Background: Amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) at <6 h is the best single outcome p... more Background: Amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) at <6 h is the best single outcome predictor in term infants with perinatal asphyxia at normothermia. Hypothermia treatment has changed the cutoff values for outcome prediction by using time at onset of normal trace and SWC. Cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation changes detected by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during hypothermia treatment in aphyxiated neonates are not a well known issue.
We present a new formulation of the Mastrovito multiplication matrix and an architecture for the ... more We present a new formulation of the Mastrovito multiplication matrix and an architecture for the multiplication operation in the field GF(2m) generated by an arbitrary irreducible polynomial.We study in detail several specific types of irreducible polynomials, e.g., trinomials, all-one-polynomials, and equally-spaced-polynomials, and obtain the time and space complexity of these designs. Particular examples, illustrating the properties of the proposed architecture, are also given. The complexity results established in this paper match the best complexity results known to date. The most important new result is the space complexity of the Mastrovito multiplier for an equally-spaced-polynomial, which is found as (m2 - Δ) XOR gates and m2 AND gates, where Δ is the spacing factor.
This study aimed to determine the proper combinations of numerical modeling conditions (e.g. solv... more This study aimed to determine the proper combinations of numerical modeling conditions (e.g. solver, element type, material model) for warm hydroforming of AA5754-O aluminum alloy sheets. Assessment of finite element analyses (FEA) is based on comparison of numerical results and experimental measurements obtained from closed-die forming, hydraulic bulge and tensile tests at different temperature (25-300°C) and strain rate (0.0013-0.013 1/sec) levels. Thinning (% t) and cavity filling ratios (CFR) on the formed parts were taken as comparison parameters. Several numerical analyses employing different element types, solution methods and material models were performed using the commercially available FEA package LS-Dyna to determine the best combination of modeling options to simulate the actual warm hydroforming operation as accurately as possible. Analyses showed that relatively better predictions were obtained using isotropic material model, shell elements and implicit solution technique when compared with experimental results.
Cryptography is one of the most prominent application areas of the finite field arithmetic. Almos... more Cryptography is one of the most prominent application areas of the finite field arithmetic. Almost all public-key cryptographic algorithms including the recent algorithms such as elliptic curve and pairing-based cryptography rely heavily on finite field arithmetic, which needs to be performed efficiently to meet the execution speed and design space constraints. These objectives constitute massive challenges that necessitate interdisciplinary research efforts that will render the best algorithms, architectures, implementations, and design practices. This paper aims to provide a concise perspective on designing architectures for efficient finite field arithmetic for usage in cryptography. We present different architectures, methods and techniques for fast execution of cryptographic operations as well as high utilization of resources in the realization of cryptographic algorithms. While it is difficult to have a complete coverage of all related work, this paper aims to reflect the current trends and important implementation issues of finite field arithmetic in the context of cryptography. at 02:22:54 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. ■ cative groups and rings such as RSA, Elliptic curve cryptography, ■ Pairing-based cryptography. ■ Cryptographic algorithms utilize arithmetic in finite mathematical structures such as finite multiplicative groups, rings, and finite fields. Authorized licensed use limited to: CityU. Downloaded on May 30,2010 at 02:22:54 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
The main purpose of this study is to solve a real-world, multicriteria, high-tech selection probl... more The main purpose of this study is to solve a real-world, multicriteria, high-tech selection problem by using analytic network process (ANP). The proposed ANP model consists of a control hierarchy, and a network of connections among the clusters of alternatives, actors and criteria. The strategic criteria were included into the model to rate benefits (B), opportunities (O), costs (C), and risks (R). Then, final synthesis of alternatives was obtained by using rated BOCR. Three actor groups at each step of ANP were cooperated to gain their contributions into the decision as well as to promote the implementation. The results and their interpretations are presented. The management has currently implemented the new high-tech transaction processing system proposed by this study as the best alternative. q
Several studies have shown that there is a strong relationship between the distribution of crenar... more Several studies have shown that there is a strong relationship between the distribution of crenarchaeotal isoprenoid glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) and sea surface temperature (SST). Based on this, a ratio of certain GDGTs, called TEX 86 (TetraEther indeX of tetraethers consisting of 86 carbon atoms), was developed as a SST proxy. In this study, we determined the distribution of crenarchaeotal isoprenoid GDGTs in 116 core-top sediments mostly from (sub)polar oceans and combined these data with previously published core-top data. Using this extended global core-top dataset (n = 426), we re-assessed the relationship of crenarchaeal isoprenoid GDGTs with SST. We excluded data from the Red Sea from the global core-top dataset to define new indices and calibration models, as the Red Sea with its elevated salinity appeared to behave differently compared to other parts of the oceans. We tested our new indices and calibration models on three different paleo datasets, representing different temperature ranges. Our results indicate that the crenarchaeol regio-isomer plays a more important role for temperature adaptation in (sub)tropical oceans than in (sub)polar oceans, suggesting that there may be differences in membrane adaptation of the resident crenarchaeotal communities at different temperatures. We, therefore, suggest to apply two different calibration models. For the whole calibration temperature range (À3 to 30°C), a modified version of TEX 86 with a logarithmic function which does not include the crenarchaeol regio-isomer, called TEX L 86 , is shown to correlate best with SST: SST ¼ 67:5 Â TEX L 86 þ 46:9 (r 2 = 0.86, n=396, p <0.0001). Application of TEX L 86 on sediments from the subpolar Southern Ocean results in realistic absolute SST estimates and a similar SST trend compared to a diatom SST record from the same core. TEX H 86 , which is defined as the logarithmic function of TEX 86 , yields the best correlation with SST, when the data from the (sub)polar oceans are removed: SST ¼ 68:4 Â TEX L 86 þ 38:6 (r 2 = 00.87, n = 255, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, TEX L 86 gives the best correlation for mescosm data with temperatures ranging between 10 and 46°C. For Quaternary sediments from the tropical Arabian Sea, both TEX L 86 and TEX H 86 yield similar trends and SST estimates. However, the extrapolation of TEX H 86 calibration on a sediment record from a greenhouse world ocean predicts more reliable absolute SST estimates and relative SST changes in agreement with estimates based on the d 18 O of planktonic foraminifera. Based on the comparison of TEX L 86 and TEX H 86 derived SSTs using the core top data, we recommend applying TEX H 86 above 15°C 0016-7037/$ -see front matter Ó Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 74 (2010) 4639-4654 and TEX L 86 below 15°C. In cases where paleorecords encompass temperatures both below and above 15°C, we suggest to use TEX L 86 .
the ultimate objective is the safest and most secure protocol, convenience and usability should n... more the ultimate objective is the safest and most secure protocol, convenience and usability should not be ignored, or the protocol may not be suitable for large-scale deployment. Our aim in this paper is to design a practical electronic payment protocol which is both secure and convenient. ANSI X9.59 standard describes secure payment objects to be used in electronic payment in a convenient and secure way. It has many useful convenience features for large-scale consumer market deployment, the best being the elimination of consumer certificates. Consumer public keys are stored in account records at financial institutions; the digital signatures issued by consumers are verified by financial institutions. Encryption is deliberately not provided by X9.59. In this paper we propose a new Internet e-payment protocol, namely CONSEPP (CONvenient and Secure E-Payment Protocol), based on the account authority model of ANSI X9.59 standard. CONSEPP is the specialized version of X9.59 for Internet transactions (X9.59 is multi-purpose). It has some extra features on top of the X9.59 standard. X9.59 requires merchant certificates; in CONSEPP we propose a lightweight method to avoid the need for merchant certificates. Moreover, we propose a simple method for secure shopping experience between merchant and consumer. Merchant authentication is embedded in the payment cycle. CONSEPP aims to use current financial transaction networks, like VisaNet, BankNet and ACH networks, for communications among financial institutions. No certificates (in the classical sense) or certificate authorities exist in CONSEPP. Convenience is not traded for security here; basic security requirements are fulfilled in the payment authorization cycle without extra messaging and significant overhead.
A new population-based search algorithm called the Bees Algorithm (BA) is presented. The algorith... more A new population-based search algorithm called the Bees Algorithm (BA) is presented. The algorithm mimics the food foraging behaviour of swarms of honey bees. In its basic version, the algorithm performs a kind of neighbourhood search combined with random search and can be used for both combinatorial optimisation and functional optimisation. This paper focuses on the latter. Following a description of the algorithm, the paper gives the results obtained for a number of benchmark problems demonstrating the efficiency and robustness of the new algorithm.
In this study, single and multi‐objective models have been developed aiming to optimize the cost ... more In this study, single and multi‐objective models have been developed aiming to optimize the cost and/or one or more defined performance properties of towel fabrics. For this purpose, the developed mathematical equations based on the physical and performance properties of a towel have been used as objective function and constraints in the designed models. With these models adopted, the physical properties, such as pile height, warp and weft densities, being used in real production conditions, have been attempted to predict under the conditions that the selected performance properties might take the best values for given constraints.
Background: Amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) at <6 h is the best single outcome p... more Background: Amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) at <6 h is the best single outcome predictor in term infants with perinatal asphyxia at normothermia. Hypothermia treatment has changed the cutoff values for outcome prediction by using time at onset of normal trace and SWC. Cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation changes detected by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during hypothermia treatment in aphyxiated neonates are not a well known issue.
We present a new formulation of the Mastrovito multiplication matrix and an architecture for the ... more We present a new formulation of the Mastrovito multiplication matrix and an architecture for the multiplication operation in the field GF(2m) generated by an arbitrary irreducible polynomial.We study in detail several specific types of irreducible polynomials, e.g., trinomials, all-one-polynomials, and equally-spaced-polynomials, and obtain the time and space complexity of these designs. Particular examples, illustrating the properties of the proposed architecture, are also given. The complexity results established in this paper match the best complexity results known to date. The most important new result is the space complexity of the Mastrovito multiplier for an equally-spaced-polynomial, which is found as (m2 - Δ) XOR gates and m2 AND gates, where Δ is the spacing factor.
This study aimed to determine the proper combinations of numerical modeling conditions (e.g. solv... more This study aimed to determine the proper combinations of numerical modeling conditions (e.g. solver, element type, material model) for warm hydroforming of AA5754-O aluminum alloy sheets. Assessment of finite element analyses (FEA) is based on comparison of numerical results and experimental measurements obtained from closed-die forming, hydraulic bulge and tensile tests at different temperature (25-300°C) and strain rate (0.0013-0.013 1/sec) levels. Thinning (% t) and cavity filling ratios (CFR) on the formed parts were taken as comparison parameters. Several numerical analyses employing different element types, solution methods and material models were performed using the commercially available FEA package LS-Dyna to determine the best combination of modeling options to simulate the actual warm hydroforming operation as accurately as possible. Analyses showed that relatively better predictions were obtained using isotropic material model, shell elements and implicit solution technique when compared with experimental results.
Cryptography is one of the most prominent application areas of the finite field arithmetic. Almos... more Cryptography is one of the most prominent application areas of the finite field arithmetic. Almost all public-key cryptographic algorithms including the recent algorithms such as elliptic curve and pairing-based cryptography rely heavily on finite field arithmetic, which needs to be performed efficiently to meet the execution speed and design space constraints. These objectives constitute massive challenges that necessitate interdisciplinary research efforts that will render the best algorithms, architectures, implementations, and design practices. This paper aims to provide a concise perspective on designing architectures for efficient finite field arithmetic for usage in cryptography. We present different architectures, methods and techniques for fast execution of cryptographic operations as well as high utilization of resources in the realization of cryptographic algorithms. While it is difficult to have a complete coverage of all related work, this paper aims to reflect the current trends and important implementation issues of finite field arithmetic in the context of cryptography. at 02:22:54 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. ■ cative groups and rings such as RSA, Elliptic curve cryptography, ■ Pairing-based cryptography. ■ Cryptographic algorithms utilize arithmetic in finite mathematical structures such as finite multiplicative groups, rings, and finite fields. Authorized licensed use limited to: CityU. Downloaded on May 30,2010 at 02:22:54 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
The main purpose of this study is to solve a real-world, multicriteria, high-tech selection probl... more The main purpose of this study is to solve a real-world, multicriteria, high-tech selection problem by using analytic network process (ANP). The proposed ANP model consists of a control hierarchy, and a network of connections among the clusters of alternatives, actors and criteria. The strategic criteria were included into the model to rate benefits (B), opportunities (O), costs (C), and risks (R). Then, final synthesis of alternatives was obtained by using rated BOCR. Three actor groups at each step of ANP were cooperated to gain their contributions into the decision as well as to promote the implementation. The results and their interpretations are presented. The management has currently implemented the new high-tech transaction processing system proposed by this study as the best alternative. q
Several studies have shown that there is a strong relationship between the distribution of crenar... more Several studies have shown that there is a strong relationship between the distribution of crenarchaeotal isoprenoid glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) and sea surface temperature (SST). Based on this, a ratio of certain GDGTs, called TEX 86 (TetraEther indeX of tetraethers consisting of 86 carbon atoms), was developed as a SST proxy. In this study, we determined the distribution of crenarchaeotal isoprenoid GDGTs in 116 core-top sediments mostly from (sub)polar oceans and combined these data with previously published core-top data. Using this extended global core-top dataset (n = 426), we re-assessed the relationship of crenarchaeal isoprenoid GDGTs with SST. We excluded data from the Red Sea from the global core-top dataset to define new indices and calibration models, as the Red Sea with its elevated salinity appeared to behave differently compared to other parts of the oceans. We tested our new indices and calibration models on three different paleo datasets, representing different temperature ranges. Our results indicate that the crenarchaeol regio-isomer plays a more important role for temperature adaptation in (sub)tropical oceans than in (sub)polar oceans, suggesting that there may be differences in membrane adaptation of the resident crenarchaeotal communities at different temperatures. We, therefore, suggest to apply two different calibration models. For the whole calibration temperature range (À3 to 30°C), a modified version of TEX 86 with a logarithmic function which does not include the crenarchaeol regio-isomer, called TEX L 86 , is shown to correlate best with SST: SST ¼ 67:5 Â TEX L 86 þ 46:9 (r 2 = 0.86, n=396, p <0.0001). Application of TEX L 86 on sediments from the subpolar Southern Ocean results in realistic absolute SST estimates and a similar SST trend compared to a diatom SST record from the same core. TEX H 86 , which is defined as the logarithmic function of TEX 86 , yields the best correlation with SST, when the data from the (sub)polar oceans are removed: SST ¼ 68:4 Â TEX L 86 þ 38:6 (r 2 = 00.87, n = 255, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, TEX L 86 gives the best correlation for mescosm data with temperatures ranging between 10 and 46°C. For Quaternary sediments from the tropical Arabian Sea, both TEX L 86 and TEX H 86 yield similar trends and SST estimates. However, the extrapolation of TEX H 86 calibration on a sediment record from a greenhouse world ocean predicts more reliable absolute SST estimates and relative SST changes in agreement with estimates based on the d 18 O of planktonic foraminifera. Based on the comparison of TEX L 86 and TEX H 86 derived SSTs using the core top data, we recommend applying TEX H 86 above 15°C 0016-7037/$ -see front matter Ó Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 74 (2010) 4639-4654 and TEX L 86 below 15°C. In cases where paleorecords encompass temperatures both below and above 15°C, we suggest to use TEX L 86 .
the ultimate objective is the safest and most secure protocol, convenience and usability should n... more the ultimate objective is the safest and most secure protocol, convenience and usability should not be ignored, or the protocol may not be suitable for large-scale deployment. Our aim in this paper is to design a practical electronic payment protocol which is both secure and convenient. ANSI X9.59 standard describes secure payment objects to be used in electronic payment in a convenient and secure way. It has many useful convenience features for large-scale consumer market deployment, the best being the elimination of consumer certificates. Consumer public keys are stored in account records at financial institutions; the digital signatures issued by consumers are verified by financial institutions. Encryption is deliberately not provided by X9.59. In this paper we propose a new Internet e-payment protocol, namely CONSEPP (CONvenient and Secure E-Payment Protocol), based on the account authority model of ANSI X9.59 standard. CONSEPP is the specialized version of X9.59 for Internet transactions (X9.59 is multi-purpose). It has some extra features on top of the X9.59 standard. X9.59 requires merchant certificates; in CONSEPP we propose a lightweight method to avoid the need for merchant certificates. Moreover, we propose a simple method for secure shopping experience between merchant and consumer. Merchant authentication is embedded in the payment cycle. CONSEPP aims to use current financial transaction networks, like VisaNet, BankNet and ACH networks, for communications among financial institutions. No certificates (in the classical sense) or certificate authorities exist in CONSEPP. Convenience is not traded for security here; basic security requirements are fulfilled in the payment authorization cycle without extra messaging and significant overhead.
A new population-based search algorithm called the Bees Algorithm (BA) is presented. The algorith... more A new population-based search algorithm called the Bees Algorithm (BA) is presented. The algorithm mimics the food foraging behaviour of swarms of honey bees. In its basic version, the algorithm performs a kind of neighbourhood search combined with random search and can be used for both combinatorial optimisation and functional optimisation. This paper focuses on the latter. Following a description of the algorithm, the paper gives the results obtained for a number of benchmark problems demonstrating the efficiency and robustness of the new algorithm.
In this study, single and multi‐objective models have been developed aiming to optimize the cost ... more In this study, single and multi‐objective models have been developed aiming to optimize the cost and/or one or more defined performance properties of towel fabrics. For this purpose, the developed mathematical equations based on the physical and performance properties of a towel have been used as objective function and constraints in the designed models. With these models adopted, the physical properties, such as pile height, warp and weft densities, being used in real production conditions, have been attempted to predict under the conditions that the selected performance properties might take the best values for given constraints.
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