Papers by Basem ElHalawany
Guest Editorial: Emerging Trends and Challenges in Internet-of-Underwater-Things
IEEE internet of things magazine, Dec 1, 2022
Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, Dec 29, 2022
Several security tools have been described in recent times to assist security teams; however, the... more Several security tools have been described in recent times to assist security teams; however, the effectiveness and success remain limited to specific devices. Phishing is a type of cyberattack that uses fraudulent emails and websites to obtain personal information from unsuspecting users, such as passwords and credit card numbers. Hackers can gain access to your information through a variety of methods, and the most common of which are king, phishing, spear phishing, social engineering, and dictionary attacks. Each of these techniques is unique, but they all have the same goal: to obtain your personal information. Nevertheless, there is the potential to exploit this problem in terms of security. In this paper, we used the Bash Bunny (BB), a new tool designed to assist military, law enforcement, and penetration tester teams with their work to conduct exfiltration without privilege escalation through T1200, T1052, and T1052.001 techniques in air-gapped networks with effectiveness/success 99.706%.
Privacy-preserving and Efficient Decentralized Federated Learning-based Energy Theft Detector
GLOBECOM 2022 - 2022 IEEE Global Communications Conference, Dec 4, 2022
IET Communications
Millimetre wave (mmWave) communications, that is, 30 to 300 GHz, have intermittent short-range tr... more Millimetre wave (mmWave) communications, that is, 30 to 300 GHz, have intermittent short-range transmissions, so the use of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) seems to be a promising solution to extend its coverage. However, optimizing phase shifts (PSs) of both mmWave base station (BS) and RIS to maximize the received spectral efficiency at the intended receiver seems challenging due to massive antenna elements usage. In this paper, an online learning approach is proposed to address this problem, where it is considered a two-phase multi-armed bandit (MAB) game. In the first phase, the PS vector of the mmWave BS is adjusted, and based on it, the PS vector of the RIS is calibrated in the second phase and vice versa over the time horizon. The minimax optimal stochastic strategy (MOSS) MAB algorithm is utilized to implement the proposed two-phase MAB approach efficiently. Furthermore, to relax the problem of estimating the channel state information (CSI) of both mmWave BS and RIS, codebook-based PSs are considered. Finally, numerical analysis confirms the superior performance of the proposed scheme against the optimal performance under different scenarios.
IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society
The combination of radio-frequency (RF) communication and underwater optical wireless communicati... more The combination of radio-frequency (RF) communication and underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) plays a vital role in the underwater Internet of Things (UIoT). This correspondence proposes a dual-hop hybrid satellite underwater system that exploits non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) as a spectrum-efficient access technique. The RF link from the satellite to the relay on an oil platform is presumptively subject to a Shadowed-Rician (SR) fading, while the UOWC channels from the relay to the underwater destinations are suggested to follow Exponential-Generalized Gamma (EGG) distributions. The reliability of the system is characterized in terms of both underwater destinations and system outage probabilities (OPs). We derive new closed-form expressions for the OPs under imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) conditions. Furthermore, the asymptotic OP and the diversity order (DO) are obtained to learn more about the system's performance. The results are verified through an extensive representative Monte-Carlo simulation. Also, we investigate the performance against the turbulence of the salty water, air bubbles level (BL), temperature gradients (TG), shadowing parameters, and satellite pointing errors due to satellite motion, even if the beam is pointed at the center of the directive antenna relay, the beam will randomly oscillate. Finally, we contrast our approach with the conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme to demonstrate its superiority. INDEX TERMS Satellite, underwater optical wireless communication, non-orthogonal multiple access, outage probability.
Benha Journal of Applied Sciences
Software-Defined Network (SDN) is considered a breakthrough to the global network. It plays an im... more Software-Defined Network (SDN) is considered a breakthrough to the global network. It plays an important role in performance improvement and network optimization. SDN is a new mechanism for managing and designing networks rather than the current traditional network system which does not afford more services and higher data rates; therefore, we analyze the effect of applying load balancing techniques and its importance in different SDN environments. In this paper, we propose a dynamic server load balancing technique in SDN architecture. Hence, we implement a server Connection-based load balancing technique and evaluate its performance with a static Round-robin and Random-based in both mininet emulation environment and Raspberry Pi OpenFlow-enabled switch using Ryu OpenFlow controller. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with Round-robin and random distribution of clients' requests. The results show that the proposed technique achieves more reliability and higher resource utilization than the Round-robin and Randombased load balancing strategies. In addition, the proposed scheme exhibits more scalability and low-cost characteristics.
Frobenius Norm-Based IRS Selection Algorithm in Parallel Multi-IRS-assisted Spatial Modulation
2022 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops), May 16, 2022
Outage Performance of 6G NOMA Dual-Hop Hybrid RF-PLC System with Imperfect SIC
2022 13th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)
2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference: (VTC2022-Spring)
Reflecting intelligent surfaces (RIS) is a low-cost and energy-efficient solution to achieve high... more Reflecting intelligent surfaces (RIS) is a low-cost and energy-efficient solution to achieve high spectral efficiency in sixth-generation (6G) networks. The basic idea of RIS is to smartly reconfigure the signal propagation by using passive reflecting elements. On the other side, the demand of high throughput geostationary (GEO) satellite communications (SatCom) is rapidly growing to deliver broadband services in inaccessible/insufficient covered areas of terrestrial networks. This paper proposes a GEO SatCom network, where a satellite transmits the signal to a ground mobile terminal using multicarrier communications. To enhance the effective gain, the signal delivery from satellite to the ground mobile terminal is also assisted by RIS which smartly shift the phase of the signal towards ground terminal. We consider that RIS is mounted on a high building and equipped with multiple re-configurable passive elements along with smart controller. We jointly optimize the power allocation and phase shift design to maximize the channel capacity of the system. The joint optimization problem is formulated as nonconvex due to coupled variables which is hard to solve through traditional convex optimization methods. Thus, we propose a new −optimal algorithm which is based on Mesh Adaptive Direct Search to obtain an efficient solution. Simulation results unveil the benefits of RIS-assisted SatCom in terms of system channel capacity.
Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing
Achieving high network traffic demand in limited spectrum resources is a technical challenge for ... more Achieving high network traffic demand in limited spectrum resources is a technical challenge for the beyond 5G and 6G communication systems. To this end, ambient backscatter communication (AmBC) is proposed for Internet-of-Things (IoT), because the backscatter device (BD) can realize communication without occupying extra spectrum resources. Moreover, the spectral efficiency can be further improved by using two-way (TW) communication. However, secure communication is a great challenge for accessing massive IoT devices due to the broadcasting nature of wireless propagation environments. In light of this fact, this article proposed a two-way ambient backscatter communication (TW-AmBC) network with an eavesdropper. Specifically, the physical layer security (PLS) is studied through deriving the analytical/asymptotic expressions of the outage probability (OP) and intercept probability (IP). Moreover, the outage probabilities (OPs) in high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regions are studied fo...
Joint Sub-Carriers and Spreading Factors Allocation for LoRaWAN IoT Networks
2022 International Telecommunications Conference (ITC-Egypt)
MED-GPVS: A Deep Learning-Based Joint Biomedical Image Classification and Visual Question Answering System for Precision e-Health
ICC 2022 - IEEE International Conference on Communications
Joint Resources Allocation of Device-To-Device Communications Underlaying Cellular Networks
2019 7th International Japan-Africa Conference on Electronics, Communications, and Computations, (JAC-ECC)
Device-to-Device (D2D) communications underlaying cellular networks have emerged as a necessity f... more Device-to-Device (D2D) communications underlaying cellular networks have emerged as a necessity for a substantial increase in the system throughput and the number of active devices for the future cellular networks. In this paper, we investigate a joint power allocation and channel assignment problem for multi-pair D2D communications underlaying cellular networks over fading channels under different systems requirements. Specifically, we propose two primal-dual algorithms, where the objective of the first one is to maximize the total cell throughput under the different quality of service and power constraints, while the objective of the second one is to minimize the total power consumption. Simulations results show that the proposed algorithms achieve the targeted objectives in different signal-to-noise ratio regimes as well as enhance the D2D connectivity.
Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience
In this review, we intend to present a complete literature survey on the conception and variants ... more In this review, we intend to present a complete literature survey on the conception and variants of the recent successful optimization algorithm, Harris Hawk optimizer (HHO), along with an updated set of applications in well-established works. For this purpose, we first present an overview of HHO, including its logic of equations and mathematical model. Next, we focus on reviewing different variants of HHO from the available well-established literature. To provide readers a deep vision and foster the application of the HHO, we review the state-of-the-art improvements of HHO, focusing mainly on fuzzy HHO and a new intuitionistic fuzzy HHO algorithm. We also review the applications of HHO in enhancing machine learning operations and in tackling engineering optimization problems. This survey can cover different aspects of HHO and its future applications to provide a basis for future research in the development of swarm intelligence paths and the use of HHO for real-world problems.
On Softwarization of Intelligence in 6G Networks for Ultra-Fast Optimal Policy Selection: Challenges and Opportunities
IEEE Network
This paper investigates the performance of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) based hybrid sat... more This paper investigates the performance of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) based hybrid satellite-unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems, where a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communicates with the ground users via a decode and forward (DF) UAV relay. We investigate a two NOMA users system, where a far user (FU) and a near user (NU) are served by the UAV which is located at a certain height above the origin of the coverage circle. The channel between satellite and UAV is assumed to follow a Shadowed-Rician fading and the channels between UAV and users are assumed to follow a Nakagami-m fading. New closed-form expressions of the outage probabilities for the two users and the system are derived. Different from other work in literature, we take into consideration different parameters affecting the total link budget. Additionally, we propose an algorithm for minimizing the system outage probability. The mathematical analysis is verified by extensive representative Monte-Carlo (MC)...
Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive-Radio-Inspired NOMA Systems Under Imperfect SIC and Cochannel Interference
IEEE Systems Journal, 2021
In this article, we investigate the performance of spectrum sharing inunderlay cognitive radio (C... more In this article, we investigate the performance of spectrum sharing inunderlay cognitive radio (CR)-inspired nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems, at which a primary transmitter with a weak channel shares its spectrum with a secondary transmitter (ST) with a strong channel to promote the network spectrum efficiency. In this article, we derive closed-form expressions of the outage probabilities (OPs), in terms of elementary functions, and the ergodic capacities (ECs) of the two transmissions, in terms of exponential integral function, assuming imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) and cochannel interference. Moreover, the feasible range for the power-allocation factor to achieve a NOMA instantaneous data-rate gain for both nodes is investigated. The results reveal the degradation effects of imperfect SIC on the OP and EC of the ST. Additionally, the simulation shows a better sum EC of the proposed NOMA scheme compared with two reference schemes, namely the orthogonal multiple access and the underlay CR with interference temperature constraint scheme. Finally, the accuracy of the analytical results is verified with representative numerical simulations.
A new approach for server-based load balancing using software-defined networking
2017 Eighth International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Information Systems (ICICIS), 2017
The traditional load balancers suffer from inflexibility and difficulty to manage network flows a... more The traditional load balancers suffer from inflexibility and difficulty to manage network flows and they are very expensive hardware dedicated devices. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) gives a promising solution for traditional load balancer limitations. SDN is a new paradigm which enables programmability and centralized control for the network which offers inexpensive and flexible solutions. This paper aims to develop a new load balancing approach using SDN. We propose a “Bandwidth-based” load balancing approach that distributes the network requests among multiple servers based on the servers' bandwidth consumption. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated and compared with different load balancing schemes (Round-robin and Connections-based) under a mininet emulation and a Raspberry Pi-based implementation. Emulation and hardware implementation results reveal a better performance of the proposed approach compared to the two reference schemes.
2019 IEEE 89th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2019-Spring), 2019
This is a self-archived version of an original article. This version may differ from the original... more This is a self-archived version of an original article. This version may differ from the original in pagination and typographic details.
IEEE Access, 2020
Device-to-Device (D2D) communications underlaying cellular networks have emerged as a necessity f... more Device-to-Device (D2D) communications underlaying cellular networks have emerged as a necessity for a substantial increase in the system throughput and the number of active devices for the future cellular networks. In underlay D2D networks, it is conventional to use different interference management (IM) techniques to allow D2D transmitters to reuse the cellular users' subcarriers. Conventionally, those IM techniques pair a specific number (one or more) of D2D transmitters to each subcarrier and/or allow each D2D transmitter to transmit on a specific number of subcarriers simultaneously in order to achieve the target rates. Due to the mixed-integer nature of those IM techniques, convex optimization techniques can not be used, and usually complex heuristic or game-theoretic approaches are exploited. In this paper, we introduce a reduced-constraints approach to seek sub-optimal joint power allocation and channel assignment solutions for two non-convex, mixed-integer, and non-linear programs (MINLP). Specifically, via the reduced-constraints approach and variable transformation techniques, we can exploit primal-dual algorithms to solve system power minimization and energy-efficiency maximization problems. Extensive numerical simulation results show that the proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art techniques.
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Papers by Basem ElHalawany