The wine sector currently lacks nuclear fea-tures, which makes Portugal’s producing per-formance ... more The wine sector currently lacks nuclear fea-tures, which makes Portugal’s producing per-formance drift away from the frontline world-wide wine producers. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the evolution of the Portuguese wine industry’s performance through the world and national available statistical data. Also, this work tries to evaluate the sustainability dyna-mic regarding theNorth and Alentejo, using the Portuguese Farm Accountancy Data Network from 2001 to 2012. From the sustain-nability indicators, the results show that Alente-jo presents the best performance in terms of environmental sustainability. The North has an increasing economic dimension of sustainabil-ity and good social performance. The conclu-sions suggest that academic research can im-prove the wine industry’s overall orientation to sustainability.O setor vitivinícola carece atualmente de ca-racterísticas nucleares que fazem o desempenho produtivo do país afastar-se dos líderes da pro-dução mundial de vinho. O ...
The wine sector is a historical sector in Portugal that plays an important socioeconomic role in ... more The wine sector is a historical sector in Portugal that plays an important socioeconomic role in the Douro Demarcated Region. This work aims to study the main characteristics of the systems adopted in this region, based on a set of 110 face-to-face surveys and to estimate their productive efficiency using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). In addition, a cluster k-means analysis was performed to uncover unknown patterns in the data and create homogeneous farm groups. The sample based on a large diversity of wine-growing systems has a large number of plots, with an average grape yield of 5784 kg/ha representing a yield of € 4315/ha, resulting in six clusters. Most isolated farms constitute the cluster that show intensive work. The smallest cluster brings together the most extreme cases and with the highest capital values. The most efficient group is the one that presents all indicators above the sample average, except for the area used. Through this study, it became possible to rec...
Abstract: In Portugal, labour availability has been revealed as a key factor for the activity, pa... more Abstract: In Portugal, labour availability has been revealed as a key factor for the activity, particularly in mountain viticulture. The latest statistics present worrying values that could undermine the production of quality wine and the attractive set of wine landscapes considered as a potential resource for tourism development. The Douro Region is one of the main Portuguese wine regions, characterized by a prominent and accentuated mountain viticulture. This paper aims to simulate the behaviour of its farms about the changes in the price of labour, through Agent-Based Models (ABM). The MATLAB software was used to obtain periodic functions adjusted to the data that characterize the relevant variables, obtained from face-to-face surveys of 110 farms, and taking into account the data provided by PTFADN. Subsequently, the ABM software (NETLOGO) was selected to simulate the next 100 years, familiarizing the real dynamics based on the previously considered data. Depending on the price ...
Palgrave Studies in Cross-disciplinary Business Research, In Association with EuroMed Academy of Business
A. Galindro et al. 157 mountain's viticulture, while the Alentejo stands apart from the North's e... more A. Galindro et al. 157 mountain's viticulture, while the Alentejo stands apart from the North's entrepreneurial layout since it is based on plain field viticulture. The most central region of the country also encloses the quality-oriented Dão wine and holds the last place on the podium as the third most important Portuguese DOP wine region, besides the two formerly referred regions (Northern is the first and Alentejo the second, IVV 2018b). The three Portuguese regions are characterized by very small farms, which increase their production area as they move south of the country (Alentejo). However, the opposite is true with regard to the labour required, due again to the existing topographic conditions. Taking into account only farms engaged in the production of quality wine, the database available by PTFADN for 2015 presents as average values for the 208 farms in its sample, a representative of 6943 farms of the Northern, Centre and South, an average agricultural area of 8.98, 11.67 and 22.90 hectares; 2, 1.8 and 1.27 units of annual workers; and a total agricultural production of 29730, 23785 and 30230 euros per farm, respectively. To simulate the behaviour of the viticulture farms, the ABM methodology was chosen due to the agriculture's complexity of wine production, considering the multiple scales of interactions (including the natural ecosystem) and the strong influence of human decision-making (Bert et al. 2014). These conditions make the econometric approaches less applicable (Heckelei and Britz 2005), while ABM approach maps the real-world interactions between entities (e.g. farm) and their virtual representations (Rounsevell et al. 2012). As stated by An (2012) and Magliocca et al. (2015), this is a suitable tool for improving the understanding of farmers' behaviour in response to changing environmental, economic, or institutional conditions, particularly at the local level. Regarding the institutional conditions, it should be emphasized that the European Union (EU) strongly promotes sustainability in agricultural practices and supports it through government funding programs for farming such as the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and through other European-level policy schemes. In fact, one of the main characteristics of European agriculture is its high level of subsidization (Swinnen 2015) and the EU's funding policies have an influence on the farmer's decisions (Bithell and Brasington 2009; Huber et al. 2018).
Resumo: Em Portugal, a disponibilidade de mão de obra tem-se revelado um fator-chave para a vitic... more Resumo: Em Portugal, a disponibilidade de mão de obra tem-se revelado um fator-chave para a viticultura de montanha. Estatísticas mais recentes denotam valores preocupantes que poderão colocar em causa a produção de vinho de qualidade e o atraente conjunto de paisagens vitivinícolas consideradas um recurso potencial para o desenvolvimento do turismo. Por a região duriense ser uma das principais regiões vitivinícolas portuguesas, caracterizada por proeminente e acentuada viticultura de montanha, pretende-se, neste trabalho, simular o comportamento das suas explorações perante alterações do preço de mão de obra, recorrendo-se a modelos baseados em agentes (ABM). Foi ainda usado o software MATLAB para obter funções periódicas ajustadas aos dados caracterizadores das variáveis consideradas pertinentes, obtidas de inquéritos presenciais a 110 explorações e atendendo aos dados disponibilizados pela Rede de Informação de Contabilidades Agrícolas (RICA). Posteriormente, o software ABM (NETL...
Composts are widely used in horticulture as organic amendments to improve the properties of soils... more Composts are widely used in horticulture as organic amendments to improve the properties of soils. Composts have also been reported to enhance the disease suppressive potential of soils and, therefore, could be used as a strategy for managing plant diseases. The aim of this study was to test the ability of soils amended with four different agro-industrial waste-based composts (chestnut peels and shells, spent coffee grounds, grape marc, and olive leaves) to inhibit the growth and activity of Botrytis cinerea and several soilborne pathogens. First, the capacity of aqueous compost extracts to inhibit the growth of Botrytis cinerea and five soilborne fungi was evaluated in vitro using a broth macrodilution method. Second, lettuce plants were grown on soils amended with composts and inoculated either with B. cinerea or the soilborne fungus Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtendahl isolated from lamb’s lettuce. The determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations indicated that none of the com...
Resumo: Em Portugal, a disponibilidade de mão de obra tem-se revelado um fator-chave para a vitic... more Resumo: Em Portugal, a disponibilidade de mão de obra tem-se revelado um fator-chave para a viticultura de montanha. Estatísticas mais recentes denotam valores preocupantes que poderão colocar em causa a produção de vinho de qualidade e o atraente conjunto de paisagens vitivinícolas consideradas um recurso potencial para o desenvolvimento do turismo. Por a região duriense ser uma das principais regiões vitivinícolas portuguesas, caracterizada por proeminente e acentuada viticultura de montanha, pretende-se, neste trabalho, simular o comportamento das suas explorações perante alterações do preço de mão de obra, recorrendo-se a modelos baseados em agentes (ABM). Foi ainda usado o software MATLAB para obter funções periódicas ajustadas aos dados caracterizadores das variáveis consideradas pertinentes, obtidas de inquéritos presenciais a 110 explorações e atendendo aos dados disponibilizados pela Rede de Informação de Contabilidades Agrícolas (RICA). Posteriormente, o software ABM (NETL...
A. Galindro et al. 157 mountain's viticulture, while the Alentejo stands apart from the North's e... more A. Galindro et al. 157 mountain's viticulture, while the Alentejo stands apart from the North's entrepreneurial layout since it is based on plain field viticulture. The most central region of the country also encloses the quality-oriented Dão wine and holds the last place on the podium as the third most important Portuguese DOP wine region, besides the two formerly referred regions (Northern is the first and Alentejo the second, IVV 2018b). The three Portuguese regions are characterized by very small farms, which increase their production area as they move south of the country (Alentejo). However, the opposite is true with regard to the labour required, due again to the existing topographic conditions. Taking into account only farms engaged in the production of quality wine, the database available by PTFADN for 2015 presents as average values for the 208 farms in its sample, a representative of 6943 farms of the Northern, Centre and South, an average agricultural area of 8.98, 11.67 and 22.90 hectares; 2, 1.8 and 1.27 units of annual workers; and a total agricultural production of 29730, 23785 and 30230 euros per farm, respectively. To simulate the behaviour of the viticulture farms, the ABM methodology was chosen due to the agriculture's complexity of wine production, considering the multiple scales of interactions (including the natural ecosystem) and the strong influence of human decision-making (Bert et al. 2014). These conditions make the econometric approaches less applicable (Heckelei and Britz 2005), while ABM approach maps the real-world interactions between entities (e.g. farm) and their virtual representations (Rounsevell et al. 2012). As stated by An (2012) and Magliocca et al. (2015), this is a suitable tool for improving the understanding of farmers' behaviour in response to changing environmental, economic, or institutional conditions, particularly at the local level. Regarding the institutional conditions, it should be emphasized that the European Union (EU) strongly promotes sustainability in agricultural practices and supports it through government funding programs for farming such as the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and through other European-level policy schemes. In fact, one of the main characteristics of European agriculture is its high level of subsidization (Swinnen 2015) and the EU's funding policies have an influence on the farmer's decisions (Bithell and Brasington 2009; Huber et al. 2018).
portuguesThe wine sector currently lacks nuclear features, which makes Portugal’s producing perfo... more portuguesThe wine sector currently lacks nuclear features, which makes Portugal’s producing performance drift away from the frontline worldwide wine producers. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the evolution of the Portuguese wine industry’s performance through the world and national available statistical data. Also, this work tries to evaluate the sustainability dynamic regarding the North and Alentejo, using the Portuguese Farm Accountancy Data Network from 2001 to 2012. From the sustainnability indicators, the results show that Alentejo presents the best performance in terms of environmental sustainability. The North has an increasing economic dimension of sustainability and good social performance. The conclusions suggest that academic research can improve the wine industry’s overall orientation to sustainability. EnglishO setor vitivinicola carece atualmente de caracteristicas nucleares que fazem o desempenho produtivo do pais afastar-se dos lideres da producao mundial de vi...
To determine the key variables of the vineyard efficiency is imperative to account the combined e... more To determine the key variables of the vineyard efficiency is imperative to account the combined effects of the inputs interactions since they have implications on the overall final production. This paper estimates the productive efficiency of a wine-farm sample from the Douro Demarcated Region (DDR) while identifies economic, social and environmental indicators that characterizes the DDR grape production system. The data was collected by face-to-face surveys performed at farm level to build a pilot study. The majority of the sampled twenty farms are dedicated to mountain viticulture and mainly feature the cordon (simple and double) training system. Through the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method, the productive efficiency of the sampled was performed and the results clinched different efficiency scores. The main explanation is related to the heterogeneity of the adopted production system. In addition, they revealed how grape producers could improve their productive efficiency by ...
Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch ge... more Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your personal and scholarly purposes. You are not to copy documents for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public.
The use of spent coffee grounds (SCG) in composting for organic farming is a viable way of valori... more The use of spent coffee grounds (SCG) in composting for organic farming is a viable way of valorising these agro-industrial residues. In the present study, four treatments with different amounts of spent coffee grounds (SCG) were established, namely, C0 (Control), C10, C20 and C40, containing 0, 10, 20 and 40% of SCG (DM), respectively; and their effects on the composting process and the end-product quality characteristics were evaluated. The mixtures were completed with Acacia dealbata L. shoots and wheat straw. At different time intervals during composting, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions were measured and selected physicochemical characteristics of the composts were evaluated. During the composting process, all treatments showed a substantial decrease in total phenolics and total tannins, and an important increase in gallic acid. Emissions of greenhouse gases were very low and no significant difference between the treatments was registered. T...
Overall phenolic content in plants is on average higher in organic farming, including when renewa... more Overall phenolic content in plants is on average higher in organic farming, including when renewable resources such as composts are used as soil amendments. In most cases, however, the composting process needs to be optimized to reach the desired outcome. Using composts obtained from chestnut, red and white grapes, olive and broccoli wastes, the relative antioxidative abilities of lettuces cultivated in greenhouse were examined. Results clearly coupled high phenolic levels with high yield in lettuce grown on the chestnut-based compost. A huge accumulation of phenolics was observed with the white grape-based compost, but this coincided with low yield. Three compounds were identified as discriminating factors between treated samples, namely quercetin 3-O-glucoside, luteolin 7-O-glucoside, and cyanidin 3-O-(6″-malonyl)-β-d-glucoside; these are also some of the compounds receiving health claims on lettuce consumption. On a negative note, all composts led to decreased vitamin C levels. C...
Plant species distributed on a landscape are submitted to a mosaic of abiotic conditions that may... more Plant species distributed on a landscape are submitted to a mosaic of abiotic conditions that may have a negative effect on development (generating stress) and expose them to predation by herbivores. This stress can cause additionally leaf asymmetry and a reduction on primary production. The photosynthetic rate, related to plant productivity, can be measured by spectral indexes, such as the NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index), calculated from satellite images. In the present work, we test the hypothesis that environments with low primary productivity (low NDVI) will possess larger leaf asymmetry and higher herbivory rates. Our results show that in the Caatinga semi-arid region of Pernambuco, Brazil, the leaf asymmetry reduces with higher NDVI values, indicating a close relationship between this plant measure and the spectral index. On the other side, the correlation between herbivory and primary production or leaf asymmetry was not significant, suggesting that herbivores g...
1,3-β-Glucan depolymerizing enzymes have considerable biotechnological applications including bio... more 1,3-β-Glucan depolymerizing enzymes have considerable biotechnological applications including biofuel production, feedstock-chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Here we describe a comprehensive functional characterization and low-resolution structure of a hyperthermophilic ...
The wine sector currently lacks nuclear fea-tures, which makes Portugal’s producing per-formance ... more The wine sector currently lacks nuclear fea-tures, which makes Portugal’s producing per-formance drift away from the frontline world-wide wine producers. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the evolution of the Portuguese wine industry’s performance through the world and national available statistical data. Also, this work tries to evaluate the sustainability dyna-mic regarding theNorth and Alentejo, using the Portuguese Farm Accountancy Data Network from 2001 to 2012. From the sustain-nability indicators, the results show that Alente-jo presents the best performance in terms of environmental sustainability. The North has an increasing economic dimension of sustainabil-ity and good social performance. The conclu-sions suggest that academic research can im-prove the wine industry’s overall orientation to sustainability.O setor vitivinícola carece atualmente de ca-racterísticas nucleares que fazem o desempenho produtivo do país afastar-se dos líderes da pro-dução mundial de vinho. O ...
The wine sector is a historical sector in Portugal that plays an important socioeconomic role in ... more The wine sector is a historical sector in Portugal that plays an important socioeconomic role in the Douro Demarcated Region. This work aims to study the main characteristics of the systems adopted in this region, based on a set of 110 face-to-face surveys and to estimate their productive efficiency using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). In addition, a cluster k-means analysis was performed to uncover unknown patterns in the data and create homogeneous farm groups. The sample based on a large diversity of wine-growing systems has a large number of plots, with an average grape yield of 5784 kg/ha representing a yield of € 4315/ha, resulting in six clusters. Most isolated farms constitute the cluster that show intensive work. The smallest cluster brings together the most extreme cases and with the highest capital values. The most efficient group is the one that presents all indicators above the sample average, except for the area used. Through this study, it became possible to rec...
Abstract: In Portugal, labour availability has been revealed as a key factor for the activity, pa... more Abstract: In Portugal, labour availability has been revealed as a key factor for the activity, particularly in mountain viticulture. The latest statistics present worrying values that could undermine the production of quality wine and the attractive set of wine landscapes considered as a potential resource for tourism development. The Douro Region is one of the main Portuguese wine regions, characterized by a prominent and accentuated mountain viticulture. This paper aims to simulate the behaviour of its farms about the changes in the price of labour, through Agent-Based Models (ABM). The MATLAB software was used to obtain periodic functions adjusted to the data that characterize the relevant variables, obtained from face-to-face surveys of 110 farms, and taking into account the data provided by PTFADN. Subsequently, the ABM software (NETLOGO) was selected to simulate the next 100 years, familiarizing the real dynamics based on the previously considered data. Depending on the price ...
Palgrave Studies in Cross-disciplinary Business Research, In Association with EuroMed Academy of Business
A. Galindro et al. 157 mountain's viticulture, while the Alentejo stands apart from the North's e... more A. Galindro et al. 157 mountain's viticulture, while the Alentejo stands apart from the North's entrepreneurial layout since it is based on plain field viticulture. The most central region of the country also encloses the quality-oriented Dão wine and holds the last place on the podium as the third most important Portuguese DOP wine region, besides the two formerly referred regions (Northern is the first and Alentejo the second, IVV 2018b). The three Portuguese regions are characterized by very small farms, which increase their production area as they move south of the country (Alentejo). However, the opposite is true with regard to the labour required, due again to the existing topographic conditions. Taking into account only farms engaged in the production of quality wine, the database available by PTFADN for 2015 presents as average values for the 208 farms in its sample, a representative of 6943 farms of the Northern, Centre and South, an average agricultural area of 8.98, 11.67 and 22.90 hectares; 2, 1.8 and 1.27 units of annual workers; and a total agricultural production of 29730, 23785 and 30230 euros per farm, respectively. To simulate the behaviour of the viticulture farms, the ABM methodology was chosen due to the agriculture's complexity of wine production, considering the multiple scales of interactions (including the natural ecosystem) and the strong influence of human decision-making (Bert et al. 2014). These conditions make the econometric approaches less applicable (Heckelei and Britz 2005), while ABM approach maps the real-world interactions between entities (e.g. farm) and their virtual representations (Rounsevell et al. 2012). As stated by An (2012) and Magliocca et al. (2015), this is a suitable tool for improving the understanding of farmers' behaviour in response to changing environmental, economic, or institutional conditions, particularly at the local level. Regarding the institutional conditions, it should be emphasized that the European Union (EU) strongly promotes sustainability in agricultural practices and supports it through government funding programs for farming such as the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and through other European-level policy schemes. In fact, one of the main characteristics of European agriculture is its high level of subsidization (Swinnen 2015) and the EU's funding policies have an influence on the farmer's decisions (Bithell and Brasington 2009; Huber et al. 2018).
Resumo: Em Portugal, a disponibilidade de mão de obra tem-se revelado um fator-chave para a vitic... more Resumo: Em Portugal, a disponibilidade de mão de obra tem-se revelado um fator-chave para a viticultura de montanha. Estatísticas mais recentes denotam valores preocupantes que poderão colocar em causa a produção de vinho de qualidade e o atraente conjunto de paisagens vitivinícolas consideradas um recurso potencial para o desenvolvimento do turismo. Por a região duriense ser uma das principais regiões vitivinícolas portuguesas, caracterizada por proeminente e acentuada viticultura de montanha, pretende-se, neste trabalho, simular o comportamento das suas explorações perante alterações do preço de mão de obra, recorrendo-se a modelos baseados em agentes (ABM). Foi ainda usado o software MATLAB para obter funções periódicas ajustadas aos dados caracterizadores das variáveis consideradas pertinentes, obtidas de inquéritos presenciais a 110 explorações e atendendo aos dados disponibilizados pela Rede de Informação de Contabilidades Agrícolas (RICA). Posteriormente, o software ABM (NETL...
Composts are widely used in horticulture as organic amendments to improve the properties of soils... more Composts are widely used in horticulture as organic amendments to improve the properties of soils. Composts have also been reported to enhance the disease suppressive potential of soils and, therefore, could be used as a strategy for managing plant diseases. The aim of this study was to test the ability of soils amended with four different agro-industrial waste-based composts (chestnut peels and shells, spent coffee grounds, grape marc, and olive leaves) to inhibit the growth and activity of Botrytis cinerea and several soilborne pathogens. First, the capacity of aqueous compost extracts to inhibit the growth of Botrytis cinerea and five soilborne fungi was evaluated in vitro using a broth macrodilution method. Second, lettuce plants were grown on soils amended with composts and inoculated either with B. cinerea or the soilborne fungus Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtendahl isolated from lamb’s lettuce. The determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations indicated that none of the com...
Resumo: Em Portugal, a disponibilidade de mão de obra tem-se revelado um fator-chave para a vitic... more Resumo: Em Portugal, a disponibilidade de mão de obra tem-se revelado um fator-chave para a viticultura de montanha. Estatísticas mais recentes denotam valores preocupantes que poderão colocar em causa a produção de vinho de qualidade e o atraente conjunto de paisagens vitivinícolas consideradas um recurso potencial para o desenvolvimento do turismo. Por a região duriense ser uma das principais regiões vitivinícolas portuguesas, caracterizada por proeminente e acentuada viticultura de montanha, pretende-se, neste trabalho, simular o comportamento das suas explorações perante alterações do preço de mão de obra, recorrendo-se a modelos baseados em agentes (ABM). Foi ainda usado o software MATLAB para obter funções periódicas ajustadas aos dados caracterizadores das variáveis consideradas pertinentes, obtidas de inquéritos presenciais a 110 explorações e atendendo aos dados disponibilizados pela Rede de Informação de Contabilidades Agrícolas (RICA). Posteriormente, o software ABM (NETL...
A. Galindro et al. 157 mountain's viticulture, while the Alentejo stands apart from the North's e... more A. Galindro et al. 157 mountain's viticulture, while the Alentejo stands apart from the North's entrepreneurial layout since it is based on plain field viticulture. The most central region of the country also encloses the quality-oriented Dão wine and holds the last place on the podium as the third most important Portuguese DOP wine region, besides the two formerly referred regions (Northern is the first and Alentejo the second, IVV 2018b). The three Portuguese regions are characterized by very small farms, which increase their production area as they move south of the country (Alentejo). However, the opposite is true with regard to the labour required, due again to the existing topographic conditions. Taking into account only farms engaged in the production of quality wine, the database available by PTFADN for 2015 presents as average values for the 208 farms in its sample, a representative of 6943 farms of the Northern, Centre and South, an average agricultural area of 8.98, 11.67 and 22.90 hectares; 2, 1.8 and 1.27 units of annual workers; and a total agricultural production of 29730, 23785 and 30230 euros per farm, respectively. To simulate the behaviour of the viticulture farms, the ABM methodology was chosen due to the agriculture's complexity of wine production, considering the multiple scales of interactions (including the natural ecosystem) and the strong influence of human decision-making (Bert et al. 2014). These conditions make the econometric approaches less applicable (Heckelei and Britz 2005), while ABM approach maps the real-world interactions between entities (e.g. farm) and their virtual representations (Rounsevell et al. 2012). As stated by An (2012) and Magliocca et al. (2015), this is a suitable tool for improving the understanding of farmers' behaviour in response to changing environmental, economic, or institutional conditions, particularly at the local level. Regarding the institutional conditions, it should be emphasized that the European Union (EU) strongly promotes sustainability in agricultural practices and supports it through government funding programs for farming such as the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and through other European-level policy schemes. In fact, one of the main characteristics of European agriculture is its high level of subsidization (Swinnen 2015) and the EU's funding policies have an influence on the farmer's decisions (Bithell and Brasington 2009; Huber et al. 2018).
portuguesThe wine sector currently lacks nuclear features, which makes Portugal’s producing perfo... more portuguesThe wine sector currently lacks nuclear features, which makes Portugal’s producing performance drift away from the frontline worldwide wine producers. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the evolution of the Portuguese wine industry’s performance through the world and national available statistical data. Also, this work tries to evaluate the sustainability dynamic regarding the North and Alentejo, using the Portuguese Farm Accountancy Data Network from 2001 to 2012. From the sustainnability indicators, the results show that Alentejo presents the best performance in terms of environmental sustainability. The North has an increasing economic dimension of sustainability and good social performance. The conclusions suggest that academic research can improve the wine industry’s overall orientation to sustainability. EnglishO setor vitivinicola carece atualmente de caracteristicas nucleares que fazem o desempenho produtivo do pais afastar-se dos lideres da producao mundial de vi...
To determine the key variables of the vineyard efficiency is imperative to account the combined e... more To determine the key variables of the vineyard efficiency is imperative to account the combined effects of the inputs interactions since they have implications on the overall final production. This paper estimates the productive efficiency of a wine-farm sample from the Douro Demarcated Region (DDR) while identifies economic, social and environmental indicators that characterizes the DDR grape production system. The data was collected by face-to-face surveys performed at farm level to build a pilot study. The majority of the sampled twenty farms are dedicated to mountain viticulture and mainly feature the cordon (simple and double) training system. Through the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method, the productive efficiency of the sampled was performed and the results clinched different efficiency scores. The main explanation is related to the heterogeneity of the adopted production system. In addition, they revealed how grape producers could improve their productive efficiency by ...
Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch ge... more Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your personal and scholarly purposes. You are not to copy documents for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public.
The use of spent coffee grounds (SCG) in composting for organic farming is a viable way of valori... more The use of spent coffee grounds (SCG) in composting for organic farming is a viable way of valorising these agro-industrial residues. In the present study, four treatments with different amounts of spent coffee grounds (SCG) were established, namely, C0 (Control), C10, C20 and C40, containing 0, 10, 20 and 40% of SCG (DM), respectively; and their effects on the composting process and the end-product quality characteristics were evaluated. The mixtures were completed with Acacia dealbata L. shoots and wheat straw. At different time intervals during composting, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions were measured and selected physicochemical characteristics of the composts were evaluated. During the composting process, all treatments showed a substantial decrease in total phenolics and total tannins, and an important increase in gallic acid. Emissions of greenhouse gases were very low and no significant difference between the treatments was registered. T...
Overall phenolic content in plants is on average higher in organic farming, including when renewa... more Overall phenolic content in plants is on average higher in organic farming, including when renewable resources such as composts are used as soil amendments. In most cases, however, the composting process needs to be optimized to reach the desired outcome. Using composts obtained from chestnut, red and white grapes, olive and broccoli wastes, the relative antioxidative abilities of lettuces cultivated in greenhouse were examined. Results clearly coupled high phenolic levels with high yield in lettuce grown on the chestnut-based compost. A huge accumulation of phenolics was observed with the white grape-based compost, but this coincided with low yield. Three compounds were identified as discriminating factors between treated samples, namely quercetin 3-O-glucoside, luteolin 7-O-glucoside, and cyanidin 3-O-(6″-malonyl)-β-d-glucoside; these are also some of the compounds receiving health claims on lettuce consumption. On a negative note, all composts led to decreased vitamin C levels. C...
Plant species distributed on a landscape are submitted to a mosaic of abiotic conditions that may... more Plant species distributed on a landscape are submitted to a mosaic of abiotic conditions that may have a negative effect on development (generating stress) and expose them to predation by herbivores. This stress can cause additionally leaf asymmetry and a reduction on primary production. The photosynthetic rate, related to plant productivity, can be measured by spectral indexes, such as the NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index), calculated from satellite images. In the present work, we test the hypothesis that environments with low primary productivity (low NDVI) will possess larger leaf asymmetry and higher herbivory rates. Our results show that in the Caatinga semi-arid region of Pernambuco, Brazil, the leaf asymmetry reduces with higher NDVI values, indicating a close relationship between this plant measure and the spectral index. On the other side, the correlation between herbivory and primary production or leaf asymmetry was not significant, suggesting that herbivores g...
1,3-β-Glucan depolymerizing enzymes have considerable biotechnological applications including bio... more 1,3-β-Glucan depolymerizing enzymes have considerable biotechnological applications including biofuel production, feedstock-chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Here we describe a comprehensive functional characterization and low-resolution structure of a hyperthermophilic ...
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Papers by Cátia Santos