices. This study aims in its part to enable policy learning by describing and analyzing opportunities for development. The conceptual base of this study builds on the wealth of research that points to the elemental role science, technology and innovation has played in the economic development around the world. The main proposition is that development can be in its part aided by enabling development of local innovation systems. [Continues.]
Universities and Inclusive Innovation for Development: Concepts and Practices in Vietnam
This chapter looks at the landscape for inclusive innovation in development in Vietnam. It offers... more This chapter looks at the landscape for inclusive innovation in development in Vietnam. It offers an overall conceptual framework used in Southeast Asia and elsewhere, and discusses how it is applied in the Vietnamese context. Despite different specific nuances of inclusive or social innovation, the philosophy for inclusivity of innovation activities is evident in the development process of the country. The author analyzes the Vietnamese overall practice for inclusiveness of innovation actors and shows that there are a number of policies adopted in university system that promote inclusive development. Still, this is not sufficient, nor specific enough; financial mechanisms, incentive systems as well as re-organization of the university structure remain to be improved. At the same time, as the cases of Hanoi Pharmaceutical University, Hanoi Architecture University, and Hoa Sen University in HoChiMinh city amply illustrate, even in a very nascent context, universities in agriculture a...
VNU Journal of Science: Policy and Management Studies
The paper examines the process of technology transfer from British industrial companies to Vietna... more The paper examines the process of technology transfer from British industrial companies to Vietnamese companies, to look at the obstacles of this process, especially in dealing with different business culture environments. The study uses the case studies method, conducting interviews with about ten companies working in oil and gas service industry. Since this is only a first stage of the longer term project, only preliminary results were discussed. Therefore, a company in civil engineering consulting has been examined for comparison. The paper argues that the differences in perception of the same operation activity like service in oil and gas industry are crucial factors to take into account if the transfer process is to be successful. Also, the transferor and the recipient may have different behaviour in negotiating, in communicating with each other. Thus, the preparation of background information, to do "home work", patience and pro-active attitudes in trying to understa...
This study looks at the contribution of the university system in Vietnam to the socioeconomic dev... more This study looks at the contribution of the university system in Vietnam to the socioeconomic development in general, and their relationship with firms, dynamic actors of the economy in particular. The study uses different methods of research, from reliance on secondary data to interviews with universities and survey of firms. Several case studies of the key universities in four regions have been undertaken: Hanoi in the north, Danang in the center, and Ho Chi Minh City and Cantho in the south of Vietnam. The findings show that the role of Vietnamese universities in research is much weaker than teaching, and that their contribution to the socioeconomic development of the country is limited to the production of an educated labor force rather than innovation. However, in selected universities, innovation did take place to a certain extent and brought benefits for both the universities and firms they served. This situation is explained by both the inheritance of the previous build up of the university system in Vietnam and its shift in behavior in the context of economic renovation and globalization.
Vietnamese industry considering mainly the role of foreign companies. The support of technologica... more Vietnamese industry considering mainly the role of foreign companies. The support of technological change is limited by specific disadvantages of Vietnamese environment, mainly insufficient organizational and legal shortcomings. Thus the connections between foreign and local companies did not produce expected results. The diffusion of technological skills takes place via training process, transfer of tacit and codified knowledge, spillover to local partners and influence absorption capacity of the local market. The cases of ten foreign companies from five different countries are presented. Major conclusions underline the threats of global operations of international companies when they are not supported by enlightened policies of companies and governments in host countries on one side and present the opportunities for these countries economy on the other. JEL Codes: F21, F23, O53
ESIS final report IDBM research Contents 1 Tiivistelmä 3 Excecutive Summary 5 List of Abbreviatio... more ESIS final report IDBM research Contents 1 Tiivistelmä 3 Excecutive Summary 5 List of Abbreviations 8 support the view that initially the proposed drivers hold the emergence and development of sectoral innovation systems in the observed (noted) contexts. These findings also support the (implicit) argument of this study; that taking care of these drivers will create emerging sectoral innovation systems which in turn will (eventually) result in welfare accumulation. However, we propose that the drivers can be further grouped to three meta-drivers that provide opportunities for development. The three key opportunity areas are: 1) Resource development; 2). Enhanced entrepreneurism; and 3) Good governance. From previous analysis we are able to move on to derive a series of practical opportunity areas that exist to support the innovation ecosystems in Vietnam and Tanzania. These can also be understood as possibilities to direct the current Finnish development practice towards an innovation/STI promotion mindset 1) Educating for innovation; 2) Making resources work; 3) Creating new wealth; and 4) Diffusing novelty. These areas of opportunity roughly match the aggregate drivers discussed above. The common denominator that cuts across all of the four themes is the idea of collaboration across the stakeholder groups inside the innovation ecosystem, while good governance creates stable framework conditions for all activities. As for the sectors chosen for this study, ICT makes the collaboration effective, while energy makes it possible.
Turning scientific discoveries into business opportunities is a difficult process, particularly i... more Turning scientific discoveries into business opportunities is a difficult process, particularly in high-tech related area such as bioscience and/biotechnology. In developing countries, where research conditions are much less favorable than in the industrialized world, there are many additional constraints in terms of finance, investment, and human resources. However, the production of vaccines on the basis of research and technology transfer in Vietnam shows that this is possible provided the right policy and right people are available. Relying on transfer of technology from overseas, plus a combination of domestic efforts and international cooperation on R&D, Vietnamese research institutes have turned their research into business operations and turned some scientists into a businessmen and women. This in turn, has contributed to the eradication of certain diseases and Vietnam's self-reliance of key vaccines.
Uploads
Papers by Ca Ngoc