Benjamin Korir

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Humboldt Universität zu Berlin

Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology

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Yahya Al-Awthan

University of Tabuk

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The Possible Abuse of Catha edulis and its Associated Health and Socio-economic Impacts

Progress in Chemical and Biochemical Research, Nov 30, 1999

With increasing stress levels, disease burden and harsh economic times, drug abuse has increased ... more With increasing stress levels, disease burden and harsh economic times, drug abuse has increased significantly. Currently, control measures aimed at curbing drug abuse have been applied by various authorities with little success. This paper focuses specifically on one of the emerging drug substances that have been ignored for centuries-Catha edulis. The consumption of khat (Catha edulis) is mainly through chewing of young fresh shoots, sprinkling dry crushed leaves of khat on already prepared food, smoking, and boiling dried khat leaves in water to form Abyssinian tea. The use of khat has spread to many communities of the world such as the United States of America, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands. This has been brought about by a high number of immigrants notably from East Africa and the Middle East, improved road and air transport networks, and improved preservation methods. Chronic and excessive use of khat may result in serious medical concerns among khat users. The medical effects of khat depends on the amount and potency of the chemical cathinone and cathine that is taken in or being absorbed. This work, therefore, reviews the current knowledge on the health effects of khat, social benefits, and possible negative impacts of khat use. Moreover, this work also clearly outlines cessation strategies towards curbing chronic khat abuse, withdrawal symptoms, and pharmacology. It also identifies and recognizes the role of government authorities, non-governmental institutions, and society in addressing the medical problems associated with the consumption of khat.

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Simulated performance of a novel solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell based on phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) electron transport layer

Optical and Quantum Electronics, 2021

Climate change has approached a major crisis limit worldwide due to exhaust emissions arising fro... more Climate change has approached a major crisis limit worldwide due to exhaust emissions arising from the use of traditional transport fuels. Solar energy, therefore, appears to be the most promising alternative energy that can mitigate air quality and environmental degradation. Herein, we report numerical simulation of a novel model solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell consisting of solid-state layers with the configuration FTO/PC61BM/N719/CuSCN/Au using 1-dimensional solar cell capacitance simulator software (SCAPS-1D). The motivation underpinning the numerical simulation of the solar cell architecture proposed in this study was to optimize phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) performance as the electron transport layer. In this model, the effects of varying several parameters—temperature, absorber thickness, defect density, and metallic back contact on the overall solar cell performance have been critically examined. After optimizing the input parameters, the optimal conve...

A Review of the Current Trends in the Production and Consumption of Bioenergy

With the current traditional fossil fuels depleting at an alarming rate coupled with environmenta... more With the current traditional fossil fuels depleting at an alarming rate coupled with environmental degradation because of toxic emissions, there is a mounting desire in search of renewable and sustainable energy resources. In this regard, bioenergy is considered one of the greatest potential to address the global energy demands in order to foster confidence in energy security, economic sustainability, and environmental protection. Global use of biomass to generate electricity and enhanced green energy transport is expected to increase in the near future. Accordingly, the demand for renewable energy is aimed at minimizing energy poverty and mitigation against climate change. Bioenergy despite bioconversion challenges is one of the key solutions to the world’s current energy demands. Model bioenergy plant sources – Croton megalocarpus, palm oil, Jatropha, and soybeans are briefly discussed in this review as major sources of bioenergy. The increased focus on bioenergy has been necessit...

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Computational Simulation of a Highly Efficient Hole Transport-Free Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Based on Titanium Oxide (TiO2) and Zinc Oxysulfide (ZnOS) Electron Transport Layers

Journal of Electronic Materials

The Possible Abuse of Catha edulis and its Associated Health and Socio-economic Impacts

Progress in Chemical and Biochemical Research, Nov 30, 1999

Download

Simulated performance of a novel solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell based on phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) electron transport layer

Optical and Quantum Electronics, 2021

A Review of the Current Trends in the Production and Consumption of Bioenergy

Download

Computational Simulation of a Highly Efficient Hole Transport-Free Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Based on Titanium Oxide (TiO2) and Zinc Oxysulfide (ZnOS) Electron Transport Layers

Journal of Electronic Materials

Benjamin Korir

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