1. Introduction 2. The changing landscape of natural burial in the UK 3. Introducing the four Eth... more 1. Introduction 2. The changing landscape of natural burial in the UK 3. Introducing the four Ethnographic sites and the motivations of providers to bury naturally 4. Designing and making the natural burial ground 5. Inhabiting and working in the natural burial ground 6. Choosing, doing and living with natural burial 6. Death care professionals: New endings, old habits? 8. The natural burial ground through time 9. Conclusion
This article investigates the impact of natural burial on the delivery of ecosystem services (ESs... more This article investigates the impact of natural burial on the delivery of ecosystem services (ESs) in urban cemeteries in England that are owned and managed by local authorities. Local authority natural burial sites have received far less attention from researchers than independent sites developed by farmers, charitable trusts, funeral directors and land owners. Here we argue that the local authority hybrid cemeteries that combine natural burial with traditional graves may have a far greater impact in delivering regulatory and cultural ecosystem services than the much larger and frequently more environmentally ambitious natural burial grounds developed by the independent sector. The article presents three case studies of cemeteries, each of which represents a different interpretation of natural burial. Two have retrofitted natural burial into an existing cemetery landscape. The third is a new cemetery where natural burial was included with traditional burial in the original design brief and planning application. The research reveals how natural burial is transforming the traditional cemetery, with its focus on an intensively managed lawn aesthetic, towards a more habitat rich and spatially complex landscape with its own distinctive identity. The research also reveals how natural burial (within the unique constraints of UK burial culture that does not permit the recycling of burial space) is increasing the burial capacity of urban cemeteries by accessing land and grave space that might not be suitable or appropriate for more traditional forms of burial.
This study explores the case of natural burial and the motives for the adoption of trees as memor... more This study explores the case of natural burial and the motives for the adoption of trees as memorial objects to replace traditional grave markers. It specifically explores a single woodland burial ground and two distinct communities who are connected to the site; bereaved people and pre-purchase holders. Natural burial has developed in response to changing ideals, values, and shifts in
Has the residential landscape been designed to minimise operational energy inputs and emissions o... more Has the residential landscape been designed to minimise operational energy inputs and emissions of CO 2 to the atmosphere arising from the operation of a home and its services? 1.1 Passive solar gain (3 credits are available) • The avoidance of potentially overshadowing coniferous planting and landscape structures to the south side of housing units on the site is: Guide to appropriate provision of drying apparatus After Rao et al., 2000 A minimum of 6 m line for 3+ bed units or 3 m for 1 and 2 bed units is required. Percentage score awarded under the Energy Category carried to collection Energy references
... This is achieved by employing a range of techniques such as increasing areas of planting, rep... more ... This is achieved by employing a range of techniques such as increasing areas of planting, replacing surfaces that are traditionally 'hard landscaped' with permeable alternatives, and even replacing conventional drainpipes with rain chains that divert rainwater from the gutter ...
1. Introduction 2. The changing landscape of natural burial in the UK 3. Introducing the four Eth... more 1. Introduction 2. The changing landscape of natural burial in the UK 3. Introducing the four Ethnographic sites and the motivations of providers to bury naturally 4. Designing and making the natural burial ground 5. Inhabiting and working in the natural burial ground 6. Choosing, doing and living with natural burial 6. Death care professionals: New endings, old habits? 8. The natural burial ground through time 9. Conclusion
This article investigates the impact of natural burial on the delivery of ecosystem services (ESs... more This article investigates the impact of natural burial on the delivery of ecosystem services (ESs) in urban cemeteries in England that are owned and managed by local authorities. Local authority natural burial sites have received far less attention from researchers than independent sites developed by farmers, charitable trusts, funeral directors and land owners. Here we argue that the local authority hybrid cemeteries that combine natural burial with traditional graves may have a far greater impact in delivering regulatory and cultural ecosystem services than the much larger and frequently more environmentally ambitious natural burial grounds developed by the independent sector. The article presents three case studies of cemeteries, each of which represents a different interpretation of natural burial. Two have retrofitted natural burial into an existing cemetery landscape. The third is a new cemetery where natural burial was included with traditional burial in the original design brief and planning application. The research reveals how natural burial is transforming the traditional cemetery, with its focus on an intensively managed lawn aesthetic, towards a more habitat rich and spatially complex landscape with its own distinctive identity. The research also reveals how natural burial (within the unique constraints of UK burial culture that does not permit the recycling of burial space) is increasing the burial capacity of urban cemeteries by accessing land and grave space that might not be suitable or appropriate for more traditional forms of burial.
This study explores the case of natural burial and the motives for the adoption of trees as memor... more This study explores the case of natural burial and the motives for the adoption of trees as memorial objects to replace traditional grave markers. It specifically explores a single woodland burial ground and two distinct communities who are connected to the site; bereaved people and pre-purchase holders. Natural burial has developed in response to changing ideals, values, and shifts in
Has the residential landscape been designed to minimise operational energy inputs and emissions o... more Has the residential landscape been designed to minimise operational energy inputs and emissions of CO 2 to the atmosphere arising from the operation of a home and its services? 1.1 Passive solar gain (3 credits are available) • The avoidance of potentially overshadowing coniferous planting and landscape structures to the south side of housing units on the site is: Guide to appropriate provision of drying apparatus After Rao et al., 2000 A minimum of 6 m line for 3+ bed units or 3 m for 1 and 2 bed units is required. Percentage score awarded under the Energy Category carried to collection Energy references
... This is achieved by employing a range of techniques such as increasing areas of planting, rep... more ... This is achieved by employing a range of techniques such as increasing areas of planting, replacing surfaces that are traditionally 'hard landscaped' with permeable alternatives, and even replacing conventional drainpipes with rain chains that divert rainwater from the gutter ...
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