Maǧallaẗ al-handasaẗ wa-al-tiknūlūǧiyā, Nov 28, 2023
AWA promotes fiber distribution within the concrete mix • AWA molecules' bonding could promot fib... more AWA promotes fiber distribution within the concrete mix • AWA molecules' bonding could promot fiber's impact on dynamics characterization. • Increasing microsteel fiber (MS) content from 1% to 1.5% significantly enhances impact resistance This study investigates the dynamic properties of Reactive Powder Underwater Concrete (RPUWC), a novel composite integrating attributes of Reactive Powder Concrete and underwater cast concrete. The study focuses on assessing the impact resistance, dynamic modulus of elasticity, rigidity, and Poisson's ratio. The influence of micro steel fibers (MS) at different volume fractions (1%, 1.25%, and 1.5%) and different anti-washout admixture (AWA) dosages (0.5%, 0.7%, and 0.9%) are examined. The findings indicate that increasing the MS content improves crack resistance and energy absorption, resulting in a substantial 155.6% enhancement in the first crack resistance when using 1.5% MS. Additionally, ultimate resistance improves by 158%. Furthermore, there are significant increases in the dynamic and modulus of rigidity as the MS percentage rises. The impact of AWA is rather limited, with a reduction in the dynamic modulus of 18.3% for 0.7% AWA and 30% for 0.9% AWA. Likewise, the modulus of rigidity decreases by 13% for 0.7% AWA and 23.9% for 0.9% AWA. Moreover, strong positive correlations between non-destructive testing (NDT) and ASTM C 215 equations are observed. This investigation addresses a significant knowledge gap, shedding light on optimizing underwater structures' performance by comprehending their dynamic response under varied MS and AWA ratios.
Lightweight aggregate (LWA) mortar is made using lightweight or low-density aggregate, which impr... more Lightweight aggregate (LWA) mortar is made using lightweight or low-density aggregate, which improves properties such as thermal insulation, durability for freezing and thawing, fire and temperature resistance, and sound insulation. This research aims to use lightweight fine aggregate obtained from crushing natural rocks that are locally called "Ponza" to produce LWA mortar with different mix proportions to study the possibility of using it to produce blocks that can be erected on the outer side of the walls of old buildings to provide good thermal insulation. It also presents a study about the internal curing property of the produced cement mortar, which comes from the absorbed water by the used surface-saturated dry Ponza aggregate. The process includes using three mix proportions (1:1, 1:0.7, and 1:0.5) by weight of cement: fine aggregate. The samples were cured by dividing them into five groups, including moist curing for 1, 3, 7, and 28 days and the fifth group was moist cured for 1 day and then covered by a thin layer of flan coat. Dry density, compressive strength, flexural strength, and thermal conductivity for ages (7, 28, and 56 days) have been tested. The findings indicate that it is possible to produce thermal insulating lightweight cement mortar with mixtures of 1:0.7 or 1:0.5 cement to LWA, using Ponza aggregate, since the results showed an acceptable range of compressive and flexural strengths reaching about 14.75 and 2.91 MPa, respectively, a bulk density of less than 1,600 kg/mm 3 , and a lower thermal conductivity than many building materials.
Construction waste is continually increasing due to everlasting need of new building and infrastr... more Construction waste is continually increasing due to everlasting need of new building and infrastructure development projects. This has become one of the major environmental problems all over the world. According to the European Union Waste Strategy, construction waste is considered as one of the priority waste streams. This research aims at finding out waste percentages of construction materials at the local construction industry in Karbala. Data of ten major construction materials are extracted from past records of thirty finished projects. In addition, a field study is employed to measure wastes of the same construction materials from six under construction projects. Data analysis is carried out using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Goodness of fit tests, and "t- Tests" under (99%) level of confidence are conducted. Results show that waste percentages of construction materials on local scale are fairly high and widely variable across the studied proje...
The development that has occurred in industries and technologies after the Industrial Renaissance... more The development that has occurred in industries and technologies after the Industrial Renaissance and beyond has led to consume a large amount of raw materials. The huge consumption of these materials is hard to be compensated. Therefore, it is necessary to find materials that can be recycled and environmentally friendly materials. Hence, the idea of sustainability, which states, the ability to meet our current needs without compromising the ability of future generation to meet theirs. It has become an urgent to produce materials that called environmentally friendly or sustainable materials. In the field of civil engineering, an important role has been played in producing of environmentally friendly concrete by using pozollanic materials. Using environmentally friendly concrete instead of traditional concrete can participate in reducing the effect of global warming. In this research, local materials like metakaolin and pozollanic materials such as, fly ash and grand granulated blast furnace slag GGBFS were used in the production of an environmentally friendly concrete which they are called Geopolymer concrete. The effect of pozzolanic material type and mixing ratios on compressive strength at 7, 28 and 60 days were studied.
Maǧallaẗ al-handasaẗ wa-al-tiknūlūǧiyā, Aug 1, 2018
In this study, different percentages (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% by weight of the soil) of chopped polym... more In this study, different percentages (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% by weight of the soil) of chopped polymeric (plastic bottles with maximum particle size 2.36 mm and 1.18 mm in addition to rubber tires of 0.6 mm max particle size) wastes are incorporated with soil to produce lightweight clay bricks, to find the optimum percentage satisfying the requirements of bricks grade C using for non-structural walls (partitions).The effects of different types and percentages of the polymeric wastes on firing shrinkage, density, water absorption, compressive strength and thermal conductivity of the fired bricks were studied. Results indicate that it is possible to incorporate not more than 8% of chopped rubber tires or not more than 6% of chopped bottles to the clay soil to produce lightweight fired clay bricks satisfying the compressive strength and water absorption requirements for grade C of bricks (used for partitions) according to the Iraqi specification IQS 25/1988, in addition to reducing the thermal conductivity by 13-17% which is desirable as it will reduce the energy required for heating and cooling. Also, found that the size of the incorporated particles of plastic wastes in clay, used for bricks manufacturing, did not have a significant effect on the different studied properties of bricks. In addition to, the incorporation of chopped rubber tires, having smaller particles size and more sphere particles shape, produce fired clay bricks with more homogeneous pores distribution and smaller size compared with clay brick incorporating chopped plastic wastes having flaky shape and larger particles size, leading to produce clay brick with higher density and strength, with lower water absorption. As a total results, the incorporation different types of polymeric wastes (chopped plastic bottles with 2.36 and 1.18 max size and chopped rubber tires) with percentages (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% by weight of soil) , cause the firing shrinkage a nd water absorption to increase by (0.6-20.2%) and (3-43.5%) respectively, while the density, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity decrease by (3.5-25.1%), (0.4-2.3%), and (2.1-31.9%) respectively with respect to the reference fired clay bricks, depending on the percentage, particles size, and type of the polymeric wastes addition.
In this research, an experimental investigation was conducted on eight modified slurry-infiltrate... more In this research, an experimental investigation was conducted on eight modified slurry-infiltrated fiber concrete (SIFCON) one-way plates to examine the performance of SIFCON-containing waste powder rubber as a partial substitute for natural sand (0, 5, 10, and 15%) under two point loads applied at the third portions of the plate after being subjected to a high temperature. The incorporation of rubber particles is primarily motivated by environmental concerns and the desire to reduce the danger of spalling after exposure to elevated temperatures. All adopted specimens had identical dimensions (1000 mm length, 300 mm width, and 50 mm thickness). Four specimens were exposed to fire for two hours at a constant temperature of 600°C, after which they were rapidly cooled by spraying them with water. The flexure behavior of the simply supported plates was evaluated by applying two point loads to the middle third of the plate (a test of four point load). The results revealed that the residu...
THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFORMATION SYSTEM (ICENIS) 2021: Topic of Energy, Environment, Epidemiology, and Information System
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018
This study investigates the behaviour of trapezoidal cross-sections self-compacting reinforced co... more This study investigates the behaviour of trapezoidal cross-sections self-compacting reinforced concrete beams under flexural failure, with and without strengthening with carbon fibre reinforced polymer CFRP. The studied beams were divided into two groups according to their cross-sections; each group included five beams, and the first group (T20) were those with trapezoidal cross-sections with dimensions length 1,600 × height 260 × width of 160 mm at the bottom and 200 mm at the top, while second group (T24) consisted of those with trapezoidal cross-sections with dimensions length 1,600 × height 260 × width of 160 mm at the bottom and 240 mm at the top. The experimental programme included studying the effects of top width on the flexural behaviour of beams with trapezoidal cross-sections, in addition to studying the effect of reinforcing those beams with varying numbers, locations, and methods of placement of CFRP strips. The experimental results showed that trapezoidal cross-sections with 240 mm top width gave higher ultimate load capacity by 4 to 11.54%, as well as offering lower deflection, compared to trapezoidal cross-sections with 200 mm top width. In addition, strengthening beams with CFRP strips leads to an increase in the ultimate load capacity by 4 to 24% in trapezoidal cross-section beams, reducing their deflection and delaying the appearance of the first crack in the concrete. It was found that applying CFRP strips to the maximum moment region increased the ultimate load capacity by an average of 4.17 to 7.7 % in comparison to beams strengthened with strips applied along the beam
In this study, different percentages (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% by weight of the soil) of chopped polym... more In this study, different percentages (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% by weight of the soil) of chopped polymeric (plastic bottles with maximum particle size 2.36 mm and 1.18 mm in addition to rubber tires of 0.6 mm max particle size) wastes are incorporated with soil to produce lightweight clay bricks, to find the optimum percentage satisfying the requirements of bricks grade C using for non-structural walls (partitions).The effects of different types and percentages of the polymeric wastes on firing shrinkage, density, water absorption, compressive strength and thermal conductivity of the fired bricks were studied. Results indicate that it is possible to incorporate not more than 8% of chopped rubber tires or not more than 6% of chopped bottles to the clay soil to produce lightweight fired clay bricks satisfying the compressive strength and water absorption requirements for grade C of bricks (used for partitions) according to the Iraqi specification IQS 25/1988, in addition to reducing the thermal conductivity by 13-17% which is desirable as it will reduce the energy required for heating and cooling. Also, found that the size of the incorporated particles of plastic wastes in clay, used for bricks manufacturing, did not have a significant effect on the different studied properties of bricks. In addition to, the incorporation of chopped rubber tires, having smaller particles size and more sphere particles shape, produce fired clay bricks with more homogeneous pores distribution and smaller size compared with clay brick incorporating chopped plastic wastes having flaky shape and larger particles size, leading to produce clay brick with higher density and strength, with lower water absorption. As a total results, the incorporation different types of polymeric wastes (chopped plastic bottles with 2.36 and 1.18 max size and chopped rubber tires) with percentages (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% by weight of soil) , cause the firing shrinkage a nd water absorption to increase by (0.6-20.2%) and (3-43.5%) respectively, while the density, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity decrease by (3.5-25.1%), (0.4-2.3%), and (2.1-31.9%) respectively with respect to the reference fired clay bricks, depending on the percentage, particles size, and type of the polymeric wastes addition.
This research aims to find the optimum percentage of polypropylene fibers that can be added to no... more This research aims to find the optimum percentage of polypropylene fibers that can be added to no-fines concrete. The fibers added to the (1:5, 1:6, and 1:7 mix proportions) concrete with volumetric percentages of (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5%), together with suitable amounts of superplasticizer to keep the flow percentage at (65-75%) using constant w/c ratio of 0.4. The results indicated that the optimum volumetric percentage of the added polypropylene fibers is 0.3% which needs small amount of superplasticizer of 0.5% by cement weight, to keep its flow equivalent to the reference mix. This percentage of fibers cause an increase in compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and modulus of
Construction materials waste management is the process of implementing a strategy that is capable... more Construction materials waste management is the process of implementing a strategy that is capable to reduce construction materials waste to the minimum. This research aims at developing a construction materials waste management system that can serve construction projects at the local construction industry in Iraq in minimizing waste at the execution phase and raising the interest in waste minimization by all participants. Results of a previous research held by the same authors are employed in the developed system as warning thresholds. The system is employed and tested in six under construction projects in Karbala then evaluated by five principal staff members in each project through a questionnaire form. The system proves to be easy to install, data input is smooth, output is reliable, interaction between the user and the system is efficient, results are accurate, integration between the developed system and MS-project is effective, storage management is productive, early warning o...
In this study, the effect of rapid freezing and thawing (ASTM C666 procedure A) on three differen... more In this study, the effect of rapid freezing and thawing (ASTM C666 procedure A) on three different types of Geopolymer concrete studied using three types of pozzolanic material: fly ash, metakaolin and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS). The Geopolymer concrete was prepared using 400 kg of the pozzolanic material with alkaline liquid prepared at 8 molar concentration with normal fine and coarse aggregates. The ratio of alkaline to fly ash and GGBFS was 1.5: 1 and for metakaolin was 2: 1 for workability and compressive strength requirements. Specimens (100 × 100 × 400) mm were exposed to 100, 200 and 300 cycles of freezing and thawing. The decrease in measured compressive strength was (23, 43, and 26%) for Fly ash, metakaolin and GGBFS respectively. The investigated types of concrete showed good resistance to freezing and thawing. The durability factor of these types was (77%, 68%, and 81%) for fly ash, metakaolin, and GGBFS respectively.
Maǧallaẗ al-handasaẗ wa-al-tiknūlūǧiyā, Nov 28, 2023
AWA promotes fiber distribution within the concrete mix • AWA molecules' bonding could promot fib... more AWA promotes fiber distribution within the concrete mix • AWA molecules' bonding could promot fiber's impact on dynamics characterization. • Increasing microsteel fiber (MS) content from 1% to 1.5% significantly enhances impact resistance This study investigates the dynamic properties of Reactive Powder Underwater Concrete (RPUWC), a novel composite integrating attributes of Reactive Powder Concrete and underwater cast concrete. The study focuses on assessing the impact resistance, dynamic modulus of elasticity, rigidity, and Poisson's ratio. The influence of micro steel fibers (MS) at different volume fractions (1%, 1.25%, and 1.5%) and different anti-washout admixture (AWA) dosages (0.5%, 0.7%, and 0.9%) are examined. The findings indicate that increasing the MS content improves crack resistance and energy absorption, resulting in a substantial 155.6% enhancement in the first crack resistance when using 1.5% MS. Additionally, ultimate resistance improves by 158%. Furthermore, there are significant increases in the dynamic and modulus of rigidity as the MS percentage rises. The impact of AWA is rather limited, with a reduction in the dynamic modulus of 18.3% for 0.7% AWA and 30% for 0.9% AWA. Likewise, the modulus of rigidity decreases by 13% for 0.7% AWA and 23.9% for 0.9% AWA. Moreover, strong positive correlations between non-destructive testing (NDT) and ASTM C 215 equations are observed. This investigation addresses a significant knowledge gap, shedding light on optimizing underwater structures' performance by comprehending their dynamic response under varied MS and AWA ratios.
Lightweight aggregate (LWA) mortar is made using lightweight or low-density aggregate, which impr... more Lightweight aggregate (LWA) mortar is made using lightweight or low-density aggregate, which improves properties such as thermal insulation, durability for freezing and thawing, fire and temperature resistance, and sound insulation. This research aims to use lightweight fine aggregate obtained from crushing natural rocks that are locally called "Ponza" to produce LWA mortar with different mix proportions to study the possibility of using it to produce blocks that can be erected on the outer side of the walls of old buildings to provide good thermal insulation. It also presents a study about the internal curing property of the produced cement mortar, which comes from the absorbed water by the used surface-saturated dry Ponza aggregate. The process includes using three mix proportions (1:1, 1:0.7, and 1:0.5) by weight of cement: fine aggregate. The samples were cured by dividing them into five groups, including moist curing for 1, 3, 7, and 28 days and the fifth group was moist cured for 1 day and then covered by a thin layer of flan coat. Dry density, compressive strength, flexural strength, and thermal conductivity for ages (7, 28, and 56 days) have been tested. The findings indicate that it is possible to produce thermal insulating lightweight cement mortar with mixtures of 1:0.7 or 1:0.5 cement to LWA, using Ponza aggregate, since the results showed an acceptable range of compressive and flexural strengths reaching about 14.75 and 2.91 MPa, respectively, a bulk density of less than 1,600 kg/mm 3 , and a lower thermal conductivity than many building materials.
Construction waste is continually increasing due to everlasting need of new building and infrastr... more Construction waste is continually increasing due to everlasting need of new building and infrastructure development projects. This has become one of the major environmental problems all over the world. According to the European Union Waste Strategy, construction waste is considered as one of the priority waste streams. This research aims at finding out waste percentages of construction materials at the local construction industry in Karbala. Data of ten major construction materials are extracted from past records of thirty finished projects. In addition, a field study is employed to measure wastes of the same construction materials from six under construction projects. Data analysis is carried out using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Goodness of fit tests, and "t- Tests" under (99%) level of confidence are conducted. Results show that waste percentages of construction materials on local scale are fairly high and widely variable across the studied proje...
The development that has occurred in industries and technologies after the Industrial Renaissance... more The development that has occurred in industries and technologies after the Industrial Renaissance and beyond has led to consume a large amount of raw materials. The huge consumption of these materials is hard to be compensated. Therefore, it is necessary to find materials that can be recycled and environmentally friendly materials. Hence, the idea of sustainability, which states, the ability to meet our current needs without compromising the ability of future generation to meet theirs. It has become an urgent to produce materials that called environmentally friendly or sustainable materials. In the field of civil engineering, an important role has been played in producing of environmentally friendly concrete by using pozollanic materials. Using environmentally friendly concrete instead of traditional concrete can participate in reducing the effect of global warming. In this research, local materials like metakaolin and pozollanic materials such as, fly ash and grand granulated blast furnace slag GGBFS were used in the production of an environmentally friendly concrete which they are called Geopolymer concrete. The effect of pozzolanic material type and mixing ratios on compressive strength at 7, 28 and 60 days were studied.
Maǧallaẗ al-handasaẗ wa-al-tiknūlūǧiyā, Aug 1, 2018
In this study, different percentages (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% by weight of the soil) of chopped polym... more In this study, different percentages (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% by weight of the soil) of chopped polymeric (plastic bottles with maximum particle size 2.36 mm and 1.18 mm in addition to rubber tires of 0.6 mm max particle size) wastes are incorporated with soil to produce lightweight clay bricks, to find the optimum percentage satisfying the requirements of bricks grade C using for non-structural walls (partitions).The effects of different types and percentages of the polymeric wastes on firing shrinkage, density, water absorption, compressive strength and thermal conductivity of the fired bricks were studied. Results indicate that it is possible to incorporate not more than 8% of chopped rubber tires or not more than 6% of chopped bottles to the clay soil to produce lightweight fired clay bricks satisfying the compressive strength and water absorption requirements for grade C of bricks (used for partitions) according to the Iraqi specification IQS 25/1988, in addition to reducing the thermal conductivity by 13-17% which is desirable as it will reduce the energy required for heating and cooling. Also, found that the size of the incorporated particles of plastic wastes in clay, used for bricks manufacturing, did not have a significant effect on the different studied properties of bricks. In addition to, the incorporation of chopped rubber tires, having smaller particles size and more sphere particles shape, produce fired clay bricks with more homogeneous pores distribution and smaller size compared with clay brick incorporating chopped plastic wastes having flaky shape and larger particles size, leading to produce clay brick with higher density and strength, with lower water absorption. As a total results, the incorporation different types of polymeric wastes (chopped plastic bottles with 2.36 and 1.18 max size and chopped rubber tires) with percentages (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% by weight of soil) , cause the firing shrinkage a nd water absorption to increase by (0.6-20.2%) and (3-43.5%) respectively, while the density, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity decrease by (3.5-25.1%), (0.4-2.3%), and (2.1-31.9%) respectively with respect to the reference fired clay bricks, depending on the percentage, particles size, and type of the polymeric wastes addition.
In this research, an experimental investigation was conducted on eight modified slurry-infiltrate... more In this research, an experimental investigation was conducted on eight modified slurry-infiltrated fiber concrete (SIFCON) one-way plates to examine the performance of SIFCON-containing waste powder rubber as a partial substitute for natural sand (0, 5, 10, and 15%) under two point loads applied at the third portions of the plate after being subjected to a high temperature. The incorporation of rubber particles is primarily motivated by environmental concerns and the desire to reduce the danger of spalling after exposure to elevated temperatures. All adopted specimens had identical dimensions (1000 mm length, 300 mm width, and 50 mm thickness). Four specimens were exposed to fire for two hours at a constant temperature of 600°C, after which they were rapidly cooled by spraying them with water. The flexure behavior of the simply supported plates was evaluated by applying two point loads to the middle third of the plate (a test of four point load). The results revealed that the residu...
THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFORMATION SYSTEM (ICENIS) 2021: Topic of Energy, Environment, Epidemiology, and Information System
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018
This study investigates the behaviour of trapezoidal cross-sections self-compacting reinforced co... more This study investigates the behaviour of trapezoidal cross-sections self-compacting reinforced concrete beams under flexural failure, with and without strengthening with carbon fibre reinforced polymer CFRP. The studied beams were divided into two groups according to their cross-sections; each group included five beams, and the first group (T20) were those with trapezoidal cross-sections with dimensions length 1,600 × height 260 × width of 160 mm at the bottom and 200 mm at the top, while second group (T24) consisted of those with trapezoidal cross-sections with dimensions length 1,600 × height 260 × width of 160 mm at the bottom and 240 mm at the top. The experimental programme included studying the effects of top width on the flexural behaviour of beams with trapezoidal cross-sections, in addition to studying the effect of reinforcing those beams with varying numbers, locations, and methods of placement of CFRP strips. The experimental results showed that trapezoidal cross-sections with 240 mm top width gave higher ultimate load capacity by 4 to 11.54%, as well as offering lower deflection, compared to trapezoidal cross-sections with 200 mm top width. In addition, strengthening beams with CFRP strips leads to an increase in the ultimate load capacity by 4 to 24% in trapezoidal cross-section beams, reducing their deflection and delaying the appearance of the first crack in the concrete. It was found that applying CFRP strips to the maximum moment region increased the ultimate load capacity by an average of 4.17 to 7.7 % in comparison to beams strengthened with strips applied along the beam
In this study, different percentages (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% by weight of the soil) of chopped polym... more In this study, different percentages (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% by weight of the soil) of chopped polymeric (plastic bottles with maximum particle size 2.36 mm and 1.18 mm in addition to rubber tires of 0.6 mm max particle size) wastes are incorporated with soil to produce lightweight clay bricks, to find the optimum percentage satisfying the requirements of bricks grade C using for non-structural walls (partitions).The effects of different types and percentages of the polymeric wastes on firing shrinkage, density, water absorption, compressive strength and thermal conductivity of the fired bricks were studied. Results indicate that it is possible to incorporate not more than 8% of chopped rubber tires or not more than 6% of chopped bottles to the clay soil to produce lightweight fired clay bricks satisfying the compressive strength and water absorption requirements for grade C of bricks (used for partitions) according to the Iraqi specification IQS 25/1988, in addition to reducing the thermal conductivity by 13-17% which is desirable as it will reduce the energy required for heating and cooling. Also, found that the size of the incorporated particles of plastic wastes in clay, used for bricks manufacturing, did not have a significant effect on the different studied properties of bricks. In addition to, the incorporation of chopped rubber tires, having smaller particles size and more sphere particles shape, produce fired clay bricks with more homogeneous pores distribution and smaller size compared with clay brick incorporating chopped plastic wastes having flaky shape and larger particles size, leading to produce clay brick with higher density and strength, with lower water absorption. As a total results, the incorporation different types of polymeric wastes (chopped plastic bottles with 2.36 and 1.18 max size and chopped rubber tires) with percentages (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% by weight of soil) , cause the firing shrinkage a nd water absorption to increase by (0.6-20.2%) and (3-43.5%) respectively, while the density, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity decrease by (3.5-25.1%), (0.4-2.3%), and (2.1-31.9%) respectively with respect to the reference fired clay bricks, depending on the percentage, particles size, and type of the polymeric wastes addition.
This research aims to find the optimum percentage of polypropylene fibers that can be added to no... more This research aims to find the optimum percentage of polypropylene fibers that can be added to no-fines concrete. The fibers added to the (1:5, 1:6, and 1:7 mix proportions) concrete with volumetric percentages of (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5%), together with suitable amounts of superplasticizer to keep the flow percentage at (65-75%) using constant w/c ratio of 0.4. The results indicated that the optimum volumetric percentage of the added polypropylene fibers is 0.3% which needs small amount of superplasticizer of 0.5% by cement weight, to keep its flow equivalent to the reference mix. This percentage of fibers cause an increase in compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and modulus of
Construction materials waste management is the process of implementing a strategy that is capable... more Construction materials waste management is the process of implementing a strategy that is capable to reduce construction materials waste to the minimum. This research aims at developing a construction materials waste management system that can serve construction projects at the local construction industry in Iraq in minimizing waste at the execution phase and raising the interest in waste minimization by all participants. Results of a previous research held by the same authors are employed in the developed system as warning thresholds. The system is employed and tested in six under construction projects in Karbala then evaluated by five principal staff members in each project through a questionnaire form. The system proves to be easy to install, data input is smooth, output is reliable, interaction between the user and the system is efficient, results are accurate, integration between the developed system and MS-project is effective, storage management is productive, early warning o...
In this study, the effect of rapid freezing and thawing (ASTM C666 procedure A) on three differen... more In this study, the effect of rapid freezing and thawing (ASTM C666 procedure A) on three different types of Geopolymer concrete studied using three types of pozzolanic material: fly ash, metakaolin and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS). The Geopolymer concrete was prepared using 400 kg of the pozzolanic material with alkaline liquid prepared at 8 molar concentration with normal fine and coarse aggregates. The ratio of alkaline to fly ash and GGBFS was 1.5: 1 and for metakaolin was 2: 1 for workability and compressive strength requirements. Specimens (100 × 100 × 400) mm were exposed to 100, 200 and 300 cycles of freezing and thawing. The decrease in measured compressive strength was (23, 43, and 26%) for Fly ash, metakaolin and GGBFS respectively. The investigated types of concrete showed good resistance to freezing and thawing. The durability factor of these types was (77%, 68%, and 81%) for fly ash, metakaolin, and GGBFS respectively.
Uploads
Papers by Basil Salah