Papers by Jeremy Braithwaite
eLife, 2021
Background:Blinding reviewers to applicant identity has been proposed to reduce bias in peer revi... more Background:Blinding reviewers to applicant identity has been proposed to reduce bias in peer review.Methods:This experimental test used 1200 NIH grant applications, 400 from Black investigators, 400 matched applications from White investigators, and 400 randomly selected applications from White investigators. Applications were reviewed by mail in standard and redacted formats.Results:Redaction reduced, but did not eliminate, reviewers’ ability to correctly guess features of identity. The primary, preregistered analysis hypothesized a differential effect of redaction according to investigator race in the matched applications. A set of secondary analyses (not preregistered) used the randomly selected applications from White scientists and tested the same interaction. Both analyses revealed similar effects: Standard format applications from White investigators scored better than those from Black investigators. Redaction cut the size of the difference by about half (e.g. from a Cohen’s ...
Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 2018
Screening for child abuse by using a checklist and physical examinations in the emergency departm... more Screening for child abuse by using a checklist and physical examinations in the emergency department led to the detection of more cases.
American Journal of Criminal Justice, 2018
In this study, we examine recidivism in a cohort of 471 registered, adult female sexual offenders... more In this study, we examine recidivism in a cohort of 471 registered, adult female sexual offenders for an average follow-up of 18.83 years. About half (52%) of the female sexual offenders were re-arrested for a subsequent offense during the follow-up period. Nine percent were re-arrested for a violent offense, and 7 % were re-arrested for a sexual offense. Recidivists for any offense, compared to non-recidivists, were younger, had more extensive criminal histories, and were more likely to have a sexual assault as an index offense. Recidivists for violent (non-sexual) offenses, compared to nonrecidivists, were younger, had more extensive criminal histories, and were more likely to have a male victim for an index offense. Recidivists for sexual offenses, compared to non-recidivists, had more prior arrests for any offense, more prior arrests for alcohol/ drug offenses, and were more likely to have an acquaintance victim for an index offense. These results are compared to prior studies. Keywords Female sexual offenders. General recidivism. Violent recidivism. Sexual recidivism Men are more likely than women to sexually offend. Various sources estimate that female sexual offenders comprise less than 10% of all sexual offenders known to law enforcement officials (for a summary, see Vandiver, Braithwaite, & Stafford, 2017). Official
Violence and Gender, 2016
Only a few interventions have been designed to address violence in women's lives, both as victims... more Only a few interventions have been designed to address violence in women's lives, both as victims or as perpetrators. Moreover, women in prison are consistently reported to have more complex histories of exposure to violence, trauma, and abuse than their male counterparts. More than 6500 women currently reside in California's state prisons, with two-thirds serving lengthy sentences for violent crimes. Recent policy changes regarding violent crimes require changes in the type of programming and services offered to these incarcerated women. This study examines results from the intervention, Beyond Violence, a trauma-informed and gender-responsive approach to violence prevention that was provided to women serving sentences for violent crimes (n = 91) in two California prisons. The curricula were facilitated by 29 incarcerated peer educators to 62 women in the general population in the prison. The majority of the participants met the criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder at baseline (55% of the peer educators and 71% of the other participants). At the time of the study, women had been incarcerated for an average of 14 years. The intervention showed significantly positive outcomes, with moderate to high effect sizes for women incarcerated for long terms or life on reductions in post traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, anger and aggression, and symptoms of serious mental illness. Implementing Beyond Violence may result in reductions in violent behavior among longer term female inmates. Also, findings indicate that the curricula can be effectively facilitated by incarcerated peer educators. Further investigation regarding the potential cost-effectiveness of peer educators versus trained clinical staff is needed.
Crime and Justice in India
Sexual Abuse, 2014
This research focuses on structural covariates of sex crimes in rural communities (using urban an... more This research focuses on structural covariates of sex crimes in rural communities (using urban and urbanizing communities as comparison groups), with particular analysis on exploring how the magnitude and direction of such covariates differ with respect to type of sex crime. Using 2000 sex crime data from the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) for the population of reporting U.S. cities, negative binomial and logistic regression procedures were used to explore the relationship between resource disadvantage, local investment, and economic inequality and sex crime subtypes. For sex crimes that occurred almost exclusively in the home, urban and urbanizing community rates were largely influenced by resource disadvantage and local investment, while these measures did not reach significance for explaining rural rates. Conversely, local investment was a significant predictor of sex crimes that occurred outside the home in rural communities. This research indicates that a stru...
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Papers by Jeremy Braithwaite