Umweltwissenschaften Und Schadstoff-forschung, 2008
ZusammenfassungDas 1992 unterzeichnete Übereinkommen über die biologische Vielfalt mit heute 190 ... more ZusammenfassungDas 1992 unterzeichnete Übereinkommen über die biologische Vielfalt mit heute 190 Vertragsstaaten verabschiedete im Jahr 2000 ein Arbeitsprogramm zur biologischen Vielfalt von agrarisch genutzten Systemen, das den Erhalt der Vielfalt von Sorten und Rassen wirtschaftlich genutzter Arten explizit mit einbezieht. Gemäß dem langfristigen Arbeitsplan der Konvention stand das Agrar-Programm bei der diesjährigen neunten Vertragsstaatenkonferenz (COP 9) zur Überprüfung an. Die vorbereitenden Sitzungen des wissenschaftlichen Beirats der Konvention ließen erwarten, dass besonders das Thema der aus Agrarprodukten gewonnenen Treibstoffe (Agrartreibstoffe) zu Kontroversen führen würde. Entsprechend schwierig gestalteten sich die Verhandlungen der 9. Vertragsstaatenkonferenz COP 9 in Bonn, in denen die Erzeugerstaaten die Klimaneutralität von Agrartreibstoffen betonten, die Importländer auf verlässliche Standards zur Nachhaltigkeit des Anbaus drängten und vor allem Entwicklungsländer die Gefahr des Verlusts von Anbaufläche für Nahrungsmittel zu bedenken gaben. Vertreter indigener Gruppen drängten auf die Einhaltung sozialer Standards in der Landwirtschaft und auf Anerkennung ihrer Landrechte. Ein am letzten Verhandlungstag auf Ministerebene ausgehandelter Kompromiss sieht vor, dass jedweder Anbau von Agrartreibstoffen nachhaltig in Bezug auf den Erhalt der Biodiversität zu erfolgen hat, dann aber gefördert werden soll. Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen sollen die positiven und negativen Auswirkungen des Anbaus über den gesamten Lebenszyklus erfassen.AbstractThe Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) originating from 1992 today has 190 Parties. In 2000 the convention decided on a programme of work on agricultural biodiversity which explicitly included the diversity of races and types of species used in agriculture. This programme was scheduled for an In-Depth Review at the Ninth Conference of the Parties (COP 9). The preparatory meetings of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice (SBSTTA) already indicated that the production and use of biofuels would be a controversial issue during COP. Parties producing biofuels emphasised the CO2 neutrality while importing countries called for standards for sustainable production. Developing countries mentioned the risk of losing agricultural area suitable for food production and indigenous representatives asked for social standards in agricultural production and respecting of their land ownership. A compromise could only be found at ministerial level during the last conference day, agreeing that all production of biofuels should be sustainable in relation to biodiversity and under this condition urging Parties to promote the production and use of biofuels. Research on the positive and negative impacts of biofuels should be conducted.
Fukushima Research Needs World's Support SERIOUS CONFUSION SURROUNDS THE ACCIDENT AT FUKUSHIMA DA... more Fukushima Research Needs World's Support SERIOUS CONFUSION SURROUNDS THE ACCIDENT AT FUKUSHIMA DAIICHI NUCLEAR POWER Plant with regard to the amount of permissible radiation exposure, particularly in children ("Fukushima revives the low-dose debate," D. Normile, News Focus, 20 May, p. 908; "Citizens fi nd radiation far from Fukushima," D. Normile, News & Analysis, 17 June, p. 1368). The primary reason for this confusion is the lack of scientifi c evidence (1). On 29 April, Osako Toshiso, Cabinet Advisor and a professor at University of Tokyo who specializes in radiation safety, offered a tearful resignation. He claimed that the 20-mSv limit on annual radiation exposure for elementary school playground use set by the government was too high, and recommended that it should be lowered to 1 mSv/year. The government says that these standards are based on those of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (2). These may be suitable for adults, but there is insuffi cient evidence to argue that the same standards apply to children. It is now necessary to initiate a large-scale cohort study of childhood thyroid cancer in the Fukushima region. This study would register all children in the affected region; periodically and accurately measure their internal and external radiation exposure; and follow the children for more than 10 years. This would mark the most important scientifi c study that Fukushima can now offer to the people of the world. This study would augment the lessons learned from Chernobyl. Although some middle-term (~10 years) and middle-scale studies have been published on Chernobyl (3-6), most recovery projects lacked economic support (7), and the subtle health effects of low-level radiation exposure have yet to be determined. A long-term and large-scale follow-up study of the Fukushima accident can provide fi rm and reliable evidence for low-dose effects of radiation exposure on thyroid cancer in children. Given the current confusion and disorder, it would be diffi cult for Japanese researchers and the Japanese government to execute such a study singlehandedly (8). However, they should not have to organize the effort alone. The risk of childhood exposure to radiation is a real one for people living in any region of the world. It is time to organize an international joint research team supported by countries worldwide to uncover lessons to be learned from Fukushima for the sake of future humanity.
Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Das Werk einschließlich aller seiner Teile ist urheberrechtlich geschütz... more Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Das Werk einschließlich aller seiner Teile ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung außerhalb der engen Grenzen des Urheberrechtsgesetzes ist ohne Zustimmung des des Autors unzulässig und strafbar. Das gilt insbesondere für Vervielfältigungen, Übersetzungen, Mikroverfilmungen und die Einspeisung und Verarbeitung in elektronischen Systemen.
'Biodiversity' is increasingly perceived as an important resource. Conservation, access and susta... more 'Biodiversity' is increasingly perceived as an important resource. Conservation, access and sustainable use of biodiversity (genetic resources, species, samples) are negotiated at political levels, resulting in an internationally binding legal framework. Understanding and awareness of export and import permits for biological samples is increasingly important for biologists to perform research projects legally and timely. Nevertheless, some biologists still export and import biological samples in disregard of or non-compliant with national and international legislation, conventions, and regulations. Resulting difficulties may not only cause serious problems during field work, but may also delay the export, import or exchange of samples. Comprehensive a priori information regarding legal requirements helps to avoid or at least diminish potential problems. We identified four major factors facilitating export/import permits: (1) good personal (mutually trusted) contacts in the country of origin, (2) understanding and compliance with all relevant laws and regulations; (3) access to information regarding knowledge on permits, regulations and laws including their circulation within the researcher communities and (4) access to consistent and up to date regulations and guidelines. We provide information on key issues to assist research teams trying to reduce problems and misunderstandings.
Worldwide, conservation initiatives have attempted to curb illegal harvest, use and trade of mari... more Worldwide, conservation initiatives have attempted to curb illegal harvest, use and trade of marine turtles at least since the 1950s. Despite some declines in local trade and consumption, these illegal activities are still often reported as a key threat to marine turtle populations. Reassessing and refining global conservation priorities for marine turtles allows us to formulate evidence-based strategies and effective interventions to address this threat. We surveyed a total of 103 marine turtle conservation researchers and practitioners globally to understand how conservation efforts can be better allocated to curb illegal harvest, use and trade. We explored the characteristics of these illegal activities, conservation priorities, challenges and lessons learnt. According to participants’ perceptions, progress has been achieved, but illegal harvest, use and trade remain pressing threats globally. Current challenges to addressing illegal activities relate to fisheries management, enf...
Worldwide, conservation initiatives have attempted to curb illegal harvest, use and trade of mari... more Worldwide, conservation initiatives have attempted to curb illegal harvest, use and trade of marine turtles at least since the 1950s. Despite some declines in local trade and consumption, these illegal activities are still often reported as a key threat to marine turtle populations. Reassessing and refining global conservation priorities for marine turtles allows us to formulate evidence-based strategies and effective interventions to address this threat. We surveyed a total of 103 marine turtle conservation researchers and practitioners globally to understand how conservation efforts can be better allocated to curb illegal harvest, use and trade. We explored the characteristics of these illegal activities, conservation priorities, challenges and lessons learnt. According to participants’ perceptions, progress has been achieved, but illegal harvest, use and trade remain pressing threats globally. Current challenges to addressing illegal activities relate to fisheries management, enf...
The study aims to compare the effectiveness of the Jigsaw technique and Conventional technique in... more The study aims to compare the effectiveness of the Jigsaw technique and Conventional technique in improving the students' reading comprehension ability on the descriptive text material of year VII. This research was quasi experiment conducted at State Junior High School 2 Purwokerto in the second semester of the academic year of 2017/2018. The Jigsaw and Conventional techniques were the independent variables, while students' reading comprehension ability was the dependent variable. The Jigsaw and Conventional classes consisted of 34, and 33 students respectively. The data collection used a test which had been tested theoretically and empirically by related experts. After the data were collected, the hypothesis testing used the t-test. The result of the hypothesis testing shows that the Jigsaw and Conventional techniques can improve students' reading comprehension ability. The Jigsaw technique proves to be more effective technique than Conventional technique. This can be seen from: (1) the post-test score, (2)the result of the t-test, which shows that the Jigsaw and Conventional classes show differences, (3) the Jigsaw class gets the higher average post-test score than Conventional class. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Jigsaw technique can be a good technique to improve students' reading comprehension ability in descriptive texts.
The study aims to compare the effectiveness of the Jigsaw technique and Conventional technique in... more The study aims to compare the effectiveness of the Jigsaw technique and Conventional technique in improving the students' reading comprehension ability on the descriptive text material of year VII. This research was quasi experiment conducted at State Junior High School 2 Purwokerto in the second semester of the academic year of 2017/2018. The Jigsaw and Conventional techniques were the independent variables, while students' reading comprehension ability was the dependent variable. The Jigsaw and Conventional classes consisted of 34, and 33 students respectively. The data collection used a test which had been tested theoretically and empirically by related experts. After the data were collected, the hypothesis testing used the t-test. The result of the hypothesis testing shows that the Jigsaw and Conventional techniques can improve students' reading comprehension ability. The Jigsaw technique proves to be more effective technique than Conventional technique. This can be seen from: (1) the post-test score, (2)the result of the t-test, which shows that the Jigsaw and Conventional classes show differences, (3) the Jigsaw class gets the higher average post-test score than Conventional class. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Jigsaw technique can be a good technique to improve students' reading comprehension ability in descriptive texts.
The workshop is part of a project which is funded and supported by the German Federal Ministry fo... more The workshop is part of a project which is funded and supported by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB).
The workshop is part of a project which is funded and supported by the German Federal Ministry fo... more The workshop is part of a project which is funded and supported by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB).
The publisher takes no guarantee for correctness, details and completeness of statements and view... more The publisher takes no guarantee for correctness, details and completeness of statements and views in this report as well as no guarantee for respecting private rights of third parties. Views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the publisher. This work with all its parts is protected by copyright. Any use beyond the strict limits of the copyright law without the consent of the publisher is inadmissible and punishable. Reprint, as well as in extracts, only with permission of Federal Agency for Nature Conservation.
Umweltwissenschaften Und Schadstoff-forschung, 2008
ZusammenfassungDas 1992 unterzeichnete Übereinkommen über die biologische Vielfalt mit heute 190 ... more ZusammenfassungDas 1992 unterzeichnete Übereinkommen über die biologische Vielfalt mit heute 190 Vertragsstaaten verabschiedete im Jahr 2000 ein Arbeitsprogramm zur biologischen Vielfalt von agrarisch genutzten Systemen, das den Erhalt der Vielfalt von Sorten und Rassen wirtschaftlich genutzter Arten explizit mit einbezieht. Gemäß dem langfristigen Arbeitsplan der Konvention stand das Agrar-Programm bei der diesjährigen neunten Vertragsstaatenkonferenz (COP 9) zur Überprüfung an. Die vorbereitenden Sitzungen des wissenschaftlichen Beirats der Konvention ließen erwarten, dass besonders das Thema der aus Agrarprodukten gewonnenen Treibstoffe (Agrartreibstoffe) zu Kontroversen führen würde. Entsprechend schwierig gestalteten sich die Verhandlungen der 9. Vertragsstaatenkonferenz COP 9 in Bonn, in denen die Erzeugerstaaten die Klimaneutralität von Agrartreibstoffen betonten, die Importländer auf verlässliche Standards zur Nachhaltigkeit des Anbaus drängten und vor allem Entwicklungsländer die Gefahr des Verlusts von Anbaufläche für Nahrungsmittel zu bedenken gaben. Vertreter indigener Gruppen drängten auf die Einhaltung sozialer Standards in der Landwirtschaft und auf Anerkennung ihrer Landrechte. Ein am letzten Verhandlungstag auf Ministerebene ausgehandelter Kompromiss sieht vor, dass jedweder Anbau von Agrartreibstoffen nachhaltig in Bezug auf den Erhalt der Biodiversität zu erfolgen hat, dann aber gefördert werden soll. Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen sollen die positiven und negativen Auswirkungen des Anbaus über den gesamten Lebenszyklus erfassen.AbstractThe Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) originating from 1992 today has 190 Parties. In 2000 the convention decided on a programme of work on agricultural biodiversity which explicitly included the diversity of races and types of species used in agriculture. This programme was scheduled for an In-Depth Review at the Ninth Conference of the Parties (COP 9). The preparatory meetings of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice (SBSTTA) already indicated that the production and use of biofuels would be a controversial issue during COP. Parties producing biofuels emphasised the CO2 neutrality while importing countries called for standards for sustainable production. Developing countries mentioned the risk of losing agricultural area suitable for food production and indigenous representatives asked for social standards in agricultural production and respecting of their land ownership. A compromise could only be found at ministerial level during the last conference day, agreeing that all production of biofuels should be sustainable in relation to biodiversity and under this condition urging Parties to promote the production and use of biofuels. Research on the positive and negative impacts of biofuels should be conducted.
Fukushima Research Needs World's Support SERIOUS CONFUSION SURROUNDS THE ACCIDENT AT FUKUSHIMA DA... more Fukushima Research Needs World's Support SERIOUS CONFUSION SURROUNDS THE ACCIDENT AT FUKUSHIMA DAIICHI NUCLEAR POWER Plant with regard to the amount of permissible radiation exposure, particularly in children ("Fukushima revives the low-dose debate," D. Normile, News Focus, 20 May, p. 908; "Citizens fi nd radiation far from Fukushima," D. Normile, News & Analysis, 17 June, p. 1368). The primary reason for this confusion is the lack of scientifi c evidence (1). On 29 April, Osako Toshiso, Cabinet Advisor and a professor at University of Tokyo who specializes in radiation safety, offered a tearful resignation. He claimed that the 20-mSv limit on annual radiation exposure for elementary school playground use set by the government was too high, and recommended that it should be lowered to 1 mSv/year. The government says that these standards are based on those of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (2). These may be suitable for adults, but there is insuffi cient evidence to argue that the same standards apply to children. It is now necessary to initiate a large-scale cohort study of childhood thyroid cancer in the Fukushima region. This study would register all children in the affected region; periodically and accurately measure their internal and external radiation exposure; and follow the children for more than 10 years. This would mark the most important scientifi c study that Fukushima can now offer to the people of the world. This study would augment the lessons learned from Chernobyl. Although some middle-term (~10 years) and middle-scale studies have been published on Chernobyl (3-6), most recovery projects lacked economic support (7), and the subtle health effects of low-level radiation exposure have yet to be determined. A long-term and large-scale follow-up study of the Fukushima accident can provide fi rm and reliable evidence for low-dose effects of radiation exposure on thyroid cancer in children. Given the current confusion and disorder, it would be diffi cult for Japanese researchers and the Japanese government to execute such a study singlehandedly (8). However, they should not have to organize the effort alone. The risk of childhood exposure to radiation is a real one for people living in any region of the world. It is time to organize an international joint research team supported by countries worldwide to uncover lessons to be learned from Fukushima for the sake of future humanity.
Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Das Werk einschließlich aller seiner Teile ist urheberrechtlich geschütz... more Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Das Werk einschließlich aller seiner Teile ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung außerhalb der engen Grenzen des Urheberrechtsgesetzes ist ohne Zustimmung des des Autors unzulässig und strafbar. Das gilt insbesondere für Vervielfältigungen, Übersetzungen, Mikroverfilmungen und die Einspeisung und Verarbeitung in elektronischen Systemen.
'Biodiversity' is increasingly perceived as an important resource. Conservation, access and susta... more 'Biodiversity' is increasingly perceived as an important resource. Conservation, access and sustainable use of biodiversity (genetic resources, species, samples) are negotiated at political levels, resulting in an internationally binding legal framework. Understanding and awareness of export and import permits for biological samples is increasingly important for biologists to perform research projects legally and timely. Nevertheless, some biologists still export and import biological samples in disregard of or non-compliant with national and international legislation, conventions, and regulations. Resulting difficulties may not only cause serious problems during field work, but may also delay the export, import or exchange of samples. Comprehensive a priori information regarding legal requirements helps to avoid or at least diminish potential problems. We identified four major factors facilitating export/import permits: (1) good personal (mutually trusted) contacts in the country of origin, (2) understanding and compliance with all relevant laws and regulations; (3) access to information regarding knowledge on permits, regulations and laws including their circulation within the researcher communities and (4) access to consistent and up to date regulations and guidelines. We provide information on key issues to assist research teams trying to reduce problems and misunderstandings.
Worldwide, conservation initiatives have attempted to curb illegal harvest, use and trade of mari... more Worldwide, conservation initiatives have attempted to curb illegal harvest, use and trade of marine turtles at least since the 1950s. Despite some declines in local trade and consumption, these illegal activities are still often reported as a key threat to marine turtle populations. Reassessing and refining global conservation priorities for marine turtles allows us to formulate evidence-based strategies and effective interventions to address this threat. We surveyed a total of 103 marine turtle conservation researchers and practitioners globally to understand how conservation efforts can be better allocated to curb illegal harvest, use and trade. We explored the characteristics of these illegal activities, conservation priorities, challenges and lessons learnt. According to participants’ perceptions, progress has been achieved, but illegal harvest, use and trade remain pressing threats globally. Current challenges to addressing illegal activities relate to fisheries management, enf...
Worldwide, conservation initiatives have attempted to curb illegal harvest, use and trade of mari... more Worldwide, conservation initiatives have attempted to curb illegal harvest, use and trade of marine turtles at least since the 1950s. Despite some declines in local trade and consumption, these illegal activities are still often reported as a key threat to marine turtle populations. Reassessing and refining global conservation priorities for marine turtles allows us to formulate evidence-based strategies and effective interventions to address this threat. We surveyed a total of 103 marine turtle conservation researchers and practitioners globally to understand how conservation efforts can be better allocated to curb illegal harvest, use and trade. We explored the characteristics of these illegal activities, conservation priorities, challenges and lessons learnt. According to participants’ perceptions, progress has been achieved, but illegal harvest, use and trade remain pressing threats globally. Current challenges to addressing illegal activities relate to fisheries management, enf...
The study aims to compare the effectiveness of the Jigsaw technique and Conventional technique in... more The study aims to compare the effectiveness of the Jigsaw technique and Conventional technique in improving the students' reading comprehension ability on the descriptive text material of year VII. This research was quasi experiment conducted at State Junior High School 2 Purwokerto in the second semester of the academic year of 2017/2018. The Jigsaw and Conventional techniques were the independent variables, while students' reading comprehension ability was the dependent variable. The Jigsaw and Conventional classes consisted of 34, and 33 students respectively. The data collection used a test which had been tested theoretically and empirically by related experts. After the data were collected, the hypothesis testing used the t-test. The result of the hypothesis testing shows that the Jigsaw and Conventional techniques can improve students' reading comprehension ability. The Jigsaw technique proves to be more effective technique than Conventional technique. This can be seen from: (1) the post-test score, (2)the result of the t-test, which shows that the Jigsaw and Conventional classes show differences, (3) the Jigsaw class gets the higher average post-test score than Conventional class. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Jigsaw technique can be a good technique to improve students' reading comprehension ability in descriptive texts.
The study aims to compare the effectiveness of the Jigsaw technique and Conventional technique in... more The study aims to compare the effectiveness of the Jigsaw technique and Conventional technique in improving the students' reading comprehension ability on the descriptive text material of year VII. This research was quasi experiment conducted at State Junior High School 2 Purwokerto in the second semester of the academic year of 2017/2018. The Jigsaw and Conventional techniques were the independent variables, while students' reading comprehension ability was the dependent variable. The Jigsaw and Conventional classes consisted of 34, and 33 students respectively. The data collection used a test which had been tested theoretically and empirically by related experts. After the data were collected, the hypothesis testing used the t-test. The result of the hypothesis testing shows that the Jigsaw and Conventional techniques can improve students' reading comprehension ability. The Jigsaw technique proves to be more effective technique than Conventional technique. This can be seen from: (1) the post-test score, (2)the result of the t-test, which shows that the Jigsaw and Conventional classes show differences, (3) the Jigsaw class gets the higher average post-test score than Conventional class. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Jigsaw technique can be a good technique to improve students' reading comprehension ability in descriptive texts.
The workshop is part of a project which is funded and supported by the German Federal Ministry fo... more The workshop is part of a project which is funded and supported by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB).
The workshop is part of a project which is funded and supported by the German Federal Ministry fo... more The workshop is part of a project which is funded and supported by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB).
The publisher takes no guarantee for correctness, details and completeness of statements and view... more The publisher takes no guarantee for correctness, details and completeness of statements and views in this report as well as no guarantee for respecting private rights of third parties. Views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the publisher. This work with all its parts is protected by copyright. Any use beyond the strict limits of the copyright law without the consent of the publisher is inadmissible and punishable. Reprint, as well as in extracts, only with permission of Federal Agency for Nature Conservation.
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