Since 1965 imported fossil traffic fuels have received tax subsidies in Finland against domestic ... more Since 1965 imported fossil traffic fuels have received tax subsidies in Finland against domestic biofuels and other renewable sources of traffic energy. Pressure from the EU and MPs from almost all political parties has resulted in substantial legislative progress since 2004 but still many fossil fuel subsidies are in place. This government policy receives support from committees set up by a few ministries, but not from any political party. Finnish climate law research has not, until now, drawn attention to this problem, but there are expectations for development of climate law to cover legislative instruments beyond the EU emission trading system.
ISBN 978-951-604-100-4 ISBN 978-951-604-101-1 (pdf) ISSN 1797-3821 ISSN 1797-383X (pdf) Tämä julk... more ISBN 978-951-604-100-4 ISBN 978-951-604-101-1 (pdf) ISSN 1797-3821 ISSN 1797-383X (pdf) Tämä julkaisu on ensimmäinen suomenkielinen yleisesitys uusiutuvien energiamuotojen käyttömahdollisuuksista liikenteessä. Tarkoituksena on palvella sekä yleistä tiedon tarvetta tällä alalla kansallisesti että erityisesti valmisteilla olevaa uusiutuvien liikenteen energiamuotojen koulutus- ja tutkimushanketta Pohjois-Karjalassa.
Renewable energy utilization in transportation applications (RES-T) belongs to the key fields of ... more Renewable energy utilization in transportation applications (RES-T) belongs to the key fields of climate change mitigation. RES-T education is needed for evading climate crisis, but it faces serious obstacles. Low awareness among the general public and technology professionals of opportunities offered by RES-T technologies is attributable to various non-technical issues. One of these issues is misrepresentation of crude oil based fuels in many historical accounts of transportation technology evolution. It is argued that this phenomenon has resemblance to the famous bias found in war history, the tendency to write history from the perspective of the victors. In this case victors are companies instead of armies. However, although the end result is similar, the process is different.
It is usually not recognized in relevant educational curriculums that all transport modes were originally RES-T powered and RES-T technologies have always been utilized in varying degrees, also today. The relevant educational curriculums also tend to ignore both technological and environmental advantages offered by RES-T, in comparison with current conventional transportation technologies. Victor’s history bias requires immediate attention as one of the core challenges underlying these educational problems.
Renewable energy utilization in transportation (RES-T) is a long way behind its utilization in po... more Renewable energy utilization in transportation (RES-T) is a long way behind its utilization in power (RES-E) and heat (RES-H) sectors. International and national environmental policies have recently given a lot of emphasis on this problem. For that reason information is sought on how to implement solutions both politically and technologically. As Sweden is a global leader in this area, it can provide valuable examples. In 2012 Sweden became the first country to reach the binding requirement of the European Union for at least 10 % share for renewable energy in transport energy consumption. But qualitative development has been even stronger than quantitative. Among the success stories behind qualitative progress, most noteworthy are those created by innovative municipal policies. By 2030 Sweden aims to achieve fossil fuel independent road transport system and by 2050 completely carbon neutral transport system in all modes of transport.
In 2009 the European Union set a binding requirement for allMember States to reach aminimum of 10... more In 2009 the European Union set a binding requirement for allMember States to reach aminimum of 10 % share for renewable energy sources in transport energy consumption by 2020. Sweden is the only country, which already met this target and municipal policies have had large role in this achievement. Swedish municipalities have created markets for several key technologies emphasizing the most sustainable ones. Local markets have grown into national markets and in several cases they have diffused to other countries forming international markets.
Renewable methane is promoted in many countries as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels in a... more Renewable methane is promoted in many countries as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels in all types of transport applications. This article examines development, governance and motives for the use of biogas, synthetic biogas, wind methane and other types of renewable methane in transport. Fossil methane fuels, such as natural gas, shale gas and synthetic natural gas, are included as a comparison. Compressed town gas played an important role in the adoption of methane for traffic use, so its history is also examined. Three waves of development in the use of traffic biogas are identified: the Second World War, the 1970s oil crises, and the present day quest for sustainability. While biogas has been used in transport since the 1930s, the other renewable methane fuels are now emerging in the commercial market with only a few years of history. This paper looks at the use of renewable methane in a global perspective, although most of the examples are from Europe, as the majority of the technological and political advances have been European.
Finnish Quarterly for the History of Technology, Aug 2013
Biogas was first adopted as fuel for transport use in Germany in the 1930s. These days it is wide... more Biogas was first adopted as fuel for transport use in Germany in the 1930s. These days it is widely used as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. This article examines the historic background and the motives for the use of traffic biogas.
This publication is an extended summary of a 133 page publication written in Finnish for Finnish ... more This publication is an extended summary of a 133 page publication written in Finnish for Finnish Ministry of Transport and Communications. It is one part of work of a task force “Future motive powers in transport”, which defined targets and planned paths for achieving them for different motive powers in transport in 2020 and 2050. This publication includes sectoral report for renewable methane (RE-methane) and also one of the paths to 2050, called sustainable development path. Although the targets for year 2020 are strongly dependent on current national conditions, the targets for 2050 are applicable to all EU countries. Therefore, the sustainable development path could form a model for a corresponding sustainable EU roadmap. This publication, as well as the original, substantially broader publication written in Finnish, are available at the WWW server of Finnish Biogas Association (www.biokaasuyhdistys.net).
Since 1965 imported fossil traffic fuels have received tax subsidies in Finland against domestic ... more Since 1965 imported fossil traffic fuels have received tax subsidies in Finland against domestic biofuels and other renewable sources of traffic energy. Pressure from the EU and MPs from almost all political parties has resulted in substantial legislative progress since 2004 but still many fossil fuel subsidies are in place. This government policy receives support from committees set up by a few ministries, but not from any political party. Finnish climate law research has not, until now, drawn attention to this problem, but there are expectations for development of climate law to cover legislative instruments beyond the EU emission trading system.
ISBN 978-951-604-100-4 ISBN 978-951-604-101-1 (pdf) ISSN 1797-3821 ISSN 1797-383X (pdf) Tämä julk... more ISBN 978-951-604-100-4 ISBN 978-951-604-101-1 (pdf) ISSN 1797-3821 ISSN 1797-383X (pdf) Tämä julkaisu on ensimmäinen suomenkielinen yleisesitys uusiutuvien energiamuotojen käyttömahdollisuuksista liikenteessä. Tarkoituksena on palvella sekä yleistä tiedon tarvetta tällä alalla kansallisesti että erityisesti valmisteilla olevaa uusiutuvien liikenteen energiamuotojen koulutus- ja tutkimushanketta Pohjois-Karjalassa.
Renewable energy utilization in transportation applications (RES-T) belongs to the key fields of ... more Renewable energy utilization in transportation applications (RES-T) belongs to the key fields of climate change mitigation. RES-T education is needed for evading climate crisis, but it faces serious obstacles. Low awareness among the general public and technology professionals of opportunities offered by RES-T technologies is attributable to various non-technical issues. One of these issues is misrepresentation of crude oil based fuels in many historical accounts of transportation technology evolution. It is argued that this phenomenon has resemblance to the famous bias found in war history, the tendency to write history from the perspective of the victors. In this case victors are companies instead of armies. However, although the end result is similar, the process is different.
It is usually not recognized in relevant educational curriculums that all transport modes were originally RES-T powered and RES-T technologies have always been utilized in varying degrees, also today. The relevant educational curriculums also tend to ignore both technological and environmental advantages offered by RES-T, in comparison with current conventional transportation technologies. Victor’s history bias requires immediate attention as one of the core challenges underlying these educational problems.
Renewable energy utilization in transportation (RES-T) is a long way behind its utilization in po... more Renewable energy utilization in transportation (RES-T) is a long way behind its utilization in power (RES-E) and heat (RES-H) sectors. International and national environmental policies have recently given a lot of emphasis on this problem. For that reason information is sought on how to implement solutions both politically and technologically. As Sweden is a global leader in this area, it can provide valuable examples. In 2012 Sweden became the first country to reach the binding requirement of the European Union for at least 10 % share for renewable energy in transport energy consumption. But qualitative development has been even stronger than quantitative. Among the success stories behind qualitative progress, most noteworthy are those created by innovative municipal policies. By 2030 Sweden aims to achieve fossil fuel independent road transport system and by 2050 completely carbon neutral transport system in all modes of transport.
In 2009 the European Union set a binding requirement for allMember States to reach aminimum of 10... more In 2009 the European Union set a binding requirement for allMember States to reach aminimum of 10 % share for renewable energy sources in transport energy consumption by 2020. Sweden is the only country, which already met this target and municipal policies have had large role in this achievement. Swedish municipalities have created markets for several key technologies emphasizing the most sustainable ones. Local markets have grown into national markets and in several cases they have diffused to other countries forming international markets.
Renewable methane is promoted in many countries as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels in a... more Renewable methane is promoted in many countries as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels in all types of transport applications. This article examines development, governance and motives for the use of biogas, synthetic biogas, wind methane and other types of renewable methane in transport. Fossil methane fuels, such as natural gas, shale gas and synthetic natural gas, are included as a comparison. Compressed town gas played an important role in the adoption of methane for traffic use, so its history is also examined. Three waves of development in the use of traffic biogas are identified: the Second World War, the 1970s oil crises, and the present day quest for sustainability. While biogas has been used in transport since the 1930s, the other renewable methane fuels are now emerging in the commercial market with only a few years of history. This paper looks at the use of renewable methane in a global perspective, although most of the examples are from Europe, as the majority of the technological and political advances have been European.
Finnish Quarterly for the History of Technology, Aug 2013
Biogas was first adopted as fuel for transport use in Germany in the 1930s. These days it is wide... more Biogas was first adopted as fuel for transport use in Germany in the 1930s. These days it is widely used as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. This article examines the historic background and the motives for the use of traffic biogas.
This publication is an extended summary of a 133 page publication written in Finnish for Finnish ... more This publication is an extended summary of a 133 page publication written in Finnish for Finnish Ministry of Transport and Communications. It is one part of work of a task force “Future motive powers in transport”, which defined targets and planned paths for achieving them for different motive powers in transport in 2020 and 2050. This publication includes sectoral report for renewable methane (RE-methane) and also one of the paths to 2050, called sustainable development path. Although the targets for year 2020 are strongly dependent on current national conditions, the targets for 2050 are applicable to all EU countries. Therefore, the sustainable development path could form a model for a corresponding sustainable EU roadmap. This publication, as well as the original, substantially broader publication written in Finnish, are available at the WWW server of Finnish Biogas Association (www.biokaasuyhdistys.net).
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Papers by Ari Lampinen
It is usually not recognized in relevant educational curriculums that all transport modes were originally RES-T powered and RES-T technologies have always been utilized in varying degrees, also today. The relevant educational curriculums also tend to ignore both technological and environmental advantages offered by RES-T, in comparison with current conventional transportation technologies. Victor’s history bias requires immediate attention as one of the core challenges underlying these educational problems.
It is usually not recognized in relevant educational curriculums that all transport modes were originally RES-T powered and RES-T technologies have always been utilized in varying degrees, also today. The relevant educational curriculums also tend to ignore both technological and environmental advantages offered by RES-T, in comparison with current conventional transportation technologies. Victor’s history bias requires immediate attention as one of the core challenges underlying these educational problems.