Peer-Reviewed Articles by Hazrat Bahar
Global Media Journal - German Edition, 2023
The impacts of media, mainly social media, have attracted greater scholarly attention. However, t... more The impacts of media, mainly social media, have attracted greater scholarly attention. However, their effects on public policy development and the decision-making procedure of a government have not been examined so far. Thus, this study examines such effects in pre-Taliban Afghanistan before August 2021. Theories of signal detection and agenda-setting are adopted. Five variables (problem identification, media attention, perceived change, social media intensity, and relevance of social media) were conceptualized and operationalized to understand and measure the impact. Two data sets, qualitative and quantitative, were chosen on the eve of a presidential election (September 2019). For the first data set, a 63-question questionnaire was developed and piloted, and a purposive sample was chosen (N = 385). The second set contains in-depth interviews with government employees and bloggers. Findings show that social media influences public policy formulation and decisionmaking procedures. The results further reveal that social media are an essential vehicle for governance, have the potential to provide a networked public sphere, and bridge the communication gap between government and the public in a fragile state like Afghanistan.
Papers by Hazrat Bahar
Image of China in the Afghan media
Routledge eBooks, Aug 11, 2021
Kardan journal of social sciences and humanities, Jun 25, 2021
Since its creation in 1947, Pakistan's relations with Afghanistan have been mostly tense. This pa... more Since its creation in 1947, Pakistan's relations with Afghanistan have been mostly tense. This paper analyzes the trajectory of these relations and elements that have contributed to their hostility. A qualitative approach has been adopted, and in-depth interviews were conducted with respective experts of the region. Six issues were identified. Namely, they are the Durand Line, the Taliban (Afghan and Pakistani) and Baloch people, India's partnership with the Afghan government, Pashtunistan, water and its management, and the Afghan refugee in Pakistan. The study also examines ways and their implication for mitigating and bridging the widening gap between the two countries. The research's systematic presentation is expected to contribute to understanding the very complicated relationship between the two countries.
Media Asia, Apr 2, 2020
Advancement in communication technology evolved means and structure of media production. It also ... more Advancement in communication technology evolved means and structure of media production. It also democratized dissemination of information. Social media as a significant platform for political engagement are also used for both diffusion and propagation. This study examines disinformation and propaganda in war in the age of information particularly through social media. It analyzes Twitter's posts of the Afghan government and the Taliban, from January to March 2018. For understanding disinformation, 952 tweets of both parties were crosschecked with four national media outlets and a civilian protection advocacy group; and to recognize how the belligerents tried to present and propagate, their contents were analyzed to identify terms that dominate their outbound information. The study found discrepancy in information disseminated by the warring parties and mainstream media. Terrorism and Jihad were dominant frames of government and the Taliban, respectively. The findings could contribute to a greater body of literature regarding propaganda in operationalization of social media in the conflict zone.
How Social Media Is Dismantling Socio-Cultural Taboos in Afghanistan
Springer eBooks, 2022
How Social Media Is Dismantling Socio-Cultural Taboos in Afghanistan
Dismantling Cultural Borders Through Social Media and Digital Communications, 2022
Kardan Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
Since its creation in 1947, Pakistan's relations with Afghanistan have been mostly tense. This pa... more Since its creation in 1947, Pakistan's relations with Afghanistan have been mostly tense. This paper analyzes the trajectory of these relations and elements that have contributed to their hostility. A qualitative approach has been adopted, and in-depth interviews were conducted with respective experts of the region. Six issues were identified. Namely, they are the Durand Line, the Taliban (Afghan and Pakistani) and Baloch people, India's partnership with the Afghan government, Pashtunistan, water and its management, and the Afghan refugee in Pakistan. The study also examines ways and their implication for mitigating and bridging the widening gap between the two countries. The research's systematic presentation is expected to contribute to understanding the very complicated relationship between the two countries.
Image of China in the Afghan media
China and South Asia, 2021
Media Asia, 2020
Advancement in communication technology evolved means and structure of media production. It also ... more Advancement in communication technology evolved means and structure of media production. It also democratized dissemination of information. Social media as a significant platform for political engagement are also used for both diffusion and propagation. This study examines disinformation and propaganda in war in the age of information particularly through social media. It analyzes Twitter's posts of the Afghan government and the Taliban, from January to March 2018. For understanding disinformation, 952 tweets of both parties were crosschecked with four national media outlets and a civilian protection advocacy group; and to recognize how the belligerents tried to present and propagate, their contents were analyzed to identify terms that dominate their outbound information. The study found discrepancy in information disseminated by the warring parties and mainstream media. Terrorism and Jihad were dominant frames of government and the Taliban, respectively. The findings could contribute to a greater body of literature regarding propaganda in operationalization of social media in the conflict zone.
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Peer-Reviewed Articles by Hazrat Bahar
Papers by Hazrat Bahar