Papers by Anthonio Adefuye
Molecular human reproduction, 2014
The interplay between inflammation, cervical cancer and HIV acquisition in women is poorly unders... more The interplay between inflammation, cervical cancer and HIV acquisition in women is poorly understood. We have previously shown that seminal plasma (SP) can promote cervical tumour cell growth in vitro and in vivo via the activation of potent inflammatory pathways. In this study, we investigated whether SP could regulate expression of chemokine receptors with known roles in HIV infection, in the cervix and in cervical cancer. The expression of CD4 and CCR5 was investigated by RT-PCR analysis and immunohistochemistry. CD4 and CCR5 expression was elevated in cervical cancer tissue compared with normal cervix. Ex vivo studies conducted on cervical tissues and HeLa cells showed that SP significantly increases the expression of CD4 and CCR5 transcripts. Furthermore, it was found that SP also up-regulates CCR5 protein in HeLa cells. The regulation of CCR5 expression was investigated following treatment of HeLa cells with SP in the presence/absence of chemical inhibitors of intracellular s...
Pathology Research International, 2014
The connection between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the consequent sequelae which est... more The connection between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the consequent sequelae which establishes cervical neoplastic transformation and invasive cervical cancer has redefined many aspects of cervical cancer research. However there is still much that we do not know. In particular, the impact of external factors, like seminal fluid in sexually active women, on pathways that regulate cervical inflammation and tumorigenesis, have yet to be fully understood. HPV infection is regarded as the initiating noninflammatory cause of the disease; however emerging evidence points to resident HPV infections as drivers of inflammatory pathways that play important roles in tumorigenesis as well as in the susceptibility to other infections such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Moreover there is emerging evidence to support a role for seminal fluid, in particular, the inflammatory bioactive lipids, and prostaglandins which are present in vast quantities in seminal fluid in regulating pathways that can exacerbate inflammation of the cervix, speed up tumorigenesis, and enhance susceptibility to HIV infection. This review will highlight some of our current knowledge of the role of seminal fluid as a potent driver of inflammatory and tumorigenic pathways in the cervix and will provide some evidence to propose a role for seminal plasma prostaglandins in HIV infection and AIDS-related cancer.
Journal of Molecular Signaling, 2014
Background: Cervical cancer is a chronic inflammatory disease of multifactorial etiology usually ... more Background: Cervical cancer is a chronic inflammatory disease of multifactorial etiology usually presenting in sexually active women. Exposure of neoplastic cervical epithelial cells to seminal plasma (SP) has been shown to promote the growth of cancer cells in vitro and tumors in vivo by inducing the expression of inflammatory mediators including pro-inflammatory cytokines. IL-1α is a pleotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine induced in several human cancers and has been associated with virulent tumor phenotype and poorer prognosis. Here we investigated the expression of IL-1α in cervical cancer, the role of SP in the regulation of IL-1α in neoplastic cervical epithelial cells and the molecular mechanism underlying this regulation.
Pharmacognosy Magazine, 2013
Plant cells fundamentally are chemical factories containing a rich supply of therapeutically usef... more Plant cells fundamentally are chemical factories containing a rich supply of therapeutically useful phytocompounds that have the potential of being developed into potent antimicrobial agents. To investigate the antibacterial activity of fractionated extracts of the ethyl acetate extract of the stem bark of Bridelia micrantha (Hochst., Baill., Euphorbiaceae). Thin-layer chromatography and column chromatography were used to purify the extracts and antimicrobial activity performed on reference and clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella sonnei, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Helicobacter pylori using direct and indirect bioautographic methods respectively. Furthermore, the eluted compound fractions were then assayed for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC50) using the 96-well micro dilution technique. Better separation of phytocompounds was obtained from the non-polar Benzene/Ethanol/Ammonia (BEA) and intermediate-polar Chloroform/Ethyl acetate/Formic acid (CEF) eluents compared to the polar Ethanol/Methanol/Water (EMW). Bioautography revealed the presence of three bioactive compounds (Rf values; 0.12, 0.20, and 0.42) on the BEA plates, designated fractions 3, 7, and 8 with MIC50 values; 0.0048mg/mL to 1.25mg/mL (fraction 3), 0.0024mg/mL to 5 mg/mL (fraction 7), and 0.0024mg/mL to 2.5mg/mL (fraction 8). Our findings demonstrate that ethyl acetate extract of the stem-bark of B. micrantha possess potent bioactive phytocompounds that may be developed into new antimicrobials.
Journal of Medicinal Plants …, 2009
Antibacterial evaluation of the methanolic extract and aqueous fractions of the Leaf, Stem Bark a... more Antibacterial evaluation of the methanolic extract and aqueous fractions of the Leaf, Stem Bark and root of the African locust bean tree, Parkia biglobosa was carried out using the agar-well diffusion method. The extracts and their fractions were tested against two gram positive organisms -Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Bacillus subtilis NCTC 8326B76 and two gram negative organisms-Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC-27853. Results obtained confirmed a broad spectrum of activity as all the organisms used were inhibited by the extracts and their aqueous fractions at concentrations between 2.5 -20 mg. Zones of clearing observed against S. aureus were more pronounced, distinct and wider than those against other organisms tested. It was closely followed by P. aeruginosa.
Journal of Immunology Research , 2016
Inflammation is a multifaceted process that involves a host of resident and recruited immune cell... more Inflammation is a multifaceted process that involves a host of resident and recruited immune cell types working together to promote the elimination of insult or injury and initiate tissue repair. In the female reproductive tract (FMRT), inflammation-mediated alteration in epithelial, vascular and immune functions are important components of complex physiological processes as well as many local and systemic pathologies. It is well established that intra-coital and post-coital function of seminal fluid (SF) goes beyond nutritive support for the spermatozoa cells. There is emerging evidence to support a role for SF, in particular, the inflammatory bioactive lipids, and prostaglandins present in vast quantities in SF in localized immune modulation and regulation of pathways that can exacerbate inflammation in the FMRT. In sexually active women SF-mediated inflammation have been implicated in physiologic conditions such as ovulation, implantation and parturition while also enhancing tumorigenesis, and susceptibility to infection such as HIV. This review highlight the molecular mechanism by which SF regulates inflammatory pathways in the FMRT and how alterations in these pathways contribute to physiology and pathology of the female reproductive function. In addition, based on findings from TaqMan® 96-Well Plate Arrays, on neoplastic cervical epithelial cells treated with SF, we discuss some of our new findings on the role of SF as a potent driver of inflammatory and tumorigenic pathways in the cervix. SF was found to regulate components of eicosanoid signaling, kallikrien-kinin-bradykinin receptor signaling, toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) signaling and chemokine/cytokine signaling in neoplastic cervical epithelial cells. Although the detailed molecular mechanisms require additional studies, the available data suggests that SF can regulate a wide range of inflammatory pathways to augment pathologic conditions within the FMRT.
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Papers by Anthonio Adefuye