Papers by Athenaeum Scientific Publishers | Open Access Journals | Research Journals
Journal of Orthopaedic Science and Research, 2025
Background: Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty (rTHA) is projected to increase substantially in volu... more Background: Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty (rTHA) is projected to increase substantially in volume. Dual-Mobility (DM) implants, composed of articulating surface between femoral head and liner, have gained popularity for their potential to reduce hip instability and dislocations due to the larger DM femoral head options. This study aimed to evaluate early outcomes and survivorship of a novel DM implant for rTHA. Methods: This was a retrospective, multicenter study to assess clinical outcomes of 199 patients undergoing rTHA with a novel DM implant from April 2018 to July 2023. Patient demographics, clinical outcomes and implant survivorship were collected and analyzed. Primary outcomes included 90-day Emergency Department (ED) visits and readmissions, reoperations, revisions and overall implant survivability. Preoperative and postoperative Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Score for Joint Replacement (HOOS, JR) were also analyzed. Results: 108 patients achieved minimum 1-year of clinical follow-up and 50 patients achieved minimum 2-years of clinical follow-up. Patients who received the novel DM implant were a mean of 67.3 years old, with the majority of the patients being women (58.0%) and of white race (68.0%). Mean BMI of patients was 29.5. Five patients (2.51%) had 90-day ED visits and readmissions due to dislocation (n = 3, 1.5%) and infection (n = 2, 1%). Two patients (1%) had revision of the acetabular component due to instability and one (0.5%) underwent close reduction a the dislocated rTHA. Patients experienced significant improvements in mean HOOS, JR scores at all postoperative time points, surpassing the minimally clinically important difference for HOOS, JR (18.0). Conclusion This novel DM acetabular implant demonstrated excellent survivorship of the acetabular component up to 4 years (99% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.978-0.995], for both) of follow-up in complex rTHA cases, with low rates of instability and no reported episode of metallosis. Patients demonstrated clinically significant improvements in HOOS, JR at 2-years post-op.
Journal of Dermatology Research, 2025
Livedoid Vasculopathy (LV) is an uncommon thrombotic occlusive vasculopathy presenting with chron... more Livedoid Vasculopathy (LV) is an uncommon thrombotic occlusive vasculopathy presenting with chronic relapsing-remitting painful skin ulcerations, predominantly affecting the feet and ankles bilaterally. LV can be idiopathic or secondary to varied causes including endothelial, rheological, haemostatic or fibrinolytic pathologies. We describe three LV cases here in with a review of the current literature on its epidemiology, risk factors and management options. It is of quite clinical significance to differentiate the LV from vasculitic disorders, as the management of the latter being based on immunosuppression, whereas LV treatment is mostly based around anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy.
Journal of Dermatology Research, 2025
Introduction: Secondary Cutaneous Lymphomas (SCL) result from nodal or extranodal lymphoma dissem... more Introduction: Secondary Cutaneous Lymphomas (SCL) result from nodal or extranodal lymphoma dissemination and are characterized by skin infiltration. Diagnosing SCL is complex and requires clinical, histopathological and molecular evaluations. SCL can present with diverse manifestations, with disseminated lesions indicating a poor prognosis. This report describes a rare case of ALK-positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) with cutaneous involvement. Case Report: An 18-year-old male presented with an eight-month history of a tumoral lesion with serohematic crusts on the anterior thoracic region and satellite erythematous-violaceous nodules. No systemic B symptoms were reported. Histopathology revealed a diffuse proliferation of large pleomorphic lymphoid cells in the dermis and hypodermis. Immunohistochemistry showed strong positivity for CD30, EMA and ALK, supporting the diagnosis of secondary cutaneous involvement by ALK-positive nodal/systemic ALCL. Bone marrow biopsy confirmed lymphoma infiltration. The patient was referred for surgical and hematological evaluation and initiated chemotherapy protocols. Discussion: SCL accounts for up to 50% of cutaneous lymphomas and presents as nodules, plaques or ulcerations. Disseminated lesions within six months of diagnosis reduce survival rates significantly. Accurate differentiation between primary and secondary lymphoproliferative diseases requires imaging, bone marrow biopsy and molecular techniques. Treatment includes chemotherapy, radiotherapy and emerging therapies such as checkpoint inhibitors, CART cells and targeted agents like brentuximab vedotin. ALK-positive ALCL is generally associated with a more favorable prognosis compared to ALK-negative subtypes. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and intervention are critical for improving survival in SCL patients. Dermatologists play a crucial role in recognizing these lesions and initiating multidisciplinary management.
Journal of Clinical Medical Research, 2025
Background: Lupus Nephritis (LN) is one of the more common and serious manifestations of Systemic... more Background: Lupus Nephritis (LN) is one of the more common and serious manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). It is regarded as both a strong predictor and a leading cause for morbidity and mortality amongst those who suffer from the disease. Objectives: To observe the variable histopathological patterns of lupus nephritis by renal biopsy and to observe whether American College of Rheumatology (ACR) guidelines are being followed during treating the LN patients or not. Patients and Methods: The charts of 30 consecutive patients with biopsy proven lupus nephritis admitted into Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January 2014 to June 2014 were studied. Patient with SLE without evidence of LN (defined by proteinuria more than 0.5 gm/24 hours and/or haematuria, cellular casts) were excluded. Result: The mean age of was 26.63 ± 9.73 SD years and male:female ratio was 0.15. There were ANA positive 100% , Anti-ds DNA positive 83.3% and all the patients (100%) had low complement (C3 and C4) level.Percutaneous renal biopsy showed predominant types of lupus nephritis was Class IV (33.3%), then Class III (26.7%). Mean Activity Index (AI) 7.83 ± 2.52 and Chronicity Index (CI) 1.4 ± 1.9. In management of 76.67% received intravenous pulse methylprednisolone, 63.3% received intravenous pulse high-dose cyclophosphamide and 16.67% received Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF). Conclusions: In spite of MMF's more safety profile, Cyclophosphamide was generally used as a first line agent in this study for financial constance. Though the induction regimen of Cyclophosphamide used in DMCH was similar to ACR guideline, but the maintenance regimen was not followed by ACR guideline which was consistent with the KDIGO (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes) guideline. But the regimen of MMF and glucocorticoids used in management of LN patients was similar to ACR guideline, 2012.
Journal of Clinical Medical Research, 2025
Objective: This study aimed to determine the association between Asia-Pacific classification of b... more Objective: This study aimed to determine the association between Asia-Pacific classification of body mass index, waist circumference and waist hip ratio and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 moderate & severe patients at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study involved adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19. 182 patients were analyzed and divided into 167 moderate and 15 severe COVID-19 patients. Primary outcomes (respiratory decompensation, septic shock and mortality) of patients were compared among Asia Pacific BMI groups. Results: Among patients with moderate and severe COVID-19, 7 out of 10 patients were obese. Respiratory decompensation and sepsis were more frequently seen in obese patients. Obesity and waist circumference were significantly associated with the odds of respiratory decompensation (95% CI p=0.010 and p=0.002), however this association was not sustained upon adjustment for confounders. On univariate analysis, waist and hip circumferences were significantly associated with the odds of ICU admission (95% CI, p=.013 and p=.034), however after controlling for confounders, only hip ratio retained significant association. Among patients with severe COVID-19, there was insufficient evidence to support significant variations in distributions of outcomes of interest across Asia-Pacific Body Mass Index (BMI) groups. Conclusion: Our study emphasized that although respiratory decompensation and sepsis were more frequently seen in obese patients. Progression of respiratory decompensation and mortality is not significantly associated with obesity as defined by the Asia Pacific BMI classification, warranting the need for larger prospective studies.
Journal of Dental Health and Oral Research, 2025
Background: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of statins on patients with diabetes a... more Background: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of statins on patients with diabetes and smoking comorbidities who subsequently developed Acute Periapical Abscesses (APAs) by reviewing nearly 1.8 million patient medical records. Methodology: This study investigated the effect of statins on APA incidence in patients by reviewing nearly 1.8 million patient medical records. Results: The odds of developing APAs were significantly reduced for patients taking certain statins. When adjusting for diabetes comorbidity, all statins studied reduced the OR significantly. When adjusting for smoking comorbidity, atorvastatin and pravastatin reduced the odds of developing APAs by almost 2 times (OR 1.22, p<0.0001) and (OR 1.27, p<0.0001), respectively. Conclusion: These findings suggest that statins, beyond their lipid-lowering properties, may offer additional health benefits, including a reduced risk of APAs.
Journal of Dental Health and Oral Research, 2025
There has been a long tradition of improving an oral hygiene using plant products, in the treatme... more There has been a long tradition of improving an oral hygiene using plant products, in the treatment of various diseases. These plant products have various pharmacological actions like antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antianxiety, antinociceptive, etc, after clinical trials are done and due to this Ayurveda is gaining its importance in dentistry. The herbs and essential oils are available in different forms and their preparations are used to treat various mucosal lesions. A comprehensive literature search in PubMed, Google Scholar and contents were screened from 1999 to 2024 by going through the title and abstract and full text reading, a total 44 articles were selected for final review. Thus, this article aims to review the prospects and perspectives of use of Ayurveda in Dentistry as a whole.
Journal of Surgery Research and Practice, 2025
Introduction: Complete avulsion of Achilles tendon is common and treatment is challenging which c... more Introduction: Complete avulsion of Achilles tendon is common and treatment is challenging which can be trephination with suturing anchoring technique or peroneus brevis tendon transfer. The aim of the study was to evaluate the functional outcomes of ankles following Achilles tendon repair by comparing trephination with peroneus brevis tendon transfer in total avulsion injury. Methods: A single center prospective randomized study that consisted of 31 patients with Achilles tendon injuries who presented between April, 2019 and December, 2021 on account of complete avulsion injury of the Achilles tendon. Thirty-one (31) patients were randomized into two groups: Group A consisted of 16 patients who had trephination with suture anchoring technique while group B, consisted of 15 patients who had peroneus brevis tendon transfer. Achilles tendon injuries transected at least 10 mm above the calcaneus were excluded and repaired with conventional techniques. The inclusion criteria involved those patients that had complete avulsion injury. The socio-demographic data such as sex, age, occupation, mechanism of injury was documented. The outcome parameters were Endurance test and Proprioceptive evaluation. Results: Eighteen patients (58.1%) had right heel injuries while 13 patients (41.9%) had left leg injuries. About 16[51.6%] patients had trephination while 15[48.4%] patients had peroneus brevis tendon transfer. The age range was 3.2 and 8 years, with a mean age of 5.7years and a follow-up period of 10.4 and 14.8 months. All patients had open wounds. Seventeen males [63.6%] and fourteen females [36.4%] paediatric age group were studied. Complications were re-rupture in 1 patient with tendon transfer (3.2%), superficial surgical site infection in 3 patients (9.7%) and two sural nerve damage in peroneus brevis transfer (6.5%), stiff ankle joint 2 patients (6.2%) and post operative ankle pains up to 2 years was (1) 3.2%. The probability of damaging sural nerve was higher in peroneus brevis transfer as shown in Table 2, Achilles tendon rupture 1(3.2%) and stiff ankle joint in trephination 1 (3.2%). There was no significant statistical difference between the groups with p-value ≥ 0.06. Endurance test and proprioceptive evaluations were satisfactory at 8-10 weeks post-surgery. Conclusion: Achilles tendon trephination was simpler with less structural injury compared with peroneus brevis tendon transfer in total Achilles tendon transfer.
Journal of Surgery Research and Practice, 2025
A serious risk of potentially fatal hemorrhage is associated with adherent placenta percreta, an ... more A serious risk of potentially fatal hemorrhage is associated with adherent placenta percreta, an uncommon variation of Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) illnesses. An even rarer occurrence is bladder involvement, which can occasionally manifest as extensive hematuria alone. Therefore, hematuria during pregnancy, whether microscopic or macroscopic, should be regarded as concerning symptoms that need to be addressed right once. In situations of placenta percreta that are suspected or confirmed, early urologist and multidisciplinary medical team involvement is particularly crucial because prompt surgical intervention may be required to guarantee patient safety. We describe the case of a 33-year-old lady who had three cesarean procedures in the past and who complained of lightheadedness and bloody urine at 28 weeks.
Journal of Orthopaedic Science and Research, 2025
Introduction: Implants designed for Cruciate Retaining (CR) Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) are a r... more Introduction: Implants designed for Cruciate Retaining (CR) Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) are a relatively novel development. Medial dished tibial inserts have a more constraining medial side, which allows for similar kinematics and function to a native knee. The purpose of this study was to analyze clinical and patient-reported outcomes following CR TKA using a kinematicallydesigned system. Methods: A multicenter retrospective review of 139 patients who underwent primary elective TKA utilizing a novel kinematically designed CR Knee System (JOURNEY™ II CR Medial Dished; Smith and Nephew, Memphis, TN) between February 2022 and July 2023 was conducted. Patients from three different institutions with at least two years of follow-up were included in this study. Demographic information, clinical outcomes and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) were collected and analyzed. Results: Our study included 139 TKA patients. The average age was 66.1 years and 37.4% of patients were male and 62.6% were female. The primary diagnosis for all patients was primary Osteoarthritis (OA). The average length of stay was 1.3 days and 95% of patients were discharged home. The remaining 5% went to a Skilled Nursing Facility (SNF). Within 90 days of surgery, two patients visited the Emergency Department (1.4%) and six patients were readmitted (4.3%). The two-year implant survivorship rate was 98.6%, with two patients undergoing revisions: one for Periprosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) and one for wound dehiscence. The average increase in KOOS, JR scores from preoperative to two-years postoperative (25.9) reached the minimal clinically important difference (16.2 to 35.6). Conclusion: The high survivorship rate and significant increase in PROMs indicates that a medially constrained, CR tibial insert is a safe and effective option for use in TKA. Further research is warranted in studying long-term survivorship.
Journal of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, 2025
Lactobacillus acidophilus is a commonly used probiotic that offers numerous health benefits in th... more Lactobacillus acidophilus is a commonly used probiotic that offers numerous health benefits in the human gut, particularly in addressing various disorders. L. acidophilus North Carolina Food Microbiology (NCFM), a specific and well-characterized strain, has been classified by the US FDA as "Generally Recognized As Safe" (GRAS) for inclusion in dairy fermentation and probiotic formulations, highlighting its potential for engineered probiotic applications. Mathematical kinetic models allow for the development of time-course profiles for the metabolites produced by these bacteria, which can be used in future metabolic engineering or synthetic biology projects but a whole cell kinetic model L. acidophilus NCFM has not yet been established. In this study, a whole-cell simulatable model of L. acidophilus NCFM (lacAS24) was developed using an ab initio approach, identifying enzymes based on its published genome. The resulting model encompasses 580 metabolites, 231 enzymes with 581 enzymatic reactions. This preliminary model provides a basis for further incorporating additional cellular functions or novel growth mechanisms supporting future advances in biotechnology.
Journal of Dermatology Research, 2025
Background: Dermatophytoses, commonly known as "ringworm", are superficial fungal infections that... more Background: Dermatophytoses, commonly known as "ringworm", are superficial fungal infections that affect the skin, hair, and nails. Objective: To evaluate the clinical features of dermatophyte infection and identify the causative fungal species by direct microscopic examination and mycological culture. Methods: The study was conducted over one year and included patients of both sexes and different ages. Scrapings were taken from skin, hair, and nails. Collected samples were subjected to KOH 10% to detect fungal elements. Additionally, mycological cultures were performed on modified Sabouraud's dextrose liquid media incubated at room temperature for 1 to 6 weeks, then examined microscopically to identify fungi at the species level. Results: In this study, a total of 100 patients were included, with a mean age of 30.29 ± 16.00 years. Fifty-six percent (56%) of the patients were female, and sixty-two percent (62%) of the patients resided in urban areas. T. corporis was observed in forty-six patients (46.0%), followed by T. cruris, which was present in twenty-three patients. The majority of patients (85.0%) presented with a non/ minimal inflammatory type. Trichophyton rubrum was the most commonly found, accounting for thirty-three cases (45.8%), this was followed by Epidermophyton floccosum (26.3%) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (16.7%). The majority of tinea corporis cases were caused by Trichophyton rubrum, while tinea cruris cases were mostly caused by Epidermophyton floccosum. It was noted that most cases of Trichophyton rubrum and Epidermophyton floccosum presented with a non/ minimal inflammatory character. Microsporum gallinae, a species rarely isolated in our country, was presented in two patients with tinea capitis in this study, accounting for 2.8% of cases. Conclusion: Trichophyton rubrum an anthropophilic fungi was the most common isolated species. Anthropophilic infections are often epidemic in nature. Therefore, implementing preventive measures is crucial to restrict spread of infection.
Journal of Ophthalmology and Advance Research, 2025
Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a complex, multifactorial, progressive retinal disease ... more Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a complex, multifactorial, progressive retinal disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Alterations in phototransduction, renewal of the outer segments of photoreceptors, visual transduction and retinol metabolism have a major impact on retinal health. Mutations within any of the molecules responsible for these visual processes cause different types of degenerative retinal diseases. Increase in membrane potential caused by accidental binding to a foreign molecule, increased temperature or ocular pressure could trigger an electrochemical overload in the photoreceptor which would be inappropriately depolarized. The signs of this process are clearly visible with Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): hyperreflective vertical lines that cross the choroid at the points of interruption of the ellipsoid zone resulting in atrophy and compromise of the outer hematoretinal barrier. The occasional finding of these lines would represent the first clinical sign of a degenerative process which could subsequently give rise to those events characterizing AMD.
Journal of Pediatric Advance Research, 2025
Background: Breast cancer incidence is significantly higher in patients with a family history, at... more Background: Breast cancer incidence is significantly higher in patients with a family history, attributed to epigenetic modifications and environmental triggers, regardless of age. Aim: study relation between female workers' history and their knowledge about breast cancer, breast-self-examination and preventive measures. Subjects and Methods: A study of 323 Beni-Suef University working women was conducted, focusing on various faculties, from December 2023 to May 2024. Tools: Tool I: A structured interviewing questionnaire sheet and Tool II: women's knowledge about breast cancer, breast self-examination and breast cancer preventive measures. Results: 70.0% of females do not have breast problems, 33.0% have discharge issues, 48.3% of them were unaware of how to perform breast self-examination and 74.9% of them did not practice it. Moreover, 73.1% didn't have a family history of breast cancer and 44.9% get information about breast cancer from social media. Regarding total knowledge level about breast cancer, breast self-examination and breast cancer preventive measures (71.80%, 24.2%, 4%) with the following levels: poor, average and good, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that no statistically significant relation between family history of breast cancer, having a mammogram and history of breast problems of the studied female workers and their total knowledge about breast cancer, breast self-examination and breast cancer preventive measures. Recommendations: Spot that medical knowledge should be taken from medical specialist not from social media.
Journal of Dental Health and Oral Research, 2025
The limited availability of tissue for reconstruction in cleft surgery necessitates stringent con... more The limited availability of tissue for reconstruction in cleft surgery necessitates stringent control of surgical site infections, as any infection can result in detrimental outcomes for the surgical site and fragile tissue. The type, number and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens present preoperatively have increased exponentially in infants with a cleft, adversely affecting treatment outcomes. This study aimed to determine whether the microbial composition and diversity could be altered during the post-obturpaedic period through the application of probiotics. A prospective study was conducted, including 75 consecutive patients scheduled for primary repair of the cleft in the soft palate. The average age of the patients was 8 months and 15 days, with a gender distribution of 36 males and 39 females. This research was conducted in a private practice specialising in cleft surgery. All procedures were performed by a single surgeon. Written consent from patients or patient's guardian and health clearance from a paediatric physician were prerequisites for inclusion in the study. Probiotics were administered for 14 days prior to primary palatal surgery. Swabs were collected from the surgical site in all 75 patients before the application of the disinfectant and were analysed for microscopy, culture and sensitivity. The results were compared with three previous studies from the same facility. Pathogenic microorganisms were cultured in 63/75 patients (84%), representing a 13% improvement compared to the study published in 2022 by the same institution. Additionally, the diversity of species decreased from 42 to 23. The most prevelant pathogen, Klebsiella pneumoniae, was identified in 30.6% of cases, reflecting a 15% reduction compared to the 2022 study. The reduction in both the number and diversity of pathogenic microorganisms, as well as in their resistance to antimicrobial preoperative application, is a positive outcome. These findings suggest that probiotics contribute to the prevention of postoperative infections and support improved surgical outcomes.
Journal of Ophthalmology and Advance Research, 2025
Objective: Yamane, et al., introduced a sutureless Scleral Fixation of Intraocular Lens (SFIOL) t... more Objective: Yamane, et al., introduced a sutureless Scleral Fixation of Intraocular Lens (SFIOL) technique using 30-gauge thin-wall needles to externalize both haptics of a three-piece Intraocular Lens (IOL) through transconjunctival sclerotomies. This technique has some limitations and challenges such as the creation of symmetrical sclerotomies and the externalization of haptics. Therefore, we propose a modified approach employing trocars and forceps as an alternative method to externalize the IOL haptics. Methods: Six eyes of 6 patients underwent this modified technique consists of using two 27gauce trocars to create symmetrical angled scleral tunnels and a three-piece IOL (MA50BM, Alcon Inc., Fort Worth, USA). A pair of 27-gauge microforceps is also used to externalize the IOL haptics instead of needles. Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) and occurrence of complications were the main outcomes measured. Results: The mean BCVA was 1.18 0.48 logMAR (range 0.7-2) and improved to 0.096 0.123 logMAR (range 0-0.3) at their most recent postoperative consultation. There were no complications. Using forceps to directly grip and externalize the haptics not only avoids the complexities of threading the haptic through a thin needle, but also reduces surgical time. The increased robustness and larger optic diameter of the MA50BM IOL reduces the effects of a mild decentration compared to the CT Lucia 602 three-piece IOL (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany) that is commonly employed in the standard Yamane technique. Conclusion: Our procedure achieved satisfactory results comparable to outcomes described by Yamane, et al., without occurrence of any complications.
Journal of Ophthalmology and Advance Research, 2025
Introduction: Glaucoma is a chronic and silent disease whose clinical care is based on early dete... more Introduction: Glaucoma is a chronic and silent disease whose clinical care is based on early detection and patient adherence to treatment. The aim of this study was to identify the level of knowledge and attitudes of patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) followed at the ophthalmology department of Bouake's University Hospital. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective and prospective study that was carried out on 55 glaucoma patients in Bouake's University Hospital for 35 days. This study focused on the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices of patients suffering from POAG. Results: Fifty five patients were able to respond to our questionnaires, with an average age of 42.64 years, with a female predominance of 51.40%, a sex ratio of 0.94. Patients with knowledge of glaucoma were the most numerous (91.76%). This knowledge was taught to patients by health workers (82.35%). Self-medication was practiced by 47.14% of glaucoma patients. The majority of patients claimed to have respected the dosage of medication in 94.3% but the majority had stopped treatment without any medical advice (58.60%).
Journal of Surgery Research and Practice, 2025
Background: Postoperative gallstone formation is a significant complication following Laparoscopi... more Background: Postoperative gallstone formation is a significant complication following Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG). However, the risk factors and prevention strategies are not yet fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for gallstone formation after LSG and provide insights into their prevention and management. Methods: A single-center retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent LSG at our hospital between June 2015 and June 2023. The study included patients diagnosed with obesity and met the indications for LSG. Data on patient characteristics, surgical procedures and postoperative follow-up were collected and analyzed using SPSS26.0. Binary logistic regression was utilized to evaluate the impact of various factors on the occurrence of gallstones after LSG. Results: A total of 172 patient records were collected for this study. After excluding patients with preoperative gallbladder stones, those who underwent cholecystectomy and those who did not complete regular follow-ups, a final sample of 140 patients was included. The average age was 31.59±7.94 years, with a mean preoperative weight of 110.84±24.41 kg and a mean preoperative BMI of 39.58±7.37 kg/m². The average operation time was 74.6±20.0 minutes and the average hospital stay was 7.1±2.9 days. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that Excess Weight loss at 6 months (EWL6) was a risk factor for post-LSG gallstone formation (P<0.05), while age, gender, BMI, EWL12, TWL6, TWL12，hypertension, diabetes, degree of hepatic steatosis, presence of duodenal ulcer inflammation and presence of gastritis were not identified as risk factors for gallstone formation after LSG (P>0.05). Conclusion: This study identified excess weight loss at 6 months as a significant risk factor for gallstone formation after LSG. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and develop effective prevention and management strategies for postoperative gallstone formation in patients undergoing LSG.
Journal of Neuro and Oncology Research, 2025
Introduction: Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) refers to damage to the spinal cord, which can result from... more Introduction: Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) refers to damage to the spinal cord, which can result from traumatic events such as falls, traffic accidents or violence, as well as non-traumatic causes. Spinal cord injuries resulting from ependymoma space-occupying lesions represent a significant clinical challenge due to their rarity and complex presentation. Case Description: Our patient is a 57-year-old male businessman who underwent a laminectomy surgery at C7 and T1 one and a half months ago. He came to us with complaints of being unable to transfer himself, stand or walk due to a loss of muscle function in his lower limbs. During the past 1.5 months, the patient has not received any form of physiotherapy. Examination: NPRS, Spirometer, PEFR, SCIM ASIA, FIST and WISCI scales were taken. Intervention: Patient received a tailor-made goal-oriented intervention 5 days a week where the protocol was provided for over a session of 1.5 to 2 hours. Outcome: NPRS improved from 8 to 0, UEMS improved from 44 to 50. SCIM improved from 20 to 56, WISCI improved from 1 to 9. Discussion: A tailor-made program for rehabilitation post ependymoma excision induced spinal cord injury is key element for a better prognosis of patient, since same size shoe cannot fit for all. Hence a therapist must rely on extensive assessment and knowledge backed up by experience in treating the patient with such rare conditions. We also conclude a felt need of lowcost mechanical paraplegic ambulatory devices. In the present scenario majority of patient in India and to our clinical experience cannot afford costly ambulatory devices. Conclusion: A tailor-made, goal-oriented physical therapy intervention can significantly enhance the functional abilities of patients with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) following the Post operative excision of an ependymoma.
Journal of Clinical Medical Research, 2025
The emergence of new variants of concern in immunocompromised persons with SARS-CoV-2, particular... more The emergence of new variants of concern in immunocompromised persons with SARS-CoV-2, particularly those with mutations in the spike protein, has complicated treatment strategies. Some Therapies focused only on viral clearance effects and not on major clinical outcomes. As the virus continues to evolve, the development of broad-spectrum therapies, along with personalized approaches to treatment, will be crucial in managing COVID-19. After the first year period in which several treatments were employed early intervention strategies, including the use of antiretrovirals and monoclonal antibodies, have emerged as promising approaches to mitigate the severity of COVID-19 in fragile individuals and prevent disease progression, hospitalization and death even in recent time with less aggressive SARS-CoV-2 variants. Guidelines, high-quality data for combination treatment exploiting antivirals and neutralizing antibodies do not exist in the outpatient setting, especially in severe immunocompromised individuals. Nevertheless, several studies have attempted to investigate the efect of this approach and although these are often observational studies without control groups, generally no severe adverse reactions from the combination therapy have been reported. The potential efficacy of early combination therapy, based on an antiviral plus a monoclonal antibody, for COVID-19 in severely immunocompromised patients is matter of clinical and literature debate in the scientific word. To date, information concerning the early treatments of COVID-19 using combined therapies has been limited. In this Literature Review we explain the Last variant of concern and the updates on combination therapy for vulnerable persons with Sars-Cov-2.
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