Traffic crashes result in a loss of life but also impact the quality of life and productivity of ... more Traffic crashes result in a loss of life but also impact the quality of life and productivity of crash survivors. Given the importance of traffic crash outcomes, the issue has received attention from researchers and practitioners as well as government institutions, such as the European Commission (EC). Thus, to obtain detailed information on the injury type and severity of crash victims, hospital data have been proposed for use alongside police crash records. A new injury severity classification based on hospital data, named the maximum abbreviated injury scale (MAIS), was developed and recently adopted by the EC. This study provides an in-depth analysis of the factors that affect injury severity as classified by the MAIS score. In this study, the MAIS score was derived from the International Classification of Diseases. The EU adopted a MAIS score equal to or greater than three as the definition for a serious traffic crash injury. Gains are expected from using both police and hospit...
... Mapa do Campus. A PROBABILISTIC METHODOLOGY FOR HOT SPOT IDENTIFICATION. Artigo em Livro de A... more ... Mapa do Campus. A PROBABILISTIC METHODOLOGY FOR HOT SPOT IDENTIFICATION. Artigo em Livro de Actas de Conferência Internacional. Autores: Sara Ferreira António Couto. Área: 2 Engenharia e tecnologia > 2.1 Engenharia civil. Idioma: Inglês. ...
RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo prende-se com a avaliação macroscópica da influência das caracterí... more RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo prende-se com a avaliação macroscópica da influência das características geométricas e ambientais e da sinalização de velocidade limite legal na velocidade em regime livre praticada pelos condutores em zonas periurbanas. Um ...
ABSTRACT This study aims to assess the under-reporting and misclassification of the traffic injur... more ABSTRACT This study aims to assess the under-reporting and misclassification of the traffic injury severity reported by the police for the first time in Portugal. The non-fatality traffic injuries classified by the police are compared with the information recorded by the hospitals using linked data. The underreporting in the police data was found to be of 29%. Therefore, a significant number of road traffic casualties admitted in the hospitals were not known by the police. Taking advantage of the linked information on accident injuries, the misclassification in the police reports is assessed considering two criteria: the length of hospital stay (LS) and the maximum abbreviated injury scale (MAIS). The latter criterion corresponds to the common definition recently established by the European Commission, which has the advantage of representing the medical conditions of the casualty. The comparison between police classification and LS indicates that a discrepancy between the police reports and the established police definition exists. On the other hand, the police classification shows a tendency to overclassify the injury severity regarding the MAIS. A remarkable proportion of severe injuries reported by the police are, in fact, slight injuries. Additionally, using univariate and multivariate analyses, factors contributing to the misclassification of casualties by the police are identified. Finally, similarly to the fatality adjustment coefficient used in Portugal and in other countries in the past, non-fatality adjustment coefficients were computed to estimate the total casualties taking into account the under-reporting and misclassification phenomena. These adjustment factors are compared with other countries.
Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management, 2011
ABSTRACT This paper examines European railway productivity growth by accounting for the variation... more ABSTRACT This paper examines European railway productivity growth by accounting for the variation of the attributes of output characteristics and the service quality that is supplied. Furthermore, this study uses the derived theoretical expressions of embodied technological progress to isolate the effects of high-speed technology on productivity growth using data that relate to European rail systems during the period from 1972 to 1999. The derived model shows that railway productivity improvements are especially relevant with regard to the output performance, with a mean value of 2.7% for the rate at which all outputs can grow over time with inputs held constant, rather than to input usage productivity improvements, with a mean value of 1.7% for the rate at which all inputs can be decreased over time with outputs held constant. Moreover, the results show that conventional high-speed technology, which allowed for an average increase in productivity growth of around 0.8%, has a larger effect on productivity growth than tilting train technology.
Traffic crashes result in a loss of life but also impact the quality of life and productivity of ... more Traffic crashes result in a loss of life but also impact the quality of life and productivity of crash survivors. Given the importance of traffic crash outcomes, the issue has received attention from researchers and practitioners as well as government institutions, such as the European Commission (EC). Thus, to obtain detailed information on the injury type and severity of crash victims, hospital data have been proposed for use alongside police crash records. A new injury severity classification based on hospital data, named the maximum abbreviated injury scale (MAIS), was developed and recently adopted by the EC. This study provides an in-depth analysis of the factors that affect injury severity as classified by the MAIS score. In this study, the MAIS score was derived from the International Classification of Diseases. The EU adopted a MAIS score equal to or greater than three as the definition for a serious traffic crash injury. Gains are expected from using both police and hospit...
... Mapa do Campus. A PROBABILISTIC METHODOLOGY FOR HOT SPOT IDENTIFICATION. Artigo em Livro de A... more ... Mapa do Campus. A PROBABILISTIC METHODOLOGY FOR HOT SPOT IDENTIFICATION. Artigo em Livro de Actas de Conferência Internacional. Autores: Sara Ferreira António Couto. Área: 2 Engenharia e tecnologia > 2.1 Engenharia civil. Idioma: Inglês. ...
RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo prende-se com a avaliação macroscópica da influência das caracterí... more RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo prende-se com a avaliação macroscópica da influência das características geométricas e ambientais e da sinalização de velocidade limite legal na velocidade em regime livre praticada pelos condutores em zonas periurbanas. Um ...
ABSTRACT This study aims to assess the under-reporting and misclassification of the traffic injur... more ABSTRACT This study aims to assess the under-reporting and misclassification of the traffic injury severity reported by the police for the first time in Portugal. The non-fatality traffic injuries classified by the police are compared with the information recorded by the hospitals using linked data. The underreporting in the police data was found to be of 29%. Therefore, a significant number of road traffic casualties admitted in the hospitals were not known by the police. Taking advantage of the linked information on accident injuries, the misclassification in the police reports is assessed considering two criteria: the length of hospital stay (LS) and the maximum abbreviated injury scale (MAIS). The latter criterion corresponds to the common definition recently established by the European Commission, which has the advantage of representing the medical conditions of the casualty. The comparison between police classification and LS indicates that a discrepancy between the police reports and the established police definition exists. On the other hand, the police classification shows a tendency to overclassify the injury severity regarding the MAIS. A remarkable proportion of severe injuries reported by the police are, in fact, slight injuries. Additionally, using univariate and multivariate analyses, factors contributing to the misclassification of casualties by the police are identified. Finally, similarly to the fatality adjustment coefficient used in Portugal and in other countries in the past, non-fatality adjustment coefficients were computed to estimate the total casualties taking into account the under-reporting and misclassification phenomena. These adjustment factors are compared with other countries.
Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management, 2011
ABSTRACT This paper examines European railway productivity growth by accounting for the variation... more ABSTRACT This paper examines European railway productivity growth by accounting for the variation of the attributes of output characteristics and the service quality that is supplied. Furthermore, this study uses the derived theoretical expressions of embodied technological progress to isolate the effects of high-speed technology on productivity growth using data that relate to European rail systems during the period from 1972 to 1999. The derived model shows that railway productivity improvements are especially relevant with regard to the output performance, with a mean value of 2.7% for the rate at which all outputs can grow over time with inputs held constant, rather than to input usage productivity improvements, with a mean value of 1.7% for the rate at which all inputs can be decreased over time with outputs held constant. Moreover, the results show that conventional high-speed technology, which allowed for an average increase in productivity growth of around 0.8%, has a larger effect on productivity growth than tilting train technology.
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